Test 2

Question 1

Aeneas

Answer 1

A Trojan hero, the son of the prince Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite.

Aeneas is one of the few Trojans who were not killed in battle or enslaved when Troy fell.

Question 2

Ganymede

Answer 2

A divine hero whose homeland was Troy. Homer describes Ganymede as the most beautiful of mortals. He was the son of Tros of Dardania.

He is abducted by Zeus, in the form of an eagle, to serve as cup-bearer in Olympus.

Question 3

Anchises

Answer 3

A mortal lover of the goddess Aphrodite. Son is Aeneas.

Question 4

Laomedon

Answer 4

A Trojan king, son of Ilus, brother of Ganymede and Assaracus, and father of Priam, Astyoche, Lampus, Hicetaon, Clytius, Cilla, Proclia, Aethilla, Medesicaste, Clytodora, and Hesione.

Poseidon and Apollo, having offended Zeus, were sent to serve King Laomedon. He had them build huge walls around the city and promised to reward them well, a promise he then refused to fulfill. In vengeance, before the Trojan War, Poseidon sent a sea monster to attack Troy and Apollo sent a pestilence.

Question 5

Telamon

Answer 5

Son of the king Aeacus of Aegina, and Endeis and brother of Peleus, accompanied Jason as one of his Argonauts.

Father of Ajax

Question 6

Tithonus

Answer 6

Tithonus was a Trojan by birth, the son of King Laomedon of Troy by a water nymph named Strymo.

Lover of Eos.

Question 7

Priam

Answer 7

King of Troy during the Trojan War and youngest son of Laomedon.

Question 8

Hecuba

Answer 8

Wife of King Priam of Troy during the Trojan War, with whom she had 19 children

Question 9

Hector

Answer 9

A Trojan prince and the greatest fighter for Troy in the Trojan War. The first-born son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba. Means “Holder”, “Protector”

Question 10

Paris

Answer 10

the son of Priam. He caused the Trojan War by abducting Helen.

Question 11

Patroclus

Answer 11

the son of Menoetius, grandson of Actor, King of Opus, and was Achilles’ beloved comrade and brother-in-arms. His death was the cause of Achilles poor treatment of Hectors body.

Question 12

Ajax

Answer 12

a mythological Greek hero, the son of Telamon and Periboea, He plays an important role in Homer’s Iliad and in the Epic Cycle, a series of epic poems about the Trojan War. To distinguish him from Ajax, son of Oileus (Ajax the Lesser), he is called “Telamonian Ajax,” “Greater Ajax,” or “Ajax the Great”. A doer not a speaker. Descent from Zeus and Aigina

Question 13

Diomedes

Answer 13

a hero in Greek mythology, known for his participation in the Trojan War.
King of Argos

Younger figure. Great figure but not Ajax level. He’s used as a stand in for Achilles. Principle fighter. He is a figure of weight with a distinguished background.

Son of Tidious.

Question 14

Tydeus

Answer 14

an Aeolian hero of the generation before the Trojan War. He was one of the Seven Against Thebes, and the father of Diomedes, who is frequently known by the patronymic Tydides.

Question 15

Odysseus

Answer 15

Husband of Penelope, father of Telemachus, and son of Laërtes, grandson of Autolykos “a real wolf”

Question 16

Laertes

Answer 16

father of Odysseus. Laërtes was an Argonaut and participated in the hunt for the Calydonian Boar.

Question 17

Sisyphus

Answer 17

a king of Ephyra (now known as Corinth) punished for chronic deceitfulness by being compelled to roll an immense boulder up a hill, only to watch it roll back down, and to repeat this action forever.

Question 18

Palamedes

Answer 18

Agamemnon sent Palamedes to Ithaca to retrieve Odysseus, who had promised to defend the marriage of Helen and Menelaus. Paris had kidnapped Helen, but Odysseus did not want to honor his oath. He pretended to be insane and plowed his fields with salt. Palamedes guessed what was happening and put Odysseus’ son, Telemachus, in front of the plow. Odysseus stopped working and revealed his sanity.

Question 19

Nestor

Answer 19

He became king after Heracles killed Neleus and all of Nestor’s siblings. He was an argonaut and helped fight the centaurs. Son of Poseidon.

Question 20

Achilles

Answer 20

a Greek hero of the Trojan War and the central character and greatest warrior of Homer’s Iliad. Achilles was a demigod; his mother was the nymph Thetis, and his father, Peleus, was the king of the Myrmidons.

Question 21

Thetis

Answer 21

Most extant material about Thetis concerns her role as mother of Achilles, but there is some evidence that as the sea-goddess she played a more central role in the religious beliefs and practices of Archaic Greece.

Question 22

Agamemnon

Answer 22

the son of king Atreus and queen Aerope of Mycenae, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra as well the father of Iphigenia,

On Agamemnon’s return from Troy he was murdered (according to the fullest version of the oldest surviving account, Odyssey 11.409–11) by Aegisthus, the lover of his wife Clytemnestra.

Talkes to Diomedes and tells him he should try harder to measure up to father.

Question 23

Menelaus

Answer 23

was a king of Mycenaean (pre-Dorian) Sparta, the husband of Helen of Troy, and a central figure in the Trojan War.

Question 24

Tantalus

Answer 24

most famous for his eternal punishment in Tartarus. He was made to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree with low branches, with the fruit ever eluding his grasp, and the water always receding before he could take a drink.

Question 25

Pelops

Answer 25

king of Pisa in the Peloponnesus. He was the founder of the House of Atreus through his son of that name.

Wanting to make an offering to the Olympians, Tantalus cut Pelops into pieces and made his flesh into a stew, then served it to the gods. Demeter, deep in grief after the abduction of her daughter Persephone by Hades, absentmindedly accepted the offering and ate the left shoulder. The other gods sensed the plot, however, and held off from eating of the boy’s body. Pelops was ritually reassembled and brought back to life, his shoulder replaced with one of ivory made for him by Hephaestus. Pindar mentioned this tradition in his First Olympian Ode, only to reject it as a malicious invention: his patron claimed descent from Tantalus.

Question 26

Thyestes

Answer 26

the son of Pelops and Hippodamia, King of Olympia, and father of Pelopia and Aegisthus. Thyestes and his brother, Atreus, were exiled by their father for having murdered their half-brother, Chrysippus, in their desire for the throne of Olympia. They took refuge in Mycenae, where they ascended the throne upon the absence of King Eurystheus, who was fighting the Heracleidae. Eurystheus had meant for their lordship to be temporary; it became permanent due to his death in conflict.

Question 27

Atreus

Answer 27

Atreus and his twin brother Thyestes were exiled by their father for murdering their half-brother Chrysippus in their desire for the throne of Olympia. They took refuge in Mycenae, where they ascended to the throne in the absence of King Eurystheus, who was fighting the Heracleidae. Eurystheus had meant for their stewardship to be temporary, but it became permanent after his death in battle.

Question 28

Aegisthus

Answer 28

was the son of Thyestes and of Thyestes’ daughter, Pelopia. Thyestes raped Pelopia after she performed a sacrifice, hiding his identity from her. When Aegisthus was born, his mother abandoned him, ashamed of his origin, and he was raised by shepherds and suckled by a goat, hence his name Aegisthus

Question 29

Clytemnestra

Answer 29

wife of Agamemnon, king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Mycenae or Argos. In the Oresteia by Aeschylus, she was a femme fatale who murdered her husband, Agamemnon

Question 30

Helen

Answer 30

also known as Helen of Sparta, was the daughter of Zeus and Leda (or Nemesis), step-daughter of King Tyndareus, wife of Menelaus and sister of Castor, Polydeuces and Clytemnestra. Her abduction by Paris brought about the Trojan War.

Question 31

Aulis

Answer 31

a Greek port-town, located in Boeotia in central Greece, at the Euripus Strait, opposite of the island of Euboea. It is identified with the modern Avlida.

Question 32

Iphigeneia

Answer 32

a daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra in Greek mythology,[1] whom Agamemnon is commanded to kill as a sacrifice to allow his ships to sail to Troy. In Attic accounts,[2] her name means “strong-born”, “born to strength”, or “she who causes the birth of strong offspring.”

Question 33

Penthesileia

Answer 33

an Amazonian queen in Greek mythology, the daughter of Ares and Otrera. Fought for Troy.

Question 34

Philoctetes

Answer 34

the son of King Poeas of Meliboea in Thessaly. He was a Greek hero, famed as an archer, and was a participant in the Trojan War.

Question 35

Neoptolemus

Answer 35

the son of the warrior Achilles and the princess Deidamia in Greek mythology, and also the mythical progenitor of the ruling dynasty of the Molossians of ancient Epirus.