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Government > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Reallocation of seats in the House of Representatives to each state based on changes in the states population since the last census is called

A

Reapportionment

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2
Q

Redrawing congressional district boundaries within each state is called

A

Redistricting

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3
Q

A model of representation that says that a member of Congress should vote for the position that best represents his or her constituents view even if the legislator does not share those views is called

A

The instructed delegate model

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4
Q

The process by which the legislative branch checks the executive branch to ensure that the laws congress passed are being administered in keeping with the legislatures intent is called

A

Oversight

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5
Q

Differences between the House and the Senate do not include

A

The Senates being larger than the House

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6
Q

A primary committee considering a bill is called

A

A lead committee

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7
Q

The system in which the member with the longest continuous tenure on a standing committee is given preference when the committee chooses it’s chair is called

A

The seniority system

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8
Q

A congressional committee created to consider specific policy issues or address a specific concern is called

A

A select committee

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9
Q

A special tactic used to extract a bill from a committee to have it considered by the entire House is called

A

A discharge petition

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10
Q

A procedural move in which a supermajority of 60 senators agrees to end a filibuster is called

A

Cloture

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11
Q

A designation within a spending bill that provides for a specific expenditure is call

A

An earmark

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12
Q

A role in which an elected or appointed leader acts as an advocate for citizens by listening to and investigating complaints about government bench is called

A

An ombudsperson

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13
Q

A proposed piece of legislation is called

A

A bill

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14
Q

A legislative committees explanation to the full chamber of a bill and its intent is called

A

A report

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15
Q

An agreement by every senator to the terms of debate on a given piece of legislation

A

Unanimous consent

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16
Q

A written message that the president issues upon signing a bill into law is called

A

A signing statement

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17
Q

Appointing the Fed chair and submitting a budget to congress are part of the presidents responsibilities as

A

Chief economist

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18
Q

Appointing the cabinet and determining how the bureaucracy will implement the laws are part of the presidents responsibilities as

A

Chief executive

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19
Q

The office that develops policies and protects the presidents legal and political interests is

A

The White House Office

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20
Q

The office that creates the presidents annual budget is

A

The office of management and budget

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21
Q

Presidential powers that are implied in the constitution are called

A

Inherent powers

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22
Q

Presidential powers granted to presidents by congressional action are called

A

Statutory powers

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23
Q

The right of the president to withhold information from congress it the courts is called

A

Executive privilege

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24
Q

A time early in a new presidents administration characterized by optimistic approval by the public is called

A

The honeymoon period

25
Q

During the Nixon administration, a scandal involving burglaries and the subsequent cover up by high level admin officials was called

A

Watergate

26
Q

The group of experts chosen by the president to serve as advisers on running the country

A

Cabinet

27
Q

The executive staff member who serves as both and adviser to the president and a manager of the White House office is the

A

Chief of staff

28
Q

Consists of the top foreign policy advisers and relevant cabinet officials who advise the president on matters of foreign policy and national security

A

National security council

29
Q

The constitutional basis for inherent powers

A

Take care clause

30
Q

the power of the president to issue orders that carry the force of law

A

Executive order

31
Q

The number of federal civilian bureaucrats is

A

Almost 3 million

32
Q

Youngest department in the national bureaucracy is the department of

A

Homeland security

33
Q

The demographics of what category of federal employee are most compatible to those of the population as a whole?

A

Civil servants

34
Q

The legislation that created the federal merit-based civil service system was the

A

Pendleton Act (1883)

35
Q

The independent admin agency that is the central personnel office for the federal bureaucracy today is the

A

OPM

36
Q

In what category of federal bureaucracies are secretaries the top appointed to?

A

Department

37
Q

Bureaucracies in which category are expected to make enough money to cover their costs?

A

Government corporation

38
Q

Bureaucrats make policy, using the admin discretion that Congress delegates to them, at the stage of the policy process that is called

A

Policy implementation

39
Q

All of the following are merit principles except

A

A. Competence
B. Open competition
C. Political neutrality
D. Senate confirmation

D

40
Q

Political appointees who work within a govt agency to ensure the integrity of public service by investigating allegations of misconduct by bureaucrats are

A

Inspectors general

41
Q

The hiring system initially used by the fed. Govt which allowed the president to hire anyone he wanted based in whatever qualifications he decided on is

A

The patronage system

42
Q

People hired and paid by private for-profit and nonprofit org. That implement public policy through a govt contract are

A

Shadow bureaucrats

43
Q

The authority delegated to bureaucrats to use their expertise and judgment when determining how to implement policy

A

Admin. Discretion

44
Q

Laws that force the govt to be transparent by holding open meetings and providing citizens with requested info at a reasonable cost are collectively known as

A

Sunshine laws

45
Q

The notion that it is the role of the court to check the power of the fed and state executive and legislative branches when those government entities exceed their authority is called

A

Judicial review

46
Q

The fed court of last resort with a limited original jurisdiction whose decision may not be appealed is called

A

The U.S Supreme Court

47
Q

The middle level of the fed court structure includes

A

Court of appeals

48
Q

Judges who identify prev decided cases with similar facts and then apply the legal principles used in the earlier case to decide the current case

A

Are applying the common law doctrine of stare decisis

49
Q

Laws created by legislators that identifies conduct so harmful to society as a whole that it is prohibited is called

A

Criminal law

50
Q

What type of jurisdiction authorizes a court to review the interpretation and application of law from a previous trial?

A

Appellate jurisdiction

51
Q

Legal principles est by earlier cases are referred to as

A

Precedent

52
Q

A wrongful act involving personal injury or harm to ones property it reputation is called

A

Tort law

53
Q

The practice by which the Supreme Court justices determine if they will hear a case is called

A

The rule of four

54
Q

The document written by a law clerk that identifies the facts of a case filed with the court, the pertinent legal arguments, and a recommendation as to whether the court should hear the case is called

A

A cert memo

55
Q

The type of brief an individual or a group that is not a party to a lawsuit can file to influence the justices’ decisions in a lawsuit is

A

Amicus curiae brief

56
Q

Judges who focus on legal norms and principles as the guiding force in their judicial decision making are following the judicial decision making model known as

A

Legal model

57
Q

A judicial opinion agreeing with how the majority decides the case but disagreeing with at least some of the legal interpretations or conclusions reached by that majority is

A

A concurring opinion

58
Q

A custom that allows senators from the presidents political party to veto the presidents choice of federal district court judges in the senators home state is called

A

Senatorial courtesy

59
Q

Judge-made law grounded in tradition and previous judicial decisions instead of written law is called

A

Common law

Government (4 decks)

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