Test 2 Flashcards
Ch. 4,5,9,10,11,38 & more from Bible & notes
What does Exodus mean in Greek?
“out of the way/the way out”
What does Exodus mean in Hebrew?
again from 1st phrase - “and those are the names of”
What is the outline of Exodus by geographical location?
1 - in Egypt (Ex. 1-12)
2 - in Sinai (13 -18)
3 - at Sinai (19-40, and Lev. and part of #s)
What is the outline of Exodus by Israel’s condition?
1 - slavery (Ex. 1-12)
2 - deliverance (13-18)
3 - covenant (19+)
What is the Theme of Exodus (also the primary theme of Scripture)?
Deliverance of humanity (physical from Egypt slavery and spiritual from sin’s slavery)
What is the general background of the Exodus?/How did they get into their mess?
- Israel’s descent to Egypt (Ex. 1:1-5)
- legacy of Joseph (1:6)
- children of Israel (1:7) = super fruitful
Israel’s ‘abundant increase’ in 1:7 is a fulfillment of which of God’s promises?
to Abraham: You will be the Father of a Great Nation (Gen. 12:2-3)
What was the problem w/Israel’s population explosion in Egypt?
new Pharaoh
- didn’t know/remember/appreciate Joseph
- saw Israel as threat
What solutions did Pharaoh try to use against Israel?
1-enslavement
2-kill Hebrew baby boys at birth (infanticide and genocide)
3-throw Hbb into Nile (ironic; saves Moses who saves Israel)
What are the 3 “arks” in the Bible?
- Noah
- Covenant
- Moses
What are the 2 Hebrew words for “ark” ?
tebah:
- Noah and Moses
- both water vessels
‘aron:
-Covenant
*both = instruments of Salvation
What are the 2 options for the background of Moses’ name?
mosheh:
- Hebrew
- would Pharaoh’s daughter know Hebrew?
mashah:
- “to draw out”
- rare Hebrew
mosis:
- ex. AhMOSIS, ThutMOSIS
- “son of”
What was Moses taught in Pharaoh court?
- reading & writing
- leadership
- military training
- construction
God responded in what 4 ways to Israel’s cries? (2:23-25) ANTHROPOMORPHISM (giving human traits)
1-heard
2-remembered
3-saw
4-knew
What are the 3 points to God’s message in ch. 3?
1-His identity = “God of A, I, and J”
2-His awareness = “seen the affliction of Israel”
3-His deliverance = “will send you to Pharaoh”
What are the 4 objections Moses makes in ch. 3?
1-“Who am I?” = M doesn’t trust God
2-“I don’t know Your name” = M doesn’t KNOW God, name is Character, Reputation, and Nature
3-“They won’t believe me”
4-“I’m not eloquent” = speech impediment?
What are God’s responses to Moses’ 4 objections in ch. 3?
1-“I will be with you” even if you don’t trust
2-“I am who I am” = bit mysterious, related to Tetragrammaton
3-gives 3 signs to foster belief
4-I created your mouth and I will be your mouth
What is the Tetragrammaton?
YHWH (hwhy) = “Yahweh” = prob. “He is” [considered too holy to speak by later Jews, so they substituted in ‘Adonay = “Lord”]
Who is ‘you’ in God’s answer/motivation, “So that YOU may know…” ?
singular: -Pharaoh AND plural: -Egyptians -Israelites
What does it mean to “know” God?
- factual knowledge
- relational knowledge
What are BOTH reasons for plagues?
- convince Pharaoh to let Israelites go [to get Israel out of Egypt]
- to restore relationship with Israel [to get Egypt out of Israel]
Which plague is the ‘Climactic’ and Passover plague?
the 10th
What are the requirements of the 10th plague?
- sacrificial Lamb
- blood on doorposts and lintel
- unleavened bread
- death angel in Egypt
What are the connections between Passover and Easter/the cross?
- lamb w/o blemish
- lamb killed at twilight/sundown
- lamb no broken bones
What is the basic route of the Exodus?
down through Ramses and Goshen, past Succoth and one of the LAKES which is probably the “Red Sea” and down on to Mt. Sinai
What did the “Red Sea” probably actually come from?
a lake meant as “Sea of REEDS”
Taking Solomon’s reign literally, what would the Early Date be of the Exodus?
(960+480=) ca. 1440 bc (prob. Thutmosis III)
Based on Exodus 1:1 and archaeology (cities of Rameses and Pithom), what is the Late Date of the Exodus?
ca. 1280 bc (prob. Ramesses II)
What is the early date for the exodus?
1440
What is the late date for the exodus?
1280
What is theophany and where did it take place/what for?
- a physical appearance of God
- at Sinai to Moses
When God speaks to Moses at Sinai, he uses what type of sentence?
Conditional (if-then)
What are 2 different ANE types of treaties?
- parity
- suzerain-vassal
What are the 5 elements of the SVT?
1-Preamble = S identifies himself
2-Historical Prologue = S identifies past relations between S and V
3-Stipulations = dos and donts of treaty
4-deposits and reading = put in archives, read publicly
5-curses and blessings = curses if disobey, blessings if obey
Why would God use the S-V form?
•Clearly demonstrates: -Yahweh=S -Israel=V -Kingdom of God, God is King •familiar to Israelites •unique concept in history of religion -God makes covenant w/His people
What are the 2 types of OT Law?
- Apodictic=non-conditional=absolute
- Casuistic=conditional=if/then
What are the 2 themes of OT Law?
Laws 1-4=relationship to God
Laws 5-10=relationship to neighbor
What are the 3 elements of murder?
- killing a human being
- unlawfully
- with malice a forethought
What is the purpose of the Commandments?
- establish a new relationship w/God and Israel
- “The main thing is to keep the Main Thing the main thing.”
What is the symbolism of the Tabernacle?
God’s presence is in the midst of Israel
What are the primary themes of Joshua?
- conquest of land of Canaan
- God’s 2nd promise to Abraham fulfilled (idea of J. being part of a Hexateuch vs Pentateuch)
What are the secondary themes of Joshua?
- obedience brings success
- disobedience brings failure [Deuteronomistic history]
What books especially share the Deuteronomistic History, and are referred to as the Former Prophets?
Joshua, Judges, Samuels, Kings (and even belief of Job’s friends)
What is the outline of Joshua?
- invasion and conquest
- division and settlement
- valediction and covenant
What are points of Joshua’s commission?
- Moses is dead
- God’s command “Cross this Jordan”
- God’s promise “I will be with you”
- God’s exhortation -obey the law, you will be successful
Who are the 5 women in Jesus’ genealogy?
- Tamar
- Rahab
- Ruth
- Bathsheba
- Mary
Who stole during the conquest of Ai?
Achan
What is the Canaanite worldview?
Triangle of the gods, humanity, and nature
What are the 4 types of charismatic leaders in the Bible?
- judges
- priests
- kings
- prophets
What is the cycle of apostasy in Judges?
- Israel does evil
- God sends oppressor
- Israel cries out to God
- God raises a deliverer
- Judge defeats oppressor
- land has rest
Who are some key judges and their oppressors?
- Ehud=Moab
- Deborah=Canaanite king Jabin of Hazor
- Gideon=Midianites
- Samson=Philistines
What are the Amarna letters?
an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom
Who were the “Peoples of the Sea” / Peleset?
Philistines
What is the impact/significance of the Merneptah hymn of victory/stele/Israel stele?
It is the oldest evidence for the existence of Israel in the land of Canaan in ancient times outside of the Bible
The book centers upon what two crucial divine acts in Israel’s history?
- God’s deliverance of Israel
- God making a covenant with Israel
What are the 3 primary theological insights in Joshua according to the textbook?
- promise keeping God
- covenantal idea
- achievement of rest
What did the Philistine pentapolis consist of?
- 5 city-states of Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron, and Gath
- seen once as some of Israel’s most dangerous enemies
What are the 3 theological contributions of Judges?
- God is the Savior
- view of history (Deuteronomistic)
- monarchy
What is levirate marriage?
Close relative of widow married her and has a son
How is God’s guidance revealed in Ruth vs in other parts of Bible?
No direct, through prophets, or supernatural contact
What are the 3 parts of the basic message of Ruth?
- God welcomes non-Israelites into Covenant
- hesed = loyalty/go beyond the call of duty
- divine providence and place in larger context of Bible
