Test 2 Flashcards
A main feature of earlier caves of the Ajanta Caves is the presence of sculptured statues of Buddha.
Flase
An uncompleted cave of the Ajanta Caves indicates the decline of Buddhism in India in the 7th century CE
True
The Romans studied a wrecked Carthaginian vessel to build their fleet, which would be used in the Punic War.
True
Among the following, which is an INCORRECT description of the second Punic War?
B. By winning the Cannae Battle, Hannibal took over the city of Rome.
Octavian used Antony’s affair with the Egyptian queen Cleopatra as political propaganda to make the Roman people turn against Antony.
true
Among the following, which belongs to “Romanness,” which spread to colonies and provinces of the Roman Empire?
D all of the above
As the model city of the Roman Empire, the city of Rome was deliberately planned and laid out in a grid pattern.
false
Among the following, which is NOT related to the coliseum (=arena)?
poor people being prohibited from entering the coliseum
Since ESJ van Graan donated the relics of Mapungubwe to University of Pretoria, all these relics have been openly displayed to the public in order to promote the knowledge of ancient African history.
False
Among the following, which is an INCORECCT description of Great Zimbabwe?
b. Great Zimbabwe ruins were the palace of Queen Sheba, which imitated King Solomon’s building in Jerusalem.
Archeologist Gertrude Carton-Thompson’s argument to refute the Bantu origin of Great Zimbabwe was popular among white colonial settlers
false
. The object of the ballgame (pelota) in Chichén Itzá was more religious than recreational.
true
. Before they were influenced by the Toltecs, the Mayans had been known as peaceful “sky-watchers.”
true
. As the Mayan people were the first people of the New World to keep historical records, abundant written documents from the classical period of Maya are available now.
false
Buddhism and Hinduism after the collapse of the Mauryan Empire-
political disunity
growth of Buddhism, decline of Hinduism
Zhou dynasty-
zhou kings rulled core areas
royal family governing large areas.
Age of Warring States
vessel states become independent, seven major states,
sought various thinkers who had good ideas. all had different political, social, and economic systems.
“Hundred Schools of Thought”
blooming of new ideas
the formation pf intellectual history
ideal human and proper human relations
found the roots of political chaos.
Daoism (sage ruler)
major religion in china, means- way or path
philosophy of ideal human life and society. major text is daoejing.
greed/desire is cause of problems.
Confucius / Confucianism
rituals teaching manners,
ideal man- human, wise and brave
promotes harmony of people, devotion to virtue
not a religion, dont focus on afterlife.
the Five Cardinal Relationships
- There should be affection between parent and child.
- There should be righteousness between ruler and minister.
- There should be differentiation between husband and wife.
- There should be precedence between elders and youngers.
- There should be trust between friend and friend.
Teaches subordination and inequality.
Legalism-
adopted by state of quin
unification of china
strong central government, rule by law, rewards and punishments.
Han Fei (=Han Feizi)
i. human beings are inherently selfish and antisocial: coercion to rule people
ii. benevolent government no longer possible in the competitive world of his time
*Antithesis of Confucian thinking
iii. rationalization of administration, managerial techniques, enforcement of severe punitive laws
, reflected on successes and failures of qin.
The First Unification of China (221 BCE)
under legalism, the qin empire.
King Zhen- Qin Shi huangdi(tyrant)
terra cotta warriors
The Qin Empire-
legalism government, moderated(judge)
confusionism state religion.
emperial academy teaching confusionism.
thought control, books destroyed, ruled by tyrant
The Great Wall-
built to combat mongolians. 3100 miles long, took 10 years. 1million laborers.300,000 died.
The First Emperor
Qin Shi huangdi
a. symbols of evil and oppression: tyrant
b. assassination threats
c. later regimes never openly espoused the philosophy and regime of the Qin
The Han Empire (Chinese identity)
more enduring than qin, expansion of territory the golden age of chinese civilization- han chinese -major minority founded by liu bang embraced variety of cultures
The Monarchy (Rome)-
latin
seven kings,2 of last 3 etruscans
city of rome founded under etruscans building program.
The Republic (Rome)
overthrew monarchy
cheif executive officer(priators), senate(300 men), centuriate assembly(army
Century (the Centuriate Assembly)
*century, theoretically 100 fighting men with same kind of weapons and equipment during the era of
monarchy. elected cheif magistrates.
people with higher status and more property 1 vote per.
The First Punic War-
The First Punic War (264-241 BCE)
i. the defeat of the Carthaginian
ii. indemnity to Rome, Sicily became the first Romanian province
The second punic war-
The Second Punic War (218-201 BCE)
i. the Romans encouraged one of Carthage’s Spanish allies to revolt against Carthage
ii. a prominent general of Carthage? Hannible
battle of canna- first battle
zama- won the war for rome.
Carthogen Empirep
Across africa and spain,
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus-
roman general in carthogen empire
The First Triumvirate-
crassus, pompay, Julius cesar.
Julius Caesar-
dictator of rome, assinated
The Second Triumvirate-
octavion, mark anthony , marcus lepidus
Octavius (=Octavian)-
heir to rome, created a monarchy, fought anthony
The Battle of Actium (31 BCE)
mark anthony abandoned his troops, octavian won the naval battle,
Augustus
Augustus (“the revered one”)
Augustus as Rome’s first emperor
Augustus’s regime as the *Principate
Princeps
Princeps (“the first head”)
The Pax Romana-
was the long period of relative peace and minimal expansion by the Roman military force experienced by the Roman Empire after the end of the Final War of the Roman Republic and before the beginning of the Crisis of the Third Century.
Culture of the Roman Empire-
i. Greek tutors, studying in Athens, educated Greek slaves
ii. Greek language, literature, and philosophy
iii. the idea of liberal education (humanitas): the root of our concept of the humanities
greco roman,
Judaism-
mankind to god, deniede false gods
Christianity-
branch of judism, jesus, romans didnt like.
Jesus-
palestine jew, galilee, teachings ethical concepts,
Christianity and the Roman Empire
nero killed, constantine liked,
Emperor Constantine (= Constantine the Great)
first christian emperor, still worshiped other gods, political reasons.
Patriarchy-
erosion of equality, cast, slavery, gender system. dualistic gender system.
Eunuch-
men whos genitals had been removed.
Jenné-jeno-
civilization along the niger river, craft production.
one of the largest trade hubs in africa. 40,000 people
clustered urban centers with specialized groups.
Bantu Africa-
linguistic, economic, and cultural mixture: shaping southern Africa
b. cultivating a variety of crops led to the growth of the population, causing a need for new land to farm
c. occupying most of Africa south of equator by 300 CE: pushing off foraging and hunting populations to
agriculturally marginal areas (ex) the Khoisan people, Pygmies
d. the establishment of kingdom of Zimbabwe by 1,000 CE: “Great Zimbabwe” (capital)
The Mesoamerican Civilizations
americas, not unified, maze
Teotihuacan-
one of the largest cities on the planet . planned city, pyramids, 12 square miles. 150000 people. may preceeded the aztecs. 30 miles from mexico. collapse because used up all recources. obsidian.
Maya Civilization-
. city-states sharing cultural and religious elements
b. constant rivalry, conflict, and warfare b/w kingdoms
c. incapability to hand the types of common crises (ex) ecological destruction
