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Basic Audiology > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the conductive portions of the ear?

A

outer and middle ear

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2
Q

What is the sensory portion of the ear?

A

inner ear

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3
Q

What are the 5 steps of an AC threshold search?

A
  1. tone presented 10 dB below where the patient responded during familiarization.
  2. The level of the tone is raised in 5 dB steps until the patient responds.
  3. the tone is then decreased by 10 dB and presented again
  4. The level of the tone is then raised 5 dB until the patient responds
  5. steps 2 & 3 are repeated until patient responds at the same frequency 50% of the time.
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4
Q

What are the frequencies an AC threshold search should be made at?

A
  • initial test frequency should be 1000 Hz.
  • follow in order, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000
  • retest 1000 Hz
  • test 500, 250, and 125 Hz
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5
Q

What are the procedures for BC testing?

A
  • procedures are basically the same as AC thresholds.
  • frequencies: 1000, 2000, 4000, retest at 1000, 500 and 250 Hz
  • Can start in either ear (vibration of the skull will result in about equal stimulation of both cochleas)
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6
Q

What are the thresholds for Normal Hearing?

A
  • 0-25 dB HL
  • With children hearing loss greater than 15 dB may interfere with speech and language acquisition
  • usually no noticeable impairment in adults.
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7
Q

What are the thresholds for Mild Hearing Loss?

A
  • 26-40 dB HL
  • Simulate the experience by closing off the tragus
  • Can miss 25% to 40% of speech signal
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8
Q

What are the thresholds for Moderate hearing loss?

A
  • 41-70 dB HL
  • Can miss up to 80% of average level conversational speech (50 db HL)
  • impact on speech and language development
  • Impact on social/emotional growth
  • Impact on adults; social interaction, depression
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9
Q

What are the thresholds for severe hearing loss?

A
  • 71-90 dB HL
  • Miss about 100% of average conversational speech
  • Timely intervention critical
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10
Q

What are the thresholds for Profound hearing loss?

A
  • greater than 91 dB HL
  • Can miss 100% of all speech
  • Early intervention for child is a MUST
  • accessibility to sound with and without devices (hearing aids, CI or both)
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11
Q

What are the 6 different audiogram configurations of the various hearing loss types?

A

flat, rising, sloping, precipitous, 4000 Hz Notch, corner audiogram

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12
Q

Define conductive hearing loss

A

occurs when sound waves do not reach the inner ear

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13
Q

Define Sensorineural hearing loss

A
  • occurs when sound waves are not processed correctly

- damage occurring in the inner ear

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14
Q

Audiogram results are interpreted in terms of what?

A
  • amount of hearing by air conduction (tests the entire auditory pathway)
  • Amount of hearing by bone conduction (tests the inner ear and auditory nerve only)
  • Relationship between air and bone conduction. (difference between the AC and BC results implies a problem with the conductive system, known as an air-bone gap)
  • AC-BC = ABG
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15
Q

What should you look for on a sensorineural hearing loss audiogram?

A
  • hearing loss in both AC and BC thresholds

- No ABG = Thresholds of AC and BC thresholds are within 10 dB of each other

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16
Q

What should you look for on a conductive hearing loss audiogram?

A
  • Normal BC thresholds
  • hearing loss in AC thresholds
  • ABG = Difference between BC and AC thresholds is greater than 10 dB
17
Q

What should you look for on a mixed hearing loss audiogram?

A
  • BC and AC thresholds show a hearing loss

- ABG = difference between BC and AC thresholds is greater than 10 dB

18
Q

What is Pure Tone Average (PTA)?

A

The average threshold levels for each ear at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz (add and divide!)

19
Q

What is mixed hearing loss?

A

a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, occurring simultaneously in the same ear. Air conduction results will be poorer than bone conduction results

20
Q

What is a threshold and how do you find it?

A

In audiometry, the level at which a stimulus, such as a pure tone, which is barely perceptible. Usually clinical criteria demand that the level be just high enough for the subject to be aware of the sound at lear 50% of the time it is presented.

21
Q

What is the air unmasked symbol for the right and left?

A 
right = O
left = X
22
Q

What is the air masked symbol for the right and left ears?

A 
Right = Triangle
Left = Square
23
Q

What is the bone unmasked symbol for the right and left ear?

A

right =

24
Q

What is the bone masked symbol for the right and left ear?

A 
right = [
left = ]
25
Q

What is the sound field symbol for the right and left ear?

A 
Right = S
Left = S
26
Q

What is the Aided symbol for the right and left ear?

A 
right = A
left = A
27
Q

What is cross hearing?

A

The reception of a sound signal during a hearing test at the ear opposite the ear being tested

  • it is possible for the stimulus to travel from the poorer ear to the better ear
  • can occur when testing by air conduction, bone conduction and speech testing
28
Q

Define interaural attenuation (IA)

A

as sound travels from one side of the head to the other, a certain amount of energy is lost in transmission. This varies with frequency (Hz) and individual patients

29
Q

What is the IA for air conduction when using supra aural headphones or insert headphones?

A

supra aural headphones = 40 dB

insert headphones = 60 dB

30
Q

What is the IA for bone conduction?

A

0 dB

31
Q

Define Masking

A

The presentation of sound to the contest ear that prevents the patients form hearing the test sound in that ear

32
Q

Define TE

A

Test Ear (the ear currently being tested)

33
Q

Define NTE

A

Non-Test Ear (the ear not currently being tested)

34
Q

What are some benefits of using insert earphones?

A

They help block out sound better and are often more comfortable to wear for the patient

Basic Audiology (2 decks)

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