Test 2 Flashcards
What is the best lab test to look at malnutrition
Prealbumin
What is a normal albumin level
3.4-5.4 g/dL
What does albumin look at
Malnutrition over time
What is a normal protein value
60-80 g/dL
What is protein a good indicator of
Certain disease processes
Normal ammonia level
Below 50 mcg/ dL
How do we get rid of ammonia in the body?
Lactalose…laxative because you are clearing ammonia out of system through stools it decreases ammonia level
What is generally the time difference between acute and chronic pain
3 months
What medication is given to treat delirium
Haloperidol
Does somebody with chemical paralysis know what’s going on?
YES!
What does a neuromuscular blockade do?
Chemical paralysis it does nothing for pain or awareness! So you also need to sedate the patient as well. Used to facilitate intubation and mechanical ventilation, decrease ICP, and facilitate bedside procedures
What do you have to watch for with elderly on opioids
Renal or hepatic insufficiency because they are not clearing things correctly so they may need smaller doses
Nursing action with opioids
RESPIRATIONS
Opioid reversal agent
Naloxone (Narcan)
Adverse effects of NSAIDs
Gi bleed, platelet inhibition, renal insufficiency
What patients do you not administer NSAIDs to?
Asthma or aspirin sensitivity
What patients do you use caution with acetaminophen
Hepatic dysfunction
What is the max dose of Tylenol you can take in one day
4 grams
What percentage of blood loss is 1 L?
25%
How can you estimate blood loss?
Systolic BP less than 100 and postural change greater than 10 and/or HR is over 120 you can estimate 1,000 ml blood loss
What does IV albumin do
Pull fluid into vascular space
What is a normal INR
Around 1
What is a normal platelet count
150-400
What to do with ischemic pain?
Restore blood flow..fluid. 0.9 normal saline
What is propofol
IV general anesthetic but lower dose = sedative effect. Rapid onset and short duration. Needs its own line. May result in hypotension, bradycardia, and pain at infusion site
Normal prealbumin level
19-38 my/dL
Why is Pepcid used
To prevent ulcers
What are the three treatments of sickle cell
Fluids, pain control, oxygen
What is the most common type of sickle cell crisis
Vado-occlusive crisis…it is extremely painful
What clotting factor is lacking with hemophilia A
8
What clotting factor is lacking with hemophilia B
9
What clotting factor is lacking with hemophilia C
11
What is biggest concern with hemophilia
Bleeding
What is ITP
Immune thrombocytopenia purpura…increased destruction of platelets in the spleen
What is the most common bleeding disorder in children
ITP
What is train of four
Used to check sedation..Nerve stimulation of facial or ulnar nerve look at level of twitching to see amount of sedation patient needs
What is virchows triad
Venous stasis, altered coagulability, damage to vessel wall
What are most Pulmonary embolus caused by
Dvt in lower extremity
