Test 2

Question 0

What are the different shapes of the orbitals in the s and p sub shells?

Answer 0

S is a sphere shape and p is a dumb bell shape.

Question 1

What are the names of the sub shells that the electrons are grouped in? What are their max amount of electrons each sub shell.

Answer 1

S- 2
P-6
D-10
F-14

Question 2

What’re the horizontal and vertical rows and columns on the periodic table called?

Answer 2

Horizontal rows-periods

Vertical columns-groups

Question 3

Alkali metals

Answer 3

First column

All react rapidly with water to form flammable h2 gas

Question 4

Alkaline metals

Answer 4

2nd column

Reacts with water

Question 5

Halogens

Answer 5

Column 17 and end in “ine”
Colorful and corrosive non metals
All found in nature and are very reactive

Question 6

Noble gases

Answer 6

Group 18
Colorless gasses
Very low chemical reactivity
No smell or taste

Question 7

Valance shell

Answer 7

Outermost highest energy shell.

Question 8

Difference between cation and anion.

Answer 8

Cation is a positively charged Ion. (Ca+tion)

Anion is a negatively charged ion.

Question 9

Opposite electrical charges __________ each other, like charges ________ each other.

Answer 9

A. Attract

B. Repel

Question 10

Mass number

Answer 10

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Question 11

Atomic number

Answer 11

The number of protons in each atom of an element.

Question 12

Isotopes

Answer 12

Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers.

Question 13

Atomic weight

Answer 13

The weighted average of an elements atoms in a large sample that includes all the naturally occurring isotopes of that atom.

Question 14

Electron configuration

Answer 14

The exact arrangement of electrons in atoms shells and sub shells.

Question 15

Polar covalent bonds

Answer 15

A bond in which the bonding electrons are attracted more strongly by one atom than the other and thus shared unequally

Question 16

Electronegativity

Answer 16

The ability of an atom to attract electrons shared in bonds.

Question 17

Pyramidal molecule

Answer 17

In chemistry, a trigonal pyramid is a molecular geometry with one atom at the apex and three atoms at the corners of a trigonal base.

Question 18

Covalent bond

Answer 18

The bond formed when atoms share electrons.

Question 19

Molecule

Answer 19

A group held together by covalent bonds

Question 20

Diatomic molecules

Answer 20

N2
O2
F2
Cl2
Br2
I2

Question 21

Coordinate covalent bond

Answer 21

The covalent bond that forms when both electrons are donated by the same atom.

Question 22

What two subatomic particles are found packed together in the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 22

Protons and neutrons

Question 23

What do noble gases react with?

Answer 23

Nothing

Question 24

Atoms are electrically neutral because the number of ____________ equals the number of _________.

Answer 24

A. Protons

B. Electrons

Question 25

By gaining or losing one or more electrons, however, an atom can be converted into a charged particle called what?

Answer 25

Ion

Question 26

When an atom has a negative charge you ______ an ion called _________.

Answer 26

Add

Cation

Question 27

Ionization energy

Answer 27

The energy required to remove from a single atom in the gaseous state.

Question 28

Electron affinity

Answer 28

The energy released on adding to a single atom in the gaseous state.

Question 29

What direction on the periodic table do ionization energy and electron affinity values increase?

Answer 29

Left to right

Question 30

Who has the lowest IE and EA and loses electrons most easily? And who has the highest IE and EA and gain electrons most easily?

Answer 30

A. Alkali metals

B. Halogens

Question 31

The noble gases neither gain or lose an electron easily. Why?

Answer 31

They have high IE values and low EA values

Question 32

Main group elements typical form ionic or covalent bonds? Why?

Answer 32

Covalent.

Because they lack a strong preference to lose or gain electrons.

Question 33

Ionic compound are observed for having high what because their attractive forces are extremely strong?

Answer 33

Melting and boiling points

Question 34

Polyatomic ions

Answer 34

Ions that are composed of more than one atom.

IE: sulfate ion