Test 2

Question 0

Feudal Contract

Answer 0

Noble binds themselves to a more powerful lord who provides land and protection. The vassal, or lesser noble, provides military service or court service in return.

Question 1

The Crowning of Charlemagne

Answer 1

Pope Leo III asked Charlemagne for help with rebellious nobles in Rome. Charlemagne helped by sending a delegation to arrest Leo’s opponents. On Christmas Day in the year 800, the pope showed his gratitude by making Charlemagne Emperor of Rome. This deepened the split eastern and western Christian worlds.

Question 2

Fief

Answer 2

An estate of land, held on condition of a feudal contract.

Question 3

Popes in The Middle Ages

Answer 3

Spiritual leaders of Western Christian Church based in Rome. Eventually claimed Papal Supremacy, rule over ALL secular things.

Question 4

The Agricultural Revolution

Answer 4

New farm technology spurred an agricultural revolution making more food which increased population. 1000 AD. New technology includes iron plows and better harnesses for work beasts.

Question 5

Guilds

Answer 5

Formed by merchants and artisans, guilds decided what taxes to pay, whether to pave roads, and passed laws in small towns. Craft guilds emerged which were made for specific job types with the purpose of protecting its workers economically. You had to apprentice to become a guild member.

Question 6

The “Power of The Purse”

Answer 6

Ability of one group to manipulate and control the actions of another group by withholding funding, or putting stipulations on the use of lands.

Question 7

The Justinian Code

Answer 7

Collection of Roman law into a single volume by Justinian, Emperor of Byzantium. Completed 534 AD it is still the basis for today’s legal codes.

Question 8

Differences Between Roman Christianity and Eastern Orthodoxy

Answer 8

Roman: Priests cannot marry, communion for all, no idols, regular cross
Orthodox: Priests can get married, communion for members only, idolize pictures, cross with foot piece

Question 9

Mongols and Moscow

Answer 9

Genghis Khan and his mounted mongol bowman overran China to Eastern Europe.
Moscow became a center of trade for Russia because it was near river trade routes. They also used their positions as tribute collectors for the Mongols to subdue neighboring towns. Eventually Moscow was made Capitol, which also made it religious center.

Question 10

Ottoman Technology

Answer 10

Canons for warfare

Question 11

Habeas Corpus

Answer 11

Cannot be imprisoned without just reasoning, and must receive a fair trial by jury for crimes.

Question 12

The Safavid Empire (Geographically)

Answer 12

Mainly in Persia

Question 13

Shah Abbas

Answer 13

Shah=King
Revived glory of ancient Persia. From 1588-1629 centralized government and made a string military force. Used a mixture of force and diplomacy against the Ottomans. He also sought alliances with European states that feared Ottoman power. Reduced taxes on farmers and herders. Built new capitol as Isfahan. He had a settlement built for Christians just outside the capitol where they governed themselves.

Question 14

Prince Vladimir

Answer 14

Byzantine Christianity spread a lot under Vladimir. Married sister of Byzantine empiror. Began to align kingdom with Byzantine in every aspect: architecture, religion, and politics.

Question 15

Ivan The Terrible

Answer 15

Ivan IV originally, grandson of Ivan the Great. Centralized power and traded land for milatary. In 1560 became unstable and killed his own son. Organized Oprichniki, agents of terror to enforce tsar’s will Called terrible due to his awesome power. Died in 1584 and left a land seething in rebellion, but he introduced Russia into extreme absolutely power that would shape Russia well into the 19th century.