Test 2 Flashcards
Ideal types of Leadership Styles
1.Initiator 2.Maintaining Leader 3.Protecting Leader
The power to organize followers in support of common objectives
Definition of Leadership
Takes the initiative to solve problems. He/she offers fresh new ideas and plans to the public to solve problems. (e.g. JFK, FDR)
Initiator
Their major desire is to uphold the established order by reinforcing traditionally accepted patters of political, social, and economic behavior by government and citizens alike. A conservative style of “housekeeping government” with efficient management and keeping things in order, given priority over innovation. (e.g. Nixon in domestic policy; George H.W. Bush)
Maintaining Leader
Stirs up fear by exaggerating or creating threats to the individual and to the state. This encourages a protecting style of leadership. To provide security, such leaders offer a return to a stable and predictable past depicted in National Myths. Criticism is aimed especially at the innovation initiator and intellectuals who advocate departure from tradition. The follower is reduced to acclaiming the leader and his plan of survival.
Protecting Leader
Consists of the opinions of groups and individuals that govt’s must consider
Public opinion
Those in the American Public who are not interested, not motivated, and certainly not active regarding any public policy issue. According to researchers in the last 20 to 30 years, they’ve averaged approx 4% of US pop
Chronic know-nothing’s
Those who are not interested, not motivated, and not active regarding a particle public policy issue. However, the same people are more than like interested in some other issue(s) (e.g. Taxes. Affirmative action, immigration).
General Public
Those who ARE interested, motivated, and/or active regarding a particular issue(s). They go out and seek information on their own regarding those specific issues; usually from the corporate sponsored mass-media (Network TV, Talk Radio, etc)
Attentive Public
Those who ARE interested, motivated, and/or active regarding a particular issue(s). They go out and seek information on their own regarding those specific issues; usually from the corporate sponsored mass-media (Network TV, Talk Radio, etc). In addition, they often have access to primary sources and access to the inner councils of govt. they also make news and public policy, and analyze and interpret these for the rest of the public, thereby helping to shape public opinion. Consists of two sub categories.
Opinion Making Public
The 2 Opinion Making Public sub-categories
Policy makers. Opinion makers.
An organized group of people with a common interest competing with other groups for influence over public policy
Interest Group
Types of interest groups
Business. Labor. Agriculture. Professional Associations. Veteran’s groups. Religious groups. Ethnic groups. Gender groups. Reform groups. Consumer groups. Public interest groups.
Most numerous, most powerful, most influential and can be divided into Big Corporate Business (has most of power) e.g. National Association of Manufacturers and Small Business e.g. local Chamber of Commerce
Business
AFL-CIO(America Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organization) is the trans-union spokesperson for organized labor
Labor
Big Agribusiness- very powerful e.g. American Farm Bureau Federation
Small family farmers- not as influential e.g. National Farmers Union
Agriculture
AMA, ADA, ABA- members high I come and educational levels make them more politically powerful than their members would warrant.
Professional Associations
Were more powerful and gained more benefits from the 1940s-1960s than in recent times. GI Bill, VA Benefits, Housing, Medical, and Educational Benefits etc. have been reduced, or have not been increased to keep up with expanded need
Veterans groups
Institutional and Associational. The Religious Right is more organized and influential than the Religious Left at present.
Religious Groups
Only as powerful as they are organized and active politically. (NAACP, AIPAC).
Ethnic Groups
National Organization for Women and the National Women’s Political Caucus have and are continuing to work hard for equal rights and greater political power for American women.
Gender Groups
