test 2

Question 1

the residents in the area from which an official is elected

Answer 1

constituency

Question 2

a tactic used by members of the senate to prevent action on legislation they oppose by continuously holding the floor and speaking until the majority backs down. unlimited time to speak

Answer 2

filibuster

Question 3

a rule allowing a majority of 2/3 or 3/5 of the members of a legislative body to set a time limit on debate over a given bill. in the us senate, 60 senators must agree in order to impose such a limit

Answer 3

cloture

Question 4

length of house term?

Answer 4

2 years

Question 5

length of senate term?

Answer 5

6 years

Question 6

what are the powers of congress?

Answer 6

to tax, to spend, set up lower courts, interstate commerce

Question 7

Differences b/w the house and senate?

Answer 7

• house-less time to debate, collective agency, size and length, speaker of house more powerful
• senate-powerful people, more debate, size and length

Question 8

Why is congress stagnate?

Answer 8

• high levels of people reelected

- Why?-members redraw district lines (for more voters), incumbency power, name recognition, free mail

Question 9

What are the keys to power in congress?

Answer 9

• party power-control chamber.

- party needs to win most seats, good standing with leaders, right committees, understand rules and procedures.

Question 10

a representative who votes according to the preferences of his or her constituency

Answer 10

delegate

Question 11

a representative who votes based on what he or she thinks is best for his or her constituency

Answer 11

trustee

Question 12

What are standing committees?

Answer 12

they propose and pass legislation

Question 13

What are some of the responsibilities of congressional leaders?

Answer 13

• decide which bills are most important

- assign members of congress to committees

Question 14

What is the trend in presidential vetoes since the 50s?

Answer 14

declining steadily

Question 15

a provision by the house rules committee limiting or prohibiting the introduction of amendments during debate

Answer 15

closed rule/debate

Question 16

a provision by the house rules committee that permits floor debate and the addition of new amendments to a bill

Answer 16

open rule/debate

Question 17

a resolution of congress that the president can send troops into action abroad only by authorization of congress, or if amerian troops are already under attack or serious threat

Answer 17

war powers resolution

Question 18

an agreement, made between the president and another country, that has the force of a treaty but does not require the senates ‘advice and consent’

Answer 18

executive agreement

Question 19

the claim that confidential communications between a president and close advisers would not be revealed without the consent of the president.

Answer 19

executive privilege

Question 20

a rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect and formal status of legislation

Answer 20

executive order

Question 21

how does a president build political capital?

Answer 21

bully pulpit- go out and tackle issues (top person of gov’t)

Question 22

what is tendency of a presidential popularity?

Answer 22

most come in with a lot of support, then support falls later

Question 23

what are the powers granted to the president by constitution or delegated by congress?

Answer 23

to enforce law, to appoint justices, head of military

Question 24

what is important issue to maintaining presidential popularity?

Answer 24

the economy is connected with the approval rating

Question 25

the complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization that are employed by all large scale institutions to coordinate the work of their personnel.

Answer 25

bureaucracy

Question 26

what do bureaucrats do?

Answer 26

they fill in the blanks by determining how the laws should be implemented.

Question 27

the notice and comment period for bureaucrats

Answer 27

rulemaking

Question 28

adjudication

Answer 28

administrative law judges

Question 29

what is the public administration?

Answer 29

people, process that carry out things. pres cant do everything himself

Question 30

what is the trend in federal civil servant employment

Answer 30

gradually decreasing compared to entire workforce

Question 31

who really controls the PADM?

Answer 31

congress, they control budget

Question 32

what policies receive the largest part of budget?

Answer 32

social security, defense, deficit on our debt-89 percent

Question 33

what do federal executive agencies do?

Answer 33

rulemaking

Question 34

what is the ‘iron triangle’?

Answer 34

congress (armed service committee) department of defense, space admin, energy) defense contractors.
-cooperative relationship that often develops among a congressional committee, and they just support eachother.

Question 35

the power of the courts to review and, if necessary, declare actions of the legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitutional

Answer 35

judicial review

Question 36

judicial philosophy whose adherents refuse to go beyond the clear words of the constitution in interpreting the document’s meaning.
-protect status quo

Answer 36

judicial restraint

Question 37

judicial philosophy that posits that the court should go beyond the words of the constitution or a statute to consider the broader societal implication of its decisions.
-overturn expand constitution

Answer 37

judicial activism

Question 38

court to hear an appeal of a lower case

Answer 38

appellate court

Question 39

where are most cases heard?

Answer 39

state trial courts

Question 40

explains its decisions in terms of body of common law

Answer 40

supreme court

Question 41

what are the different types of law?

Answer 41

criminal, civil, public

Question 42

how do cases make it to the USSC?

Answer 42

work your way up to state or fed. four judges have to say yes.