Test #2

Question 1

Vague

Answer 1

when a word has a meaning that is fuzzy and inexact.

Question 2

Overgenerality

Answer 2

when a words information they provide is too broad and unspecific

Question 3

Ambigous

Answer 3

when a word has two or more distinct meanings and the context does not make clear which meaning is intended.

Question 4

Syntactical Ambiguities

Answer 4

When the ambiguities result from grammar or word order

Question 5

Semantic Ambiguities

Answer 5

When the ambiguity result from uncertainty about the meaining of an invidual word or phrase

Question 6

Verbal Dispute

Answer 6

when people appear to disagree on an issue but in actuality have simply not resolved the ambuiguity of a key term.

Question 7

Factual Dispute

Answer 7

When opponents disagreee not over the meanings of words but over the relevant facts

Question 8

Stipulative Definition

Answer 8

when a completely new word is creaded or an old word is used in an entirely new way

Question 9

Persuasive Definition

Answer 9

when an arguer defines a term in an effort to persuade a reader or listerner to agree with the arguer’s point of view regarding the thing being defined.

Question 10

Lexical Definition

Answer 10

when it states the conventional, dictionary meaning of a word

Question 11

Precising Definitions

Answer 11

is intended to make a vague word more precise to that the word’s meaning is not left tot ehinterpretation of the reader or listener.

Question 12

Ostensive Definitions

Answer 12

when one just points out the thing they are defining

Question 13

Enumerative Definition

Answer 13

when you provide specific examples of what the word refers to

Question 14

Definition by Subclass

Answer 14

assigns a meaning to a word by listing subclasses of the general class to which the word refers to.

Question 15

Etymological Definition

Answer 15

When the meaning of a word changes over a period of time (like the word gay before it meant happy now it means someone whom is homosexual)

Question 16

Synonymous Definition

Answer 16

assigns a meaning to a word by offering a synonym, another word that has the same meaning as the word being defined.

Question 17

Definition by Genus and Difference

Answer 17

assigns a meaning to a word by identifying a general class (genus) to which things named by a word belong and then specifying a differentiating quality (difference) that distinguishes those things from all other things in the class. (Exp: Buck means male deer)

Question 18

Don’t make definition TOO broad or TOO narrow

Answer 18

a good definition applies to all and only the things being defined

Question 19

Convey the essential meaning of the word being defined

Answer 19

a good definition should do more than just pick out some uniquely identifying properties of the thing being defined

Question 20

Provide a context for ambigious words

Answer 20

should indicate the context in which an ambigious word is being used

Question 21

Avoid slanted definitions

Answer 21

Avoid biased or emotionally charged definitions that improperly play on the emotions or attitudes of an audience

Question 22

Avoid Figurative Definitions

Answer 22

a good definition should express clearly the conventional meaning of a word, not be couched in figurative or metaphorical language

Question 23

Avoid Needlessly Obscure Definitions

Answer 23

a good definition should clarify the meaning of a word for someone who may be unfamiliar with the term (CANNOT include big words that readers won’t understand)

Question 24

Avoid circular Definitions

Answer 24

a good definition is circular if a person would need to know what the defined word means in order to uncderstand the word or words used to define it.

Question 25

Denotation

Answer 25

literal meaning of a word

Question 26

Connotation

Answer 26

images and feelings that are associated with the word.

Question 27

Euphenisms

Answer 27

are mild or evasive words that take the palce of harsh, blunt, or taboo words.