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Biology Field & Lab Spring 2014 Koerner > Test #2 > Flashcards

Test #2 Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the common representatives of Kingdom Monera?

A

Bacteria

Cyanobacteria (Blue Green Bacteria)

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1
Q

What is the most basic Kingdom?

A

Monera

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2
Q

Are the organisms in Kingdom Monera prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

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3
Q

How many cells do organisms in the Kingdom Monera have?

A

1 cell

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4
Q

Do organisms in the Kingdom Monera have cell walls?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Monera autotrophic or heterotrophic?

A

Bacteria - Heterotrophic

Cyanobacteria - Autotrophic

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6
Q

What is the ideal environment for organisms in the Kingdom Monera?

A

Moist and warm, usually in water

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7
Q

What role does Kingdom Monera play in the ecosystem?

A

Bacteria - Decomposer

Cyanobacteria - Producer

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8
Q

Complexity of the Kingdom Monera?

A

Simple, no nucleus

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9
Q

What is the second Kingdom in order from simple to complex?

A

Protista

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10
Q

Name the 3 subgroups in Kingdom Protista.

A

Plant-like - Algae
Animal-like - Protozoans
Fungi - Slime Mold, Water Mold

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11
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista prokaryotic and eukaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

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12
Q

How many cells do the organisms in the Kingdom Protista have?

A

1 cell

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13
Q

Do the organisms in the Kingdom Protista have a cell wall?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista autotrophic or heterotrophic?

A

Autotrophic - Algae

Heterotrophic - Everything else

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15
Q

Where are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista most commonly found?

A

Mostly in water

Except for Slime Mold (terrestrial)

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16
Q

What are the roles of the organisms in the Kingdom Protista?

A

Algae - producer
Protozoans - consumer
Slime Mold - decomposer

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17
Q

What is the complexity of Kingdom Protista?

A

Simple Complexity

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18
Q

What are the movement options for the Kingdom Protista?

A

Flagella
Cilia
Amoeboid
“Pseudo-poda” - “foot”

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19
Q

What are the 2 forms of dormancy for Slime Mold?

A

Sclerotia - dry dormancy

Spores

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20
Q

What do you add to Sclerotia to make a Slime Mold active?

A

Water and Food

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21
Q

If Slime Mold runs out of water, it turns into _________, if it runs out of food, it turns into _________.

A

Sclerotia

Sporangia

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22
Q

Beginning with Heploid Spore explain the multiplication of chromosome copies.

A

Two Heploid cells (1n) (1n) -> moist environment -> the two Heploid cells become active and change shape
{1n} {1n} -> {{1n}{1n}} -> {2n} -> the cycle repeats {{2n}{2n}} ->
{{2n}{2n}{2n}{2n}} forming a multinucleate cell

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23
Q

What are the 7 main types of Algae?

A 
Golden Brown Algae
Yellow Green Algae
Dinoflagellates
Euglenophyta
Brown Algae
Red Algae
Green Algae
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24
Q

What are the cell walls of Diatoms and Desmids made of? What do humans use it to make?

A

Silica

Humans use it to make glass

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25
Q

The cell walls of Desmids and Diatoms do not compose, therefore what happens when the organisms die?

A

The “bodies” sink to the bottom and begin to build up over time, forming DIATOMACEOUS EARTH

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26
Q

Where is diatomaceous earth found in human products?

A

Toothpaste
Cleansers
Gardening Chemicals
Road Paint (it’s reflective)

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27
Q

Does every body of water have the same collection of diatoms?

A

No, each body of water has a different collection and can be used to solve crimes.

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28
Q

What are Golden Brown and Yellow Green Algae made up of?

A

Diatoms and Desmids

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29
Q

Break down the word Dinoflagellates.

A

“Di” - two
“Dino” - terrible
“Flagellate” - to whip

30
Q

How do Dinoflagellates move?

A

Two flagella

31
Q

What is a “red tide”?

A

A population explosion of dinoflagellates
Turns the water a reddish color during these events
Kills fish because dinoflagellates make a toxin which makes humans sick as well, it can be fatal
Not all dinoflagellates give off toxin

32
Q

What is the main organism in the Euglenophyta Algae?

A

Euglena

33
Q

What are the characteristics of Euglenophyta Algae?

A 
No cell wall
Eye spot
Chlorophyll
"Plant & animal-like"
Can switch between autotrophic and heterotrophic
34
Q

What are organisms that belong in the Brown Algae classification?

A

Large seaweeds and other marine plants

35
Q

What is Brown Algae produce and how do humans use it?

A

Agar and as glue

36
Q

How long can a blade of kelp get?

A

100 feet long

37
Q

What are characteristics of Red Algae?

A

Marine
Edible
Autotrophic - chlorophyll has red pigments

38
Q

What does Red Algae produce and how do humans use it?

A

Carrageenan - ice cream, make-up

“Smoothing agent”

39
Q

What is the largest group of Algae?

A

Green Algae

40
Q

Why is Green Algae so closely related to plants?

A

Because it has the same chlorophyll,

Chlorophyll A & B

41
Q

What is the type of Green Algae that was taken to space and why?

A

Chlorella

It produces oxygen for astronauts, is edible, and easily grows with photosynthesis

42
Q

In what kingdom do yeast and mushrooms belong to?

A

Kingdom Fungi

43
Q

Is the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

44
Q

Do the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi have cell walls? If so, what are they made of?

A

Yes made of Chitin

45
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi heterotrophic or autotrophic?

A

Heterotrophic

46
Q

What is the best environment for the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi?

A

Moist and warm

47
Q

How many cells make up the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi?

A

1 cell

48
Q

What is the main role for the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi?

A

Decomposer

49
Q

What is the complexity for the Kingdom Fungi?

A

Moderate

50
Q

What foods to the Kingdom Fungi help make?

A

Cheese
Alcohol
Bread
Mushrooms

51
Q

What kind of medicines do the Kingdom Fungi make?

A

Antibiotics like penicillin

52
Q

Why do fungi fight against bacteria?

A

Bacteria and fungi compete for same food

Fungi uses antibacterial to kill competitor (chemical warfare)

53
Q

What are most human diseases caused by? Plant diseases?

A

Bacteria

Fungi

54
Q

Is there any human diseases caused by fungi?

A

Yes, Athlete’s Foot

55
Q

Are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista autotrophic or heterotrophic?

A

Autotrophic - Algae

Heterotrophic - Everything else

56
Q

Where are the organisms in the Kingdom Protista most commonly found?

A

Mostly in water

Except for Slime Mold (terrestrial)

57
Q

What are the roles of the organisms in the Kingdom Protista?

A

Algae - producer
Protozoans - consumer
Slime Mold - decomposer

58
Q

What is the complexity of Kingdom Protista?

A

Simple Complexity

59
Q

What are the movement options for the Kingdom Protista?

A

Flagella
Cilia
Amoeboid
“Pseudo-poda” - “foot”

60
Q

What are the 2 forms of dormancy for Slime Mold?

A

Sclerotia - dry dormancy

Spores

61
Q

What do you add to Sclerotia to make a Slime Mold active?

A

Water and Food

62
Q

If Slime Mold runs out of water, it turns into _________, if it runs out of food, it turns into _________.

A

Sclerotia

Sporangia

63
Q

Beginning with Heploid Spore explain the multiplication of chromosome copies.

A

Two Heploid cells (1n) (1n) -> moist environment -> the two Heploid cells become active and change shape
{1n} {1n} -> {{1n}{1n}} -> {2n} -> the cycle repeats {{2n}{2n}} ->
{{2n}{2n}{2n}{2n}} forming a multinucleate cell

64
Q

What are the 7 main types of Algae?

A 
Golden Brown Algae
Yellow Green Algae
Dinoflagellates
Euglenophyta
Brown Algae
Red Algae
Green Algae
65
Q

What are the cell walls of Diatoms and Desmids made of? What do humans use it to make?

A

Silica

Humans use it to make glass

66
Q

The cell walls of Desmids and Diatoms do not compose, therefore what happens when the organisms die?

A

The “bodies” sink to the bottom and begin to build up over time, forming DIATOMACEOUS EARTH

67
Q

Where is diatomaceous earth found in human products?

A

Toothpaste
Cleansers
Gardening Chemicals
Road Paint (it’s reflective)

68
Q

Does every body of water have the same collection of diatoms?

A

No, each body of water has a different collection and can be used to solve crimes.

69
Q

What are Golden Brown and Yellow Green Algae made up of?

A

Diatoms and Desmids

70
Q

Break down the word Dinoflagellates.

A

“Di” - two
“Dino” - terrible
“Flagellate” - to whip

71
Q

How do Dinoflagellates move?

A

Two flagella

72
Q

What is a “red tide”?

A

A population explosion of dinoflagellates
Turns the water a reddish color during these events
Kills fish because dinoflagellates make a toxin which makes humans sick as well, it can be fatal
Not all dinoflagellates give off toxin

Biology Field & Lab Spring 2014 Koerner (1 decks)

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