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Coagulation > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ratio of blood to liquid anticoagulant in a blue top tube?

A

9 to 1

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2
Q

How long can a blue top be stored and at what temp?

A

4 hours at room temperature (20-24°)

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3
Q

What is the most common problem associated with coagulation specimen?

A

Under filled tubes

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4
Q

Why is it a problem to have an under filled blue top tube?

A

The patient’s plasma is over-diluted with the liquid anticoagulant in the tube. PT/PTT falsely elevated.

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5
Q

What are the most common collection issues when it comes to PT/PTT tests?

A

Improper specimen to anticoagulant ratio
Mislabeled specimen
IV fluid contamination with heparin or diluted with saline
Testing delay

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6
Q

What actions do you take for investigating prolonged PT/PTT tests?

A

Check LIS for previous results.
Check with nursing staff for heparin-warfarin therapy.
Visually check specimen for proper volume and lipemia.
Repeat testing.
Confirm analyzer operation with repeat control runs.

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7
Q

What does the PT measure?

A

Time it takes to form a fibrin clot after activation of the Extrinsic pathway.

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8
Q

What is the reagent used for the PT?

A

Thromboplastin

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9
Q

What types of reagents can be used as thromboplastin?

A

Recombinant, rabbit brains, and human placenta.

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10
Q

What’s the normal range for the PT?

A

10 - 13 seconds

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11
Q

What’s the normal INR range?

A

0.8 - 1.2

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12
Q

What is the PT commonly used to monitor?

A

Warfarin

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13
Q

What does INR stand for?

A

International Normalized Ratio

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14
Q

What is the INR?

A

A mathematical modification of the PT which standardizes the results to an agreed upon reference thromboplastin reagent.

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15
Q

Before the INR, what reasons were there for a variation in results at different hospitals?

A

Different instrumentations and different thromboplastins used

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16
Q

What is the PT ratio?

A

PT Ratio = Patient PT/Control PT

17
Q

What is the INR formula?

A

INA = (Patients PT/Control PT)^ISI

18
Q

What does the ISI stand for?

A

International sensitivity index

19
Q

What makes a good thromboplastin?

A

Sensitive to warfarin

20
Q

What does the ISI do?

A

Reflection of thromboplastin lot’s sensitivity to Warfarin

21
Q

What is recombinant?

A

Made by bacteria, which have been genetically altered to turn into something.

22
Q

What is the INR of a patient with a DVT or PE?

A

2.0 - 3.0

23
Q

What INR value can result in life-threatening bleeding?

A

4.0

24
Q

What does the PTT do?

A

Measure the time it takes to form a fibrin clot after activation of the intrinsic pathway.

25
Q

What is the PTT test commonly used to measure?

A

Heparin

26
Q

What is the normal range for a PTT test?

A

20.0 - 35.0 seconds

Coagulation (2 decks)

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