Test #2 Flashcards
MCP convex/concave rule
Concave phalanx glides over convex metacarpal in same direction as shaft of phalanx
MCP PIP DIP CMC MCP IP
- Metacarpophalangeal joint
- Proximal Interphalangeal joint
- Distal Interphalangeal joint
- Carpometacarpal joint
- Metacarpophalangeal joint
- Interphalangeal joint
MCP: what is the Osteokinematics?
2 degrees of freedom
Flex/ext
ABD/ADD
If the MCP is in flexion, what movement will be limited?
ABD/ADD
What is the Capsular Pattern of the MCP?
Equal restrictions of flex/ext
PIP & DIP: what is the Osteokinematics?
They are synovial hinge joints with 1 degree of freedom
Flex/ext
What is the Capsular Pattern of the PIP & DIP?
Equal restrictions of flex/ext
PIP & DIP convex/concave rule
Sliding of concave base of distal phalanx on convex head of proximal phalanx
Thumb CMC: what is the Osteokinematics?
Saddle joint with 2 degrees of freedom
Flex/ext
ABD/ADD
Thumb CMC: convex/concave rule
Concave first metacarpal slides on convex traquitrium in same direction as metacarpal shaft during flex/ext
During ABD/ADD there is a slide in the opposite direction
What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb CMC joint?
Limitation of ABD and extension
Thumb MCP: what is the Osteokinematics?
It is a condyloid joint with 2 degrees of freedom
Flex/ext
Minimal ABD/ADD
Thumb MCP: convex/concave rule
Concave base of 1st phalanx glides on convex head of 1st metacarpal in same direction as shaft
What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb MCP
Restriction of motions in all directions
Flex is more limited than ext
Thumb IP: what is the Osteokinematics?
Synovial hinge joint with 1 degree of freedom
Flex/ext
Thumb IP: convex/concave rule
Gliding of concave base of distal phalanx on convex head of proximal phalanx, in the same direction as the shaft of the bone
What is the Capsular Pattern of the Thumb IP joint?
Equal restrictions of flex/ext
ROM: MCP
- Flex
- Ext
- ABD/ADD
- Flex: 0-90*
- Ext: 0-45*
- ABD/ADD: 0-20*
ROM: PIP & DIP
- flex
- ext
PIP:
-Flex/Ext: 0-100*
DIP:
-Flex/Ext: 0-90*
ROM: Thumb MCP
-Flex/Ext
-Flex/Ext: 0-50*
ROM: Thumb IP
-Flex/Ext
-Flex/Ext: 0-80*
ROM: Thumb CMC
- Flex
- Ext
- ABD/ADD
- Flex: 0-15*
- Ext: 0-50*
- ABD/ADD: 0-70*
Atlanto-occipital joint: what is the Osteokinematics?
Plane synovial joint
Flex/ext
Some axial rotation
Lateral flex
Atlanto-occipital joint: convex/concave joint
Inferior covex condyles of occipital articulate with the 2 superior concave zygapophyseal articular facets of the lateral bodies of the atlas
What is the Capsular Pattern of the Atlanto-occipital joint?
Equal restrictions of ext and lateral flex
Rotation and flexion not affected
What are the Intervertebral Joints composed of?
Superior and inferior vertebral plateaus and adjacent intervertebral discs.
What are the Zygapophyseal Joints composed of?
Right and left superior articular processes of one vertebra and the right and left inferior processes of an adjacent superior vertebra
Cervical Spine: what is the Osteokinematics?
3 degrees of freedom
Flex/ext
Lateral flex
Rotation
What is the Capsular Pattern for C2-C7?
Equal limitations of all motions except flexion, which is usually barely restricted.
Special Test: Vertebral Artery Test
Patient is supine with head supported, ext neck, side bend and lateral rotate.
Positive Finding: dizzy, blurry vision, pass out=compressed nerve root
Special Test: Foraminal Compression Test
Patient is sitting and the PT presses down on head and laterally flexes to both sides
Positive Finding: dermatomal pattern of pain with increase of symptoms= nerve root compression
Special Test: Foraminal Distraction Test
Patient is sitting while PT has one hand at the back of the head and the other under the chin pulling up.
Positive Finding: relief of symptoms decrease
Special Test: Kernig-Brudzinski Sign
Patient is supine with hands behind head. PT flexes one knee and pushes it toward patients chest while they lift their elbows off the table.
Positive Findings: radiation of pain= neuro problems in spine
Special Test: 90-90 Straight Leg Raise Test
Patient flexes hip and knee to 90* and tries to passively straighten legs.
Positive Finding: tight hamstrings
Special Test: Slump Test
Patient slumps over, extends leg out straight and dorsiflexes foot
Positive Finding: shooting nerve pain= nerve root and sciatic nerve damage
Thoracic Spine: what is the Osteokinematics?
Ribs and costal joints restrict lateral flex
Facets in lower region permit somewhat more flex/ext
Facets from T1-T6 limit flex/ext
What is the Capsular Pattern in the Thoracic Spine?
Greater limitation of ext, lateral flex, and rotation than of forward flex
What is the Capsular Pattern of the Lumbar Spine?
Marked and equal restriction of lateral flexion followed by restriction of flex/ext
Define Spondylosis
Degeneration of the intervertebral disc
Define Spondylolysis
Defect in the pars interarticularis (arch)
Define Spondylolisthesis
Forward displacement of one vertebra over another
