Test 2

Question 1

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 1

Bacteria or Archaea. DNA Spreads through much of the cell. Much Smaller in size. Always single celled, only one type of organelle. No nucleus.

Question 2

Eukaryote Cells

Answer 2

Membrane bound. Nucleus, Organelles, Cytosol, Cytoskeleton, Plasma Membrane.

Question 3

Organelles

Answer 3

Highly organized structures within the cell that carry out specialized functions.

Question 4

Cytosol

Answer 4

The jelly like fluid outside the nucleus in which most organelles are immersed.

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

The region of the cell inside the plasma membrane but outside the nucleus.

Question 6

Cytoskeleton

Answer 6

A network protein filaments that have diverse functions.

Question 7

The Plasma Membrane

Answer 7

The outer lining of the cell

Question 8

Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 8

Father of Microbiology

Question 9

Robert Hooke

Answer 9

Had Christopher Cock of London manufactured the first microscope

Question 10

Cells

Answer 10

With the expect ion to viruses every form of life earth is either a cell or composed of a cell. All living things are made up of cells, all cells come from precious cells

Question 11

What is energy

Answer 11

The capacity to do work. A measure of disorder of randomness

Question 12

Potential Energy

Answer 12

Stored Energy

Question 13

Kinetic

Answer 13

Energy in motion

Question 14

One Mole of Glucose(180 grams)

Answer 14

686 Calories

Question 15

Exergonic Reactions

Answer 15

Release energy, products contain less energy than the reactants

Question 16

Endergonic Reactions

Answer 16

require energy, products contain more energy than the reactants

Question 17

The 1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 17

Energy is never created or destroyed but is only transformed.

Question 18

The 2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 18

energy transfer always results in a greater amount of disorder in the universe

Question 19

Coupled Reaction

Answer 19

A chemical reaction in which an exergonic reaction powers an endergonic reaction

Question 20

ATP

Answer 20

the most important energy transfer molecule in living things. Drives chemical reactions by donating one of its three phosphate groups to them. ATP becomes the two phosphate molecule adenosine diphosphate (ADP). To become ATP ADP must have a third phosphate group attached to it.

Question 21

Enzyme

Answer 21

A type of protein that accelerates the rate at which a chemical reaction takes places in an organism.

Question 22

Activation Energy

Answer 22

The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction

Question 23

Metabolic Pathway

Answer 23

A set of enzymatically controlled steps that results in the completion of a product or process in an organism.

Question 24

Allosteric Regulation

Answer 24

The regulation of an enzyme’s activity by means of molecule binding to a site on the enzyme other than its active site

Question 25

Active Transport

Answer 25

any movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane that requires the expenditure of energy

Question 26

Passive Transport

Answer 26

any movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane that does not require the expenditure of energy