Test 2 Flashcards
Study of all things language
Linguistics
a signal from one being to another meant to convey a message
comunication
Oral arbitrary sounds or gestures we assign meanings to
language
a sound that means a certain message
Primate call system
area of brain that is damaged, affects speaking
Aphasia, brocos brain
The concept that primates are are HARD WIRED for language
Also the process in wich humans learn and develop languages
Language acquisition
Phonology
the sound of language
The way words appear
Morphology
The underlying message of the words
Semantics
the order of the words
Syntax
The language that we sepak influences the way we think about reality
Linguisitc relativity / sapir whorf
Important words to a culture
focal vocabulary
the study of language in relation to social factors, including differences of regional, class, and occupational dialect, gender differences, and bilingualism. AND slurs
sociolinguistics
Language is very flexable, and meaning are always changing
language change
languages have different ways of perceiving things, terms don’t have direct translation from language to language
Language diversity and language loss
Test if a child would be able to know language if they were never exposed to it by a certain age
Forbidden experiment
What is archeology about?
people / living things
what is pre history?
Before writing
what is “history”
After writing, writing is history
Goals of archeology
Understanding past human history through remains, how past life was, and cultural changes
Dendrochronology
using the rings on the tree to determine carbon dating
What is carbon 14?
An absolute dating method used by archeologists.
Where is presevation good and bad?
Good in MiddleEast /dry climates, bad in wet enviroments
What are artifacts?
things that have been made by human
Key changes brought by Mesolithic era
Climate change, wet environment, and the transformation from hunter-gather to agriculture domestication
How did food productions affect populations?
it allowed for them to settle in one place, and grow in population.
what is Noam Chomsky’s theory of Universal Grammar?
certain grammatical structures are natural to all human languages
Consequences of food production:
Easier quality of life, sometimes left to famin and social issues, like conflicts between villages. Overall a good thing
impact of trade during Neolithic / bronze age
Long distance allowed for the spread of ideas and goods from many different regions, helped fuel the bronze age
what was first writing system used for
used for accounting money
Effects of Bronze age
Introduction of new Foods, alc, money, textile clothes, laws ETC
What social Things were introduced in bronze age
Social hierarchy, based on wealth, class, and occupation. also the introduction to enforced laws
What happened to gender roles during bronze age
Gender roles were made extreme, women lost a lot of power
What is the neolithic package
the collection of innovations and practices that characterize the transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a settled, agricultural one, including domesticated plants and animals, pottery, and new stone tools.
Where were domestication centers
All over the world
What is the blanchard bone?
A bone with the moon faces carved into it
What are complex religions
A hierarchy to religions
Beurcracy
Many different levels of government
big black hairy balls sack
yes
what is talheim river
river in germany, farmers stay on rivers, too many hunters taking land up top
social contract
humans respect rights of animals, animals benefit human culture
natufian culture
first domesticators of animals and plants
material culture
The physical objects made by society
multidisplanry
Archeology is not just digging stuff
