Test 2

Question 1

Mercury

Answer 1

Small
No volcanos
Lots of craters
Dead

Question 2

Venus

Answer 2

Large
inactive volcanos
Has an atmosphere
Fewer craters
Alive(ish)

Question 3

Earth

Answer 3

Largest rocky planet
Active geology
few craters
Alive

Question 4

Mars

Answer 4

Small
inactive volcanos
lots of craters
Dead (ish)

Question 5

Moon

Answer 5

Small
No volcanos
Lots of craters
Dead

Question 6

Io

Answer 6

Small
tidal squeeze
volcanos
No craters
Alive

Question 7

Europa

Answer 7

Small
tidal squeeze
some craters
Alive(ish)

Question 8

Ganymede

Answer 8

Small
tidal squeeze
some craters
Alive (ish)

Question 9

Callisto

Answer 9

small
less tidal squeeze
some craters
Dead (ish)

Question 10

Titan

Answer 10

Small
Tidal squeeze
Atmosphere
Few Craters
Alive

Question 11

Triton, Pluto

Answer 11

Small
Weird
Some avidence of cryovocanism
Alive(ish)

Question 12

Keplers First Law

Answer 12

Law of Ellipses- Planets move around the sun in a circle positioned at one focus

Question 13

Keplers Second law

Answer 13

Law of Equal Areas- Planets closer to the sun revolve around it at higher velocities than planets furthere from the sun.

Question 14

Keplers Third Law

Answer 14

Planets further away from the sun take much longer to revolve around it than planets that are closer.

Question 15

Eccentricity (Def, purpose, range)

Answer 15

Eccentricity is the measure of how close to a perfect circle an objects orbit is. It ranges from 1-0, with 0 being a perfect circle.

Question 16

Finding the Semi-major axis

Answer 16

Longest Diameter of an Elipse diveded by 2

Question 17

Semi-Minor

Answer 17

Shortest diameter of an elipse

Question 18

Apogee

Answer 18

Furthest point in orbit from the Earth

Question 19

Aphelion

Answer 19

Furthest point in orbit from the Sun

Question 20

Apoapsis

Answer 20

As far away one object can be from another object

Question 21

Perigee

Answer 21

Closest point to Earth

Question 22

Perihelion

Answer 22

Closest point to the Sun

Question 23

Periapsis

Answer 23

As close one object can be in orbit to another.

Question 24

What did Copernicus insist on using in all his models

Answer 24

Perfect circles

Question 25

What did Galileo notice about Venus

Answer 25

1.) Had phases 2.) Could appear larger or smaller on certain nights

Question 26

What did Galileo notice about Jupiter

Answer 26

He saw that Jupiter had Moons orbiting around it which proved that not everything revolved around Earth.

Question 27

What did Galileo notice about our moon specifically

Answer 27

He noticed that the moon was covered in craters and blemishes which proved that not all objects were "perfect"

Question 28

Newton's first law

Answer 28

Inertia - object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

Question 29

Newton's second law

Answer 29

Law of acceleration- Force = mass x acceleration

Question 30

Newton's third law

Answer 30

Law of motion- If one object exerts force on another object, that object will exert an equal and opposite force on the other object.

Question 31

Newtons "fourth" Law

Answer 31

Law of Universal Gravitation

Question 32

How did Brahe describe the solarsystems orbits

Answer 32

He combined Geocentric and Heliocentric thoughts and said that the sun revolves around the Earth while all other planets revolve around the Sun.

Question 33

Arcminute

Answer 33

.016 Degrees

Question 34

Spring Tides

Answer 34

Stronger Occur during Full and New moons Sun Earth Moon all in a line

Question 35

Neap Tides

Answer 35

Weaker Occur during First and Third quarter moons Sun Earth Moon at a 90 degree angle

Question 36

Orbital Period

Answer 36

Time it takes something to go around the Sun. Semi-major axis cubed = orbital period squared

Question 37

Angular Momentum

Answer 37

Angular momentum is the rotational equivalent of linear momentum. It is conserved in a closed system, meaning an object's rotation speed changes if its shape or distance from the axis changes.