Test 2 Flashcards
During which two stages of group development can leaders assume a more “hands off” or nondominant role?
Performing and Adjourning
Norming and Performing
Forming and Adjourning
Forming and Storming
Storming and Norming
Norming and Performing
The team has started to develop a strong sense of cohesion and is working together smoothly, often avoiding conflicts to maintain harmony. Which stage of group development does this describe?
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Adjourning
Norming
Climate is more difficult to change than culture in an organization because it involves more stakeholders.
True
False
False
Based on what we know about groupthink research, as group leader, it is a good idea to express your preference for a particular solution early in the group’s deliberations.
True
False
False
Groupthink is an important contributor to positive group outcomes.
True
False
False
This year, Summaiya, worked really hard to figure out each salesperson’s strengths and give them a role that complemented those talents. Everyone knew what they were supposed to do and, by working together, each team member beat their personal sales record and the Plano branch was the top performer of the entire company. This is an example of ______.
Cohesion
Using standards of excellence
Groupthink
Synergy
Visioning
Synergy
Co-workers collectively deciding to wear jeans on Fridays and not bringing cell phones to meetings are examples of ______.
norms
Groupthink
Out-group behavior
structure
Standards of excellence
norms
Which of the following is not a tip for giving constructive feedback when reviewing results as you implement standards of excellence?
Address behaviors
All of these are ways to give constructive feedback
Check to ensure clear communication has occurred
Describe specifically what you have observed
Use “you” language
Use “you” language
A shoe company is not sure if the ad campaign for its newest sneaker will be appealing to its customers. The company puts together a focus group made up of individuals of different ages, genders, sexual orientations, and ethnicities. The company knows that it might be more difficult for this type of group to come to a consensus, but it hopes that given enough time, the group can provide valuable information based on which of its attributes?
None of these
Diversity
Equity
Strengths
Synergy
Diversity
After returning from a business trip to Hungary, Callie tells her friends how rude and backward Hungarians are and that she is so happy to be home in America, where things are done the correct way.
Uh oh, Callie’s sense of superiority is an example of…
systematic discrimination
prejudice
unconscious bias
privilege
ethnocentrism
ethnocentrism
A(n) ______ describes individuals who feel unique and respected but who also feel left out and not a part of the in-group.
Assimilation quadrant
Exclusion quadrant
Differentiation quadrant
Inclusion quadrant
Differentiation quadrant
Which defines Equity
the process of making people minority cultures give up many values and traditions to become part of the dominant culture
Aims to ensure that all people receive equal resources from the beginning
Is the process of incorporating differing individuals into an organization
Recognizes the historic inequalities that have kept some groups from having the same access to programs and opportunities others have
Deals with the amount of difference among members
Recognizes the historic inequalities that have kept some groups from having the same access to programs and opportunities others have
When it comes to retaining employees, it is not enough to have a diverse organization, it must be inclusive too.
True
False
true
Sim started a new job but hasn’t met his coworkers in person because they are remote working. Because his coworkers have been at the company for 3+ years, they know each other well and have a lot of inside jokes. Sim feels isolated and doesn’t identify with his team members. It sounds like Sim is a(n) __________.
groupthinker
differentiator
social loafer
out-group member
devil’s advocate
out-group member
The thought that an effective leader has a high quality relationship with each follower, allowing out-group members to be part of the larger group is ______.
democratic leadership
leader-member exchange theory
authoritarian leadership
laissez-faire leadership
expectancy theory
leader-member exchange theory
Yikes! You and Ariyan are in the middle of a huge disagreement in the company breakroom. You are emotionally flooded. You know this is going to lead to _______, which is not healthy in conflict. The antidote to avoid that could include ______.
Defensiveness; admitting your role in the conflict
Criticism; using “you” language
Stonewalling; explaining that you are overwhelmed and ask to discuss this issue after a cool off period
Contempt; describing what you need emotionally to solve the issue
Criticism; using “I” language
Stonewalling; explaining that you are overwhelmed and ask to discuss this issue after a cool off period
Which of the following is NOT a drawback of coercive power?
Drains physical and emotional energy from the follower
Becomes less effective over time
Destroys trust
Takes a long time to develop
Lowers follower satisfaction
Takes a long time to develop
When individuals’ goals are unclear, they are ______.
Less gratified about their accomplishments
Less likely to be successful, less excited about their work, and less gratified about their accomplishments
Less excited about their work
Less likely to be successful
Less likely to be successful and less excited about their work
Less likely to be successful, less excited about their work, and less gratified about their accomplishments
When followers’ needs for______ are strong, it makes them vulnerable to the dictates of abusive leaders.
security and certainty, belonging, and feeling chosen or special
belonging
security and certainty
belonging and feeling chosen or special
feeling chosen or special
security and certainty, belonging, and feeling chosen or special
Things are crazy at The Karchmer Company. Tomas’s manager quit and his manager’s boss is on family leave. His team isn’t sure who to report to or what to do. His coworker, Emilia, seems to be using this situation to assert her power. Which factor of conducive environments is occurring?
Cultural values
Absence of checks, balances, and institutionalization.
Perceived threat
Instability
Instability
Sophie and Ravi are collaborating on an audit together. Sophie made a number of errors in her part. Frustrated, Ravi said “Why are you always so careless with your work?”
Uh oh, sounds like Ravi is engaging in which of the following?
Complaint
Stonewalling
Criticism
Defensiveness
Contempt
Criticism
Kyler and Hiba are conducting study abroad interviews for students but disagree on how to long to interview, which questions to ask, and in what order to ask questions. Which type of conflict are they experiencing?
Value conflict
Belief conflict
Procedural conflict
Relationship conflict
Substantive conflict
Procedural conflict
In Path-Goal theory, the most influential variables in selecting a leadership style are
Time constraints and follower needs
Likelihood of success and follower needs
Time constraints and task nature
Group history and follower nature
Follower nature and task nature
Follower nature and task nature
Hugo made an excellent first impression with his new coworkers. When he met them, he seemed bold and really confident. However, as he led the project, they noticed he dismissed their constructive feedback, ignored their opinions, and sought special rights for himself. Hugo is exhibiting which of the following?
Moral mum effect
Narcissism
Social contagion
Intense need for power
Charisma
Narcissism
Hazing is an example of this psychological factor that makes people vulnerable to destructive leadership.
Fear of powerlessness to challenge a bad leader
Need to feel chosen or special
Need for belonging to a community
Need to disagree with the group
Need for reassuring authority figures
Need for belonging to a community
Followers are more motivated to be productive when the believe their efforts will lead to a valued result.
True
False
True
Excessive use of power can mean a leader ______.
Covers up the mistakes of his/her followers
All of the above
Uses coercion to get his/her way
Is focused only on the development of his/her employees
Is exclusively task-oriented
Uses coercion to get his/her way
Dagmawit assigns Max the Villagrana account again. Max isn’t that happy about it but starts to work on it because he knows Dagmawit has handled this type of account issue in the past and knows what she is doing.
Based on this response, which power type is Max responding to:
Reward
Expert
Legitimate
Referent
Coercive
Expert
Avoidance is a managing style that is usually productive, leading to less stress.
True
False
False
A participative leadership style is the best style when dealing with a task that has a lot of components or complexity.
True
False
Some of the downsides of out-group members are insignificant.
True
False
True
Mission and visions can be generated by an individual leader or crafted by a team working together.
True
False
True
A ____ is an atmosphere that promotes group members’ satisfaction and achieving their personal best.
Positive culture
Positive climate
Constructive culture
Constructive climate
Constructive climate
It’s not a requirement at XYZ, but employees get time off to volunteer & coworkers talk about service a lot; this is a:
Relevant norm
Peripheral norm
Pivotal norm
Legitimate norm
Relevant norm
Which of the following limits a leader’s ability to see new possibilities in the environment?
Sensemaking
Entrenched mental models
Visioning
Groupthink
Entrenched mental models
Outgroups can be formed by arbitrary distinctions like which BCOM class you’re in or which sports team you root for.
True
False
True
William wants to learn how to use social identity theory in a positive way. What should William do?
Emphasize uniqueness and superiority of majority group
Make people feel part of the team
Encourage competition among group members
Avoid establishing relationships with new members
Make people feel part of the team
Establishing a constructive climate demands that a leader:
Provide structure
Clarify norms
Build cohesiveness
Promote standards of excellence
All of the above
Arnav wants to know what are some of the positives of out-groups. What do you tell him?
Help prevent groupthink
Bring up uncomfortable truths
Help majority see their biases
Help foment or improve organizational equity
Help prevent groupthink
Bring up uncomfortable truths
Help majority see their biases
According to the inclusion framework, what happens when there is high value in uniqueness and high belongingness?
Inclusion
Assimilation
Differentiation
Exclusion
Inclusion
__ are expressions of a pre-existing capacity and are unique to each person.
Strengths
Skills
Traits
Relationships
Strengths
ABC Inc. wants to implement a new vision. As part of the implementation process, what steps should ABC leadership take?
Act out the vision
Select uplifting words and symbols
Set performance expectations
Create a map of the current situation
Act out the vision
Select uplifting words and symbols
Set performance expectations
What is the foundation of Ferdman’s inclusion framework?
Leadership inclusion
Societal inclusion
Group inclusion
Individual inclusion
Individual inclusion
Name the domain. JJ is good at taking charge & speaking with clients & suppliers. His team relies on his networking.
Executing
Influencing
Relationship Building
Strategic Thinking
Influencing
Mission is the “what” and the “how”and vision is the “why”
True
False
T
___ is a largely fixed attitude, belief, or emotion held by people about another person/group based on faulty data.
Stereotype
Unconscious bias
Prejudice
Ethnocentrism
Prejudice
A leader can avoid groupthink by:
Urge deliberation and consideration of alternatives
Positively reinforce those who follow norms and sanction those who don’t
Allow anonymous feedback and voting
Invite experts to weigh in
Urge deliberation and consideration of alternatives
Allow anonymous feedback and voting
Invite experts to weigh in
Hong wants to advance diversity and inclusion in her company. What steps should Hong take?
Help others in feeling influential
Help others in feeling authentic and whole
Engage in sensemaking
Engage in mindful communication
Help others in feeling influential
Help others in feeling authentic and whole
Engage in mindful communication
____ allow people to process information quickly and into categories.
Sensemaking
Communicating a vision
Highlighting a vision
Mental models
Mental models
Which of the following represent ingrained things we have learned throughout our life experience?
Realized Strengths
Unrealized Strengths
Learned Behaviors
Weaknesses
Learned Behaviors
What is one reason out-groups form?
People agree with the positions of the majority
People identify with the group
People feel included
People lack social or communication skills
People lack social or communication skills
The four communication techniques given in the book to demonstrate empathy include which of the following:
Support
Not interrupting
Reflection
Smiling
Support, reflection
The focus of the 4M Model is improving weaknesses.
True
False
F
The leader-member exchange theory says leaders should try to build high quality relationships only with some followers.
True
False
F
Leaders who want to create a positive work environment should attend to:
Climate
Communication
Relationships
Meaning
Climate
Communication
Relationships
Meaning
What do you call the process of creating a new mental model or schema?
Sensemaking
Vision making
Mission making
Modelmaking
Sensemaking
What are some of the positives of good/high quality leader-member exchange relationships?
More satisfaction with job and supervisor
Members are more committed to organization
More productivity
Better mental health
All
____ aims to provide equal access to resources for historically disadvantaged people
Inclusion
Equity
Diversity
Equality
Equity
Ferdman’s inclusion framework shows that a single intervention at one level will get you to inclusion.
True
False
False
Everyone sensemakes; they just might not realize it.
True
False
T
A sign of overconfidence is
Self-appointed mindguards
Illusion of invulnerability
Collective rationalization
Stereotypes of outside group
Illusion of invulnerability
“Implementing the vision” is the phase where a leader’s test of abilities really occurs.
True
False
True
A company’s culture is a by-product of a company’s climate.
True
False
False
CAPP’s three central elements are:
Skill
Energy
Perfomance
Use
All
According to the inclusion framework, what happens when there is high value in uniqueness and low belongingness?
Inclusion
Assimilation
Differentiation
Exclusion
Differentiation
People like when leaders ____ because it helps them know how to behave.
Provide structure
Build cohesiveness
Clarify norms
Promote Standards of Excellence
Clarify norms
Out-group members are individuals in a group or organization who do not identify with larger group
True
False
True
A vision that refers to employees as “family members” and tries to create a sense of community through “we” & “our” is..
Highlight the values
Being specific to provide guidance, but vague enough to remain relevant
Adapting the vision
Using inclusive language
Using inclusive language
The process of incorporating differing individuals into a group or organization is called:
inclusion
equity
diversity
equality
inclusion
Santiago wants to give his team good feedback. What communication method(s) should Santiago implement?
Use “I” language
Employ the tenets of expectancy theory
Engage in restatement phrasing
Give feedback in calm, unemotional language
Use “I” language
Give feedback in calm, unemotional language
____ is the amount of difference among members
inclusion
equity
diversity
fairness
diversity
How can a leader demonstrate empathy?
Undermining
Consideration
Paraphrasing
Contradicting
Paraphrasing
Which of the following is not a strategy for responding to out-group members?
Check for clear communication with out-group members
Give out-group members a voice and empower them to act
Show empathy to out-group members
Recognize the unique contributions of out-group members
Check for clear communication with out-group members
How do diversity and inclusion positively impact organizations?
Better decision making
Talent acquisition and utilization
Excitement and commitment
Higher performance
All
What is/are some of the negative impacts of out-group members?
Positively impacts group synergy
Out-group members have valuable contributions
Negatively impacts group synergy
Out-group members do not receive deserved respect from in-group members
Negatively impacts group synergy
Out-group members do not receive deserved respect from in-group members
