test 2 Flashcards
“The Nightwatch”
Rembrant, 17th Century
“Hundred Gilder Print”
Rembrant, 17th Century
“The Little Street”
Jan Vermeer, 17th Century
“Still-life with Oysters, Silver, Tazza + Glassware”
William Claesz, 17th Century
Group Portraits
Everybody paid to be painted, flat, basic, no foreground
Impasto
thick paint
Houding
creating space in a portrait, like a person could walk around inside the painting
17th Century Dutch Art
Conservative, Structured, move future to thinking not materialistic
Rembrant
Famous painter, print maker and engraver “Rembrant can do everything”
Engraving
Less work, can use different papers, can go back and change something to make something entirely new
Rembrants Hundred Gilded Print
Prints selling at oil painting prices, dynamic light and darks, ppl doing things preformance-like
Dutch Control Spice Trade So…
ppl very wealthy, SUMPTUARY LAWS - restrictions on how showey people can be with money, Beginning of the Art Market
Easel Pictures
Dutch Creation, small portable paintings with no purpose or meaning
Jan Vermeer, The Little Street
Small Easel Painting, need to be up close to view detail, opposite of linear perspective
Camera Obscura
Blackout all natural light except a pinhole to project a scene, Dutch Technique
Dutch “Little Masters”
Ppl who paint easel paintings
Willem Claesz, Still Life
Vanitas - warning against vanity
idea that life is temporary, and those need to think to eternity
Dutch Art Market
works are made and then put for sale, not commissioned based
Dutch and Slavery
Controlled slave trade, distant from their own plantations and the drawings commissioned of plantations do not show the slaves. Racial Slavery invented, only African Americans can be enslaved
Gomes de Zurara
this bitch invented slavery. Made distinctions of people by appearance not ethnic, DIVIDED THE WORLD BY RACE thus instilling racism
“The Swing”
Fragonard, 18th Century
“Cornelia Presenting Her Children as Her Treasures”
Angelica Kauffman, 18th Century
Rococco
Painterly (love of paint), Seductions, Mirrors (arrogant)
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Criticizes Enlightenment, argues that increased wealth leads to decreased morals, evidence all the paintings during this time lol
Camp
over the top exagguration, “look at me”
Louis 14
“The Sun King”, 17th century, Centralized power to King, Makes rivals move to Versailles capitol where they are more worries about manners and etiquette to overthrow him, VISUAL AUTHORITY
Royal Academy
Louis 14 creates, trains artists, limited to 4 women because that is all that is needed to show off the genius of women
Genre Hierarchy (Royal Academy)
History
Portraiture
Genre
Landscape
Animal
Still-Life
(If a painting doesn’t fall into one it isn’t considered art)
Salon
Exhibition of French Art (everybody goes, not limited by class)
Neo-Classism
“Knowledge is more important than life”, if exposed to Neo-classism you will be a more virtuous person
Faust
Delacroix, 19th Century
“Cottage Children”
Gainsborough, 18th Century
“Raft of Medusa”
Gericault, 19th Century
“Slaveship”
JMW Turner, 19th Century
Romantasism
God, Truth, Knowledge
Emotions, Darkness, Reason
Supernatural, Monstrous, Rebellion, Individual
William Blake
Believes people should be unconventional and individual
Thomas Gainsborough, Cottage Children
Romantisizes the Sublime, Reality is nothing when compared to Nature
Fancy Picture
Fanciful, from the imagination
Gericault, Raft of Medusa
Ger. built replica of raft to see how it would float, went to a morgue to see what dead things looked like to paint, doesn’t fit into RA art (so not art), Neo-Baroque
Turner, Slaveship
Horror of slave trade disguised by the Beauty of the Storm
“Young Ladies of the Village”
Courbet, 19th Century
“The Horse Fair”
Rosa Bonheur, 19th Century
1851 London Great Exhibition
First Worlds Fair, England shows off all the things their industrial revolution can make
William Morris
Horrified by the Industrial Revolution, poorly made cheap products, need ornamental things to create a better life
Arts and Crafts Movement
William Morris, away from mass production, tries to make more enjoyable
Gustave Courbet
Creates Realism, Challenges Expect Art
Salon de Refuses
Artists rejected from Salon (mainly impressionists), not taken seriously
Courbet, Young Ladies of the Village
Controversial - setting not near Paris, women aren’t pretty enough, not high fashion clothes, not naturalistic, about painting not reality
Emile Zola
Defends Manet, Paintings and reality shouldn’t be the same thing
Manet, Luncheon on the Grass
Social Problem, Bad Linear Perspective, Unknown if Naked or Nude, not very detailed background
Dealer-Critic System
end of 19th century, what the system is like now
Monet, Impressionsim: Sunrise
Gives impressionism it’s name, “seems like a child can do it”, stops colored sketches
Pointilissm
associated w/ anarchy
“Luncheon on the Grass”
Manet, 19th Century
“Child’s Bath”
Mary Cassatt, 19th Century
“Sideshow”
Seurat, 19th Century
“Impression Sunrise”
Monet, 19 Century
