Test 2 Flashcards
Define Asepsis
Being free of disease-producing microbes
Define medical asepsis
The practices used to:
- Remove or destroy pathogens
- Prevent pathogens from spreading from one person or place to another person or place
Standard precautions
Part of CDCs isolation pre-cautions, reduce risk of pathogens.
- Hand hygiene
- PPE
- Gloves
- Gowns
Transmission Based Precautions
Also called isolation precautions. Gloves, Gowns, care equipment, PPE, single rooms, limited visitors.
Medical Technique
Pathogen
Microbes that are harmful and can cause infections
Nonpathogen
Microbes that do not usually cause an infection
Sterile
The absence of all microbes
Who’s in charge of infection spread?
Everyone, all the employees
Nosocomial infections
Also called healthcare-associated infections. An infection that develops in a person cared for in any setting where healthcare is given.
Where are microbes found?
Everywhere–in the mouth, nose, respiratory tract, stomach, intestines, skin, air, soil, food, animals, clothing, furniture.
Easiest way to prevent infection?
Washing hands.
Proper hand hygiene.
- Keep hands and forearms lower than your elbows
- Wash away from your uniform and stand away from the sink (contaminated)
- Wash at least 20 sec
- Use clean, dry paper towels to dry hands
When to wear gloves?
When contact with the following is likely:
- Blood
- Potentially infections material (body fluids, secretions, and excretions are examples)
- Mucous membranes
- Non-intact skin
- Skin that may be contaminated (feces or urine)
When to remove them?
After contact with the person or the person’s care setting/equipment used in their care setting.
1 pair of gloves for each person.
When moving from a contaminated to clean body site.
Most important PPE for contact precautions?
Gloves, gowns, masks, goggles, face shields
When/where to put on PPE?
When contact with blood or body fluids is likely.
What does contamination mean?
The process of becoming unclean, when pathogens are present.
Nursing Care plan
A written guide about the person’s nursing care.
Meaning of nursing process
The method nurses use to plan and deliver nursing care. It has 5 steps:
Assessment
Nursing diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
How to differentiate objective vs subjective data?
Objective is seen, heard, felt, or smelled. Subjective are things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses.
What are signs vs symptoms?
When to report to COCs/Change of conditions?
What is ADL?
Activities of daily living.
What is Perineal care?
Cleaning of private and anal area. To prevent infection and increase comfort.
Where is medicated shampoo left after using it?
Return it back to the nurse, do not leave by the bedside table.
Nursing measures after shampooing in bed?
How to shave person on anticoagulants?
Use an electric razor and not safety razors. Patients on anticoagulants are at risk of easily bleeding if cut, as the pills prevent/slow down blood cutting.
What can CNAs do for nail and toenail care?
In California, CNAs do not cut toenails or nails. This is left for the nurse or podiatrist, to avoid infection.
When removing clothes, where do you go? Strong or weak? (Skills)
Remove clothes from the stronger, unaffected side.
Incontinences different types
Nursing measures in assistance with urination
Drainage bags in position with residents
Always kept lower than the person’s bladder, to avoid urine flowing back to the bladder. Hung from bed frame, chair, wheelchair, or from the thigh if the patient is standing.
Where to keep urinals?
Hooked to the bed rail, within the patient’s reach.
Catheter drainage bags - what do you do?
