1. cult of domesticity/cult of true womanhood

1. tasks that are more flexible and less frequent 2. household repairs or yard care

- what parent spends more time with family - who gets more time with the father?

1. Mothers: more time with children’s (working or not) 2. Boys get more of their fathers time than girls

Test 2 Flashcards by Alex prine

1) Changing Economy and Work
a. Early colonial America:
b. 19th century:
c. 20th century:

a. Agricultural
b. shift from agricultural to industrial
c. industrial to post-industrial

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separate spheres

cult of domesticity/cult of true womanhood

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2) Recession
a.Unemployment and families
i.Stress: does 3 things
unemployment higher for who?

–endanger relationships,
contribute to domestic violence
harm children’s social well being
ii. Unemployment: higher for minority groups

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Minimum wage: hourly, weekly, annually

and Living wage

7.50 hourly
300 weekly
15,600 annually
Ordinances require pay at 100% to 130% of poverty line

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5 Nonstandard work schedules

part-time
subcontracted
temporary
night
irregular work schedules

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Health Insurance and Reform 2010

1) what type of coverage
2) credits if?
3) illegal to deny what or rise hat?
4) whats expanded?
5) what do poor people get?

Mandatory coverage
Credits if other access is unavailable
Illegal to deny coverage or raise premiums based
Medicaid will be expanded
Federal-state health care for some poor people

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f. 2009— how many Americans had no health insurance?

1 in?

52 million

1 in 6

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Household labor

unpaid work to maintain family members and/or home

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Routine household labor

tasks that must be performed

2. Cooking or cleaning

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Occasional Labor

tasks that are more flexible and less frequent

2. household repairs or yard care

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for every 1 hour a man does chores the woman does?

does 2-3 hours

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what parent spends more time with family

- who gets more time with the father?

Mothers: more time with children’s (working or not)

2. Boys get more of their fathers time than girls

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changes in house work. who is raising and who is declining?
who has increased and by how much?
is family work yet equal?

Men may be rising, and women declining
Men’s time increased by 30-50% over past generation
no equal family work

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explanations to household changes

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what is “Doing Gender”?

Housework ingrained as women’s work
Gendered norms
Makes division of household labor seem fair even when not equal

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f. Children’s labor in the home
what determines it?
when is it set?

Socialization and/or need for help

Gendered by teen years

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in the Work-family conflict pressures of what are incompatable

Pressures of paid work and family roles are incompatable

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what is Role Overload

Overwhelmed by commitments without enough time for them

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Spillover

i. Moods, experiences, and demands of one sphere carry over or spill over into the other

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i. Day care centers
ii. family child care providers
iii. Nannies/babysitters
i. Self-care (latch-key)

child care in non residential facilities
Child care in another private home
Child care in the home by a non relative
unsupervised and taking care of themselves

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The effects of mothers’ employment on children

what is the most important factor

mixed

Quality of care that the child experiences is the most important factor

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i. Early Childhood Education and Child Care Policies (ECEC)
1) available where?
2) education starts at what ages in us
3) s enhance and support children’s what?

1 in other countries as a right

2) 5-7
3) cognitive, social, and emotional development

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Head Start program in the US restricted to?

1.Restricted to at-risk children

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power and who do we associate with it?

who makes the decisions is based on what?

force people to do your wishes associated with max weber

based on personal and economics resources

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7) Gillespie: “The Marital Struggle: Who has the power?” 5 componets

a. Income b. Values and beliefs c. Physical strength d. Education e. Organizational involvement

b. Any act of gender violence that results in or is likely to result in physical, sexual, or psychological harm and suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion, or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, this is what?

Gender-based violence definition by UN General Assembly

Trafficking of women and girls how many world wide?

12 million estimate in world ( U.S. Dept. of State)

a. Violence between those who are emotionally or sexually intimate, such as spouses, partners, or those who are dating b. Violence: physical, economic, sexual or psychological abuse and combinations of these - 2 definitions of what?

Intimate partner violence (IPV)

Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) 1) comes from who 2) Violence scale based on responses about dealing with disagreements in relationships

1) (Murray Strauss and colleagues) | 2) responses about dealing with disagreements in relationships

Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) continued - is there aggressive responces? - what type of aggressive responses?

- Non aggressive responses | - Psychologically and physically

Common Couple violence (CCV) | arises how?

Arises out of a specific argument with at least one partner lashes out physically

Intimate terrorism(IT)

Motivated by a desire to control the other partner

Violent resistance (VR)

Associated with self defense

Mutual violent control (MVC)

Pattern with both partners controlling and violent

Stalking | affects how many people annually

Obsessive contact or tracking of another that is unwanted and causes a reasonable person to be fearful Affects 3.4 million adults annually

g. Violence in same-sex relationships i. Abuse in gay and lesbian relationships is? ii. Approximately iii. violence, a single even or pattern?

similar to or higher than heterosexual relationships - 25-30% - Violence is usually not a single event but a pattern in the relationship

Dating violence a. who experiences the highest rates of violence? by who b. Dating violence experiences are significantly related to

- Young women ages 16-24, by current or previous boyfriend | - substance abuse, risky sexual behaviors, and suicide

6) Sexual aggression and rape - % of college women are raped in a given 9 month academic year? - % of victims and perpetrators know each other

3% approximately 80%

a. Youth b. Low levels of Education c. Low income or employment problems d. Drug/alcohol use e. Abuse in family of orientation f. Personal traits what are these?

Factors Associated with Violence

these are Consequences of? a. Physical health issues b. Mental health issues c. Unhealthy behaviors d. Societal consequences

of Violence

how much of violent acts go unreported? | remember: leaving is a process

3/4ths of violent acts unreported to law enforcement

1) Child Abuse

a. Attack on child that results in an injury and violates social norms

2) Types of child abuse | 4 of them

a. Physical abuse b. Neglect and medical neglect-fail to provide basic needs c. Psychological maltreatment-verbal or mental d. Sexual abuse

a. Stress b. Social isolation c. Learned behavior (from behavior) d. Unrealistic parental expectations e. Demographic characteristics i. Age, SES, marital status these are factors that what?

3) Factors Contributing to Child Abuse

1) Elder abuse - is it reported? - what is the cycle of violence?

c. Most cases go unreported d. Cycle of violence (Freeman 1979) i. Adults abused as kids are more likely to abuse their parents when the parents are old

Explanations for Violence and Abuse 2 of them tell about the macro causes and the micro causes

1) Societal and cultural causes (macro) a. Patriarchy b. Cultural norms support violence c. Family privacy 2) Individual-level causes (micro) a. Learning norms and behaviors, including violence b. Stress

a. Growing movement for tougher laws b. More enforcement of those laws c. Training those who work with victims and offenders d. Offer protection and services for victims these are notes on?

1) Zero Tolerance in the legal and criminal justice Systems

conjugal violence

most homicides: bedroom | Time: evening or late evening on weekend

3 Parenting goals:

i. Health and survival ii. Learn economic maintenance iii. Learns cultural values

i. People start as blank slates ii. A process iii. Internalize culture iv. Develop sense of self components of?

components of socialization

Jean Piaget

i. Four levels of cognitive development ii. From perception thru the senses to iii. Abstract thought for problem solving

Charles Horton Cooley

i. Looking glass self | ii. Develop our sense of self from others

g. George Herbert Mead

Role taking | Move thru three stages

how do people rise children to act good

iii. Repressive socialization (lower levels) 1. Punishment iv. Participatory socialization (upper levels) 1. rewards

3. Parenting styles a. Authoritative b. Authoritarian c. Permissive d. The best is?

a) High levels of control, but warm and receptive b) Strict, punitive, and not very warm c) Few Controls on the child d) Authoritative

Fathering As an identity As an activity

as identity: More in domestic life, not the sole breadwinner | as activity: involvement increasing

Teen Parents 3 Documented negative consequences, are pregnancies declining?

1. Low birth rates (weight) 2. higher infant mortality 3. depressed mothers yes decline

c. Lesbian and Gay Families how many are parents?

7 million

Grand Parents how many acting as parent | are family allowances availible in the us

7 million | no

2. Fertility a. Births per woman in US- is about? b. Also Children born per? c. Higher in what countries

- about 2 - 1000 population - developing Countries (as opposed to developed countries

e. China in 1980 - Delay marriage how long? - Fecundity- - they had what policy?

-2 years -captures the biological possibility of childbirth, how many baby’s could a woman have? -One-child policy

what is happening to parenthood in the US? | who prefers children more, men or women?

It is being delayed | men want children more

% report stress, conflict, marital satisfaction drop on becoming a parent

40-70%

The Family Medical Leave Act

50 employees 12 weeks of unpaid leave (men and women)

a. Crude divorce rate b. Refined divorce rate c. Cross-sectional

A. # of divorces per 1000 people B. # of divorces per 1000 married women C.Divorce rates at one time

how long does couple need to stay togther if they are likely to make it?

If couples make it 15 years, they are likely to stay together

Greenstein

1. 5000 females married in 1969 2. followed 15 years a. 1/3 of divorces in 5 years b. 2/3 of divorces in 10 years c. 20.5 % divorced within the 15 years

Cross-cultural comparisons | Murdock (1950)

Studied 40 small, preliterate societies

Goode (1993)

a “way of sifting” candidates for the family

Why variation

i. higher development, more ii. influence of dominant religion iii. patriarchal societies, less

i. Changes in the laws 1. No-fault divorce ii. Women’s employment iii. Changing attitudes toward divorce iv. Cultural norms these are and at what level?

Factors Associated with divorce at the | Macro level

Micro-level reasons for divorse - what happened to parents? - how old are you? - children? - education - money - are you alike?

i. Parental divorce ii. Age at marriage iii. Presence of children iv. Non marital childbearing v. Race and ethnicity vi. Education vii. Income viii. Degree of similarity between spouses

a. Emotional dimension b. Legal dimension c. Parental dimension i. Legal custody ii. Joint legal custody iii. Physical custody d. Economic dimension i. Child support ii. Alimony these are dimensions of what?

dimensions of divorse

Covenant marriage

i. Louisiana, Arkansas, Arizona | ii. Permits more ridged legal requirements for marriage and divorce

What is the great u turn

Wages start to decline

Test 2 Flashcards

(75 cards)