test 2

Question 1

apical meristem

Answer 1

causes primary growth, occurs in tips of shoots and roots, produces new leaves and flowers, lateral growth

Question 2

lateral meristems

Answer 2

causes secondary growth, occurs at the cambium, produces bark on trees

Question 3

three types of ground tissue

Answer 3

parenchyma tissue, collenchyma tissue, sclerenchyma tissue

Question 4

parenchyma tissue

Answer 4

in living thin-walled cells, has a loose stucture with intercellular airspace (potatoe)

Question 5

collenchyma tissue

Answer 5

is an elongated cell wall with a thick living tissue (celery)

Question 6

sclerenchyma tissue

Answer 6

dead support tissue with thick cell walls mostly is woody stems, cell shape; fibres and sclereids. pears

Question 7

different types of soil

Answer 7

clay, loam, sand, silt

Question 8

clay

Answer 8

less permeable, holds more water, smaller pores

Question 9

sand

Answer 9

more permeable, holds less water, larger pores

Question 10

what is the organic portion of soil

Answer 10

humus

Question 11

monocot root

Answer 11

fiberous/adventitous roots, from the stem, phloem stayed around the edges

Question 12

dicot root

Answer 12

tap root, from the embryonic root, phloem has a cross section

Question 13

monocot stem

Answer 13

the vascular bundles are speratic

Question 14

dicot stems

Answer 14

the phloem, xylem, and sclerenchyma are all in one called the vascular bundle around the edge of the stem

Question 15

monocot leaf

Answer 15

parallel venation

Question 16

dicot leaf

Answer 16

net/reticulate venation

Question 17

adventitious roots

Answer 17

they dont grow from pre-existing root tissue, prop roots/stilt roots, pothos mint and corn

Question 18

aerial roots

Answer 18

grows above ground

Question 19

difference between a potato and sweet potato

Answer 19

potatoes are tubers, underground stem used to store sugar.
sweet potatoes are tuberous roots

Question 20

what is the structure found in roots

Answer 20

pericycle

Question 21

where do lateral roots originate

Answer 21

nodes

Question 22

what are the structures found in leaves

Answer 22

upper and lower epidermis, palisade and spongy mesophyll, and vascular bundles

Question 23

different leaf arrangments

Answer 23

alternate, opposite, whorled

Question 24

thornes

Answer 24

grows from the stem (mesquite tree)

Question 25

spines

Answer 25

grows as in replacement for leaves (cacti)

Question 26

prickles

Answer 26

grows anywhere

Question 27

modified roots

Answer 27

storage, climbing, bulbs, thorns, tendrils

Question 28

modified stems

Answer 28

rhizomes, tuber, corms, stolons, cladophlls

Question 29

modified leaves

Answer 29

succulents, spines, tendrils, floral leaves

Question 30

cotyledon

Answer 30

an embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants

Question 31

storage organs in plants

Answer 31

rhizomes, corms, bulbs, tubers

Question 32

Why are some plants deciduous?

Answer 32

to help with water retention, perennials

Question 33

mycorrhizae fungus

Answer 33

ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae

Question 34

root nodules

Answer 34

nitrogen fixing bacteria

Question 35

how is wood structured

Answer 35

heartwood, sapwood, vascular cambium, living phloem, cork

Question 36

major function of roots

Answer 36

absorption, anchoring, storage

Question 37

major function of stems

Answer 37

growth, conduction, photosynthesis, support, storage

Question 38

functions of leaves

Answer 38

photosynthesis

Question 39

how do plants know which way to grow

Answer 39

phototropism/ positive gravitropism

Question 40

lenticel

Answer 40

allows the passage of air through the bark/skin on stems, fruits, and tubers

Question 41

trichomes

Answer 41

can be found on stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits

Question 42

tendril

Answer 42

curly specialized stem or leaf

Question 43

bulliform cell

Answer 43

at the bottom of a monocot leaf, helps the leaf curl to conserve water

Question 44

stoma

Answer 44

at the bottom of dicot leaves to allow evaporation and to "breath"

Question 45

procambium

Answer 45

meristematic tissue that produces the primary vascular system of plants

Question 46

ground meristem

Answer 46

will form the ground tissues comprising parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma cells

Question 47

protoderm

Answer 47

which will become the vascular tissues (xylem and phloem)

Question 48

vascular cambium

Answer 48

the main growth tissue

Question 49

cork cambium

Answer 49

unspecialized cells lying between the epidermis and the vasular tissues

Question 50

porosity

Answer 50

measurement of space between rocks

Question 51

permeability

Answer 51

how easy it is for liquids to flow

Question 52

soil nutrients

Answer 52

carbon, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus

Question 53

auxin

Answer 53

promotes growth within the stem

Question 54

springwood

Answer 54

larger cells produced in the spring

Question 55

summerwood

Answer 55

cells grow smaller until the tree goes dormant

Question 56

stipule

Answer 56

the small leaves at the base of a big leaf

Question 57

abscission layer

Answer 57

when a plant purposely creates a layer to cut off a leave without harming itself