Test 2 Flashcards by Emily Wiscomb

What are some requirements of impression materials?

Ease of manipulation
Reasonable onset
Adequate viscosity
Resist tearing and permanent deformation
Safety

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When do you use impression materials?

Fixed restoratives
Removable appliances
Esthetic Appliances

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Define rigid.

unable to remove from undercuts

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Define flexible.

Capable of removal from undercuts

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Define hydrocolloid

a colloidal suspension in which water is the liquid

Water+liquid

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Define colloid

substance dispersed evenly throughout another substance

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What is agar?

organic hydrophilic colloid (polysaccharide) extracted from seaweed

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T/F. Reversible hydrocolloid/s change from a liquid to a rubber like gel by changing temperature.

True

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What are some properties of an irreversible hydrocolloid?

easy to manipulate
does not require expensive equipment
Cannot be used to fabricate indirect restorations

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What is an example of an irreversible hydrocolloid?

Alginate

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Define imbibition.

taking on water

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Define syneresis.

Shrinkage, loss of moisture

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What are some inelastic materials?

plaster
compound
ZOE

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Polysulfide’s:

Elastomer
Sulfer-bad odor
Catalyst is lead

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Polyether:

Elastomer
irritates skin
poor tear strength
shortest working time

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Condensation Silicones:

Elastomer

gives off water/shrinks

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Addition Silicones: (polyvinylsiloxane)

Elastomer

No shrinkage as it sets

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What is gypsum?

category of calcium sulfate materials
plaster
stone
die stone

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What are models?

replicas of hard and soft tissue for study

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What is a cast?

working replicas of hard and soft tissues for use in the fabrication of appliances or restorations

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What are dies?

working replicas of one or more teeth

used for the fabrication of a restoration

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What are epoxy dies?

made by mixing epoxy material and forcing it into the impression

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When gypsum is mixed with water, what is left?

hemihydrate

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What is plaster?

white

porous irregularly shaped particles

What is dental stone?

buff or yellow color heated under pressure creates denser more regular shaped particles

What type of mixing reaction occurs with gypsum products?

exothermic reaction

What is potassium sulfate used for?

decreases setting time

What is borax used for?

increases setting time

What is type 1 plaster/stone?

impression plaster

What is type 2 plaster/stone?

model plaster

What is type 3 plaster/stone?

lab stone

What is type 4 plaster/stone?

die stone

What is a synthetic resin?

non metallic compound | can be mold to form plastic

What is a full denture?

replacement for all the teeth and associated structures in one arch

What is a partial denture?

replaces some of the teeth and related structures

What is a conventional denture?

all necessary sugary is completed BEFORE denture is delivered

What is an immediate denture?

constructed prior to extractions or any necessary surgery, delivered when final extractions are done

What is a cu-sil partial denture?

acrylic tissue bearing appliance with soft elastomeric gaskets which clasps the neck of each natural tooth

What is an obturator used for ?

cleft lip/palate

What is the base of a denture?

mimics the soft tissue and fits over the alveolar ridge

What is the flange of the denture?

extends vertically from the teeth toward the mucobuccal fold

What is the periphery/border of a denture?

the edge located at the deepest part of the flange

What is the framework of a partial denture?

metal skeleton

What is the connector/bar of a partial denture?

link between parts of the framework

What is the saddle of a denture?

overlies the soft tissue and supports the artificial teeth

What is a clasp on a denture?

extension that partially encircles abutment teeth, provides horizontal stability

What is a rest on a denture?

small, metal extension near a clasp that fits into a prepared depression on an abutment tooth, provides vertical support

What is a valplast partial?

no metal, soft and bendy

What is the composition of prosthetic resins?

liquid monomer combined with polymer powder methacrylic acid (monomer) polymethylmethacrylate (polymer)

What is vinyl used for in dentures?

softening

What is styrene for?

hardening

What is a soft liner for?

tissue conditioning

What is the most common polymerization?

Addition polymerization

What is stainless steel used in?

pediatric crowns ortho dental instruments

What is cobalt chromium in?

ortho wires partial denture frameworks palatal portion of dentures *This will tarnish in chlorine

What is nickel chromium in?

PFM's bridges this is corrosion resistant

What is titanium used in?

implants ortho wires endo files Has memory

What is a Schwarz appliance for?

transverse development | side to side

What is a sagittal appliance for?

front to back development | anterior crossbite