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Dental Materials > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some requirements of impression materials?

A 
Ease of manipulation
Reasonable onset
Adequate viscosity
Resist tearing and permanent deformation
Safety
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2
Q

When do you use impression materials?

A

Fixed restoratives
Removable appliances
Esthetic Appliances

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3
Q

Define rigid.

A

unable to remove from undercuts

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4
Q

Define flexible.

A

Capable of removal from undercuts

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5
Q

Define hydrocolloid

A

a colloidal suspension in which water is the liquid

Water+liquid

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6
Q

Define colloid

A

substance dispersed evenly throughout another substance

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7
Q

What is agar?

A

organic hydrophilic colloid (polysaccharide) extracted from seaweed

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8
Q

T/F. Reversible hydrocolloid/s change from a liquid to a rubber like gel by changing temperature.

A

True

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9
Q

What are some properties of an irreversible hydrocolloid?

A

easy to manipulate
does not require expensive equipment
Cannot be used to fabricate indirect restorations

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10
Q

What is an example of an irreversible hydrocolloid?

A

Alginate

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11
Q

Define imbibition.

A

taking on water

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12
Q

Define syneresis.

A

Shrinkage, loss of moisture

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13
Q

What are some inelastic materials?

A

plaster
compound
ZOE

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14
Q

Polysulfide’s:

A

Elastomer
Sulfer-bad odor
Catalyst is lead

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15
Q

Polyether:

A

Elastomer
irritates skin
poor tear strength
shortest working time

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16
Q

Condensation Silicones:

A

Elastomer

gives off water/shrinks

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17
Q

Addition Silicones: (polyvinylsiloxane)

A

Elastomer

No shrinkage as it sets

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18
Q

What is gypsum?

A

category of calcium sulfate materials
plaster
stone
die stone

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19
Q

What are models?

A

replicas of hard and soft tissue for study

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20
Q

What is a cast?

A

working replicas of hard and soft tissues for use in the fabrication of appliances or restorations

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21
Q

What are dies?

A

working replicas of one or more teeth

used for the fabrication of a restoration

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22
Q

What are epoxy dies?

A

made by mixing epoxy material and forcing it into the impression

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23
Q

When gypsum is mixed with water, what is left?

A

hemihydrate

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24
Q

What is plaster?

A

white

porous irregularly shaped particles

25
Q

What is dental stone?

A

buff or yellow color
heated under pressure
creates denser more regular shaped particles

26
Q

What type of mixing reaction occurs with gypsum products?

A

exothermic reaction

27
Q

What is potassium sulfate used for?

A

decreases setting time

28
Q

What is borax used for?

A

increases setting time

29
Q

What is type 1 plaster/stone?

A

impression plaster

30
Q

What is type 2 plaster/stone?

A

model plaster

31
Q

What is type 3 plaster/stone?

A

lab stone

32
Q

What is type 4 plaster/stone?

A

die stone

33
Q

What is a synthetic resin?

A

non metallic compound

can be mold to form plastic

34
Q

What is a full denture?

A

replacement for all the teeth and associated structures in one arch

35
Q

What is a partial denture?

A

replaces some of the teeth and related structures

36
Q

What is a conventional denture?

A

all necessary sugary is completed BEFORE denture is delivered

37
Q

What is an immediate denture?

A

constructed prior to extractions or any necessary surgery, delivered when final extractions are done

38
Q

What is a cu-sil partial denture?

A

acrylic tissue bearing appliance with soft elastomeric gaskets which clasps the neck of each natural tooth

39
Q

What is an obturator used for ?

A

cleft lip/palate

40
Q

What is the base of a denture?

A

mimics the soft tissue and fits over the alveolar ridge

41
Q

What is the flange of the denture?

A

extends vertically from the teeth toward the mucobuccal fold

42
Q

What is the periphery/border of a denture?

A

the edge located at the deepest part of the flange

43
Q

What is the framework of a partial denture?

A

metal skeleton

44
Q

What is the connector/bar of a partial denture?

A

link between parts of the framework

45
Q

What is the saddle of a denture?

A

overlies the soft tissue and supports the artificial teeth

46
Q

What is a clasp on a denture?

A

extension that partially encircles abutment teeth, provides horizontal stability

47
Q

What is a rest on a denture?

A

small, metal extension near a clasp that fits into a prepared depression on an abutment tooth, provides vertical support

48
Q

What is a valplast partial?

A

no metal, soft and bendy

49
Q

What is the composition of prosthetic resins?

A

liquid monomer combined with polymer powder
methacrylic acid (monomer)
polymethylmethacrylate (polymer)

50
Q

What is vinyl used for in dentures?

A

softening

51
Q

What is styrene for?

A

hardening

52
Q

What is a soft liner for?

A

tissue conditioning

53
Q

What is the most common polymerization?

A

Addition polymerization

54
Q

What is stainless steel used in?

A

pediatric crowns
ortho
dental instruments

55
Q

What is cobalt chromium in?

A

ortho wires
partial denture frameworks
palatal portion of dentures
*This will tarnish in chlorine

56
Q

What is nickel chromium in?

A

PFM’s
bridges
this is corrosion resistant

57
Q

What is titanium used in?

A

implants
ortho wires
endo files
Has memory

58
Q

What is a Schwarz appliance for?

A

transverse development

side to side

59
Q

What is a sagittal appliance for?

A

front to back development

anterior crossbite

Dental Materials (2 decks)

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