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Psych of Aging > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

3 approaches/personality structures

A

dispositional traits
personal concerns
life narrative

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2
Q

dispositional traits (personality structure 1)

A

trait is any distinguishable enduring way a person differs from others. personality is stable across contexts.

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3
Q

facets

A

characteristics within a trait

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4
Q

five factor model

A

NEOAC
fairly consistent across cultures

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5
Q

neuroticism

A

ability to handle stress and emotions

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6
Q

extraversion

A

excitement seeking, warmth, activity, assertiveness

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7
Q

openness

A

more liberal in values, theoretical thinking, creative

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8
Q

agreeableness

A

trust, compliance, altruism
opposite is antagonism

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9
Q

conscientiousness

A

self-discipline, hard-working, ambitious
poor executive functioning correlated to low conscientiousness

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10
Q

which personality traits are associated with longevity

A

high conscientiousness and low neuroticism

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11
Q

personality traits stabilize when

A

age 30

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12
Q

personality changes

A

NEO go down and AC go up with age

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13
Q

personal concerns (personality structure 2)

A

people are more than their traits, concerns reflect what people want a particular times in their lives, change over time.

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14
Q

jung’s theory

A

all aspects of personality must be in balance, people organized into orientations, introversion vs extraversion

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15
Q

myer’s theory

A

16 personality types, workforce

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16
Q

erikson’s lifespan theory

A

8 stages of development, struggle between two crises, people must solve them to continue developing

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17
Q

epigenetic principle (erikson’s theory)

A

each crisis occurs during a specific time

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18
Q

life narratives (personality structure 3)

A

internal, evolving story and anticipated future, mcadam’s life story model

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19
Q

number of possible selves ____ with age

A

decreases

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20
Q

LGBT group with higher health disparities

A

bi and trans older adults

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21
Q

LGBT older adults are more likely to retire early due to health problems t/f?

A

t

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22
Q

Criminal justice population is again more rapidly than U.S. population t/f?

A

t

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23
Q

accelerated aging

A

the age a prisoner is considered to be older is lower than non prisoner (50-55)

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24
Q

most common geriatric syndrome in prison

A

cognitive impairment

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25
Q

fredrikensen goldsen model explaining minority status related to sexual identity can result in variation of health

A

health equity promotion model

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26
Q

responses to older prisoners with dementia

A

unit for cognitivelt impaired, true grit program, and gold coats

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27
Q

neuropsychology

A

compares healthy adults to individuals with brain damage

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28
Q

lateralization

A

one side of hemisphere shows greater activation in task, left or right brained

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29
Q

frontal lobe function

A

executive function, planning

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30
Q

temporal lobe

A

verbal and auditory processing

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31
Q

parietal lobe

A

somatosensory

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32
Q

occipital lobe

A

visual processing, balance

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33
Q

hippocampus

A

memory headquarters, reduced with AD

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34
Q

amygdala

A

emotional headquarters

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35
Q

emotional based learning involves

A

amygdala, hippocampus, frontal lone

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36
Q

fear conditioning

A

little albert experiment

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37
Q

lobe/brain regions most susceptible to age

A

frontal and prefrontal

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38
Q

dendrite

A

receives message

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39
Q

terminal buttons

A

transmit message to synapse

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40
Q

axon

A

transmits message

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41
Q

fight or flight transmitters

A

excitatory transmitters (sympathetic)

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42
Q

age related changes to neurons

A

tangles develop in axon fibers, increased deposits of proteins (AD staples)

43
Q

corpus callosum

A

connects brain hemispheres

44
Q

contralaterality

A

right side of brain controls left, vice versa

45
Q

structural imaging

A

CT, MRI, DTI

46
Q

functional imaging

A

EEG, PET, SPECT, fMRI

47
Q

ecology of aging

A

where, when, and why decide to move

48
Q

person environment fit

A

individual is good match for environment and env. is good match for them

49
Q

aging in place

A

most highly preferred aging environment, want to live in the same place and not move b/c impairment

50
Q

continuum of care

A

level of service/care changes as we age

51
Q

kahana congruence model

A

older adults with particular needs seek environments that best meet those needs

52
Q

lawton and nahemow theory

A

environmental press and competency

53
Q

attkinson and shiffrin model of information processing

A

sensory memory > short term memory > long term memory

54
Q

sensory memory lasts ___

A

a few seconds

55
Q

executive functioning is

A

what we choose to pay attention to
planning, sequencing, coordinating, complex goals

56
Q

useful field of view

A

area from which one can extract visual information in a single glance without eye or head movement

57
Q

short term memory holds ___

A

7 +/-2 bits of information

58
Q

storage capacity for short term memory enhanced by

A

chunking, maintenance rehearsal, and meaningful elaboration (best)

59
Q

working memory

A

turns short term to long term memory (digit span forward/backward)

60
Q

semantic memory

A

vocabulary and spelling (long term memory)

61
Q

procedural memory

A

skill like dancing (long term memory)

62
Q

semantic encoding

A

makes information meaningful

63
Q

implicit vs explicit memory

A

explicit is intentional and conscious remembering while implicit doesn’t know where it came from, effortless (best buy sign is blue)

64
Q

episodic memory decline sharply after __

A

65

65
Q

priming

A

exposing someone to something before they know they are being tested on it (implicit memory)

66
Q

clive wearing case

A

encephalitis led to severe damage of hippocampus

67
Q

most age related cognitive decline is associate with decline in ________

A

sensory perception and processing speed

68
Q

prospective memory

A

remembering to do something based on even and time cues

69
Q

what are the strongest types of memories?

A

emotional memories (amygdala is close to the hippocampus)

70
Q

only domain of cognition that remains intact and sees some improvement with age

A

language/verbal abilites

71
Q

theory of multiple intelligence

A

8 distinct intelligences

72
Q

wechsler adult intelligence test

A

iq test

73
Q

crystalized intelligence ___ with age

A

does not decrease with age

74
Q

the only intervention proven to delay the onset of dementia

A

cognitive reserve

75
Q

cognitive impairment pre 1980

A

organic brain syndrome

76
Q

cognitive impairment post 1980

A

dementia

77
Q

delerium

A

disturbance in consciousness and change in cognition for a short period of time, may fluctuate

78
Q

is dementia increasing or decreasing

A

decreasing

79
Q

preclinical stage of cognitive aging

A

silent phase, brain changes without measurable symptoms

80
Q

is most alzheimer’s disease early or late onset

A

late

81
Q

common dementia issues

A

wandering, driving, agitation, sun downing

82
Q

mild cognitive impairment

A

intermediate between normalcy and dementia, mostly in episodic memory, targeted for pharmacological interventions

83
Q

MMSE

A

more severe stage of dementia (more specific to dementia)

84
Q

MoCA

A

more sensitive to MCI, pre levels

85
Q

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

memory symptom treatment

86
Q

phase 1 of clinical trials

A

safety and proper dose (15-50 ppl)

87
Q

phase 2 of clinical trials

A

effectiveness and side effects (>100 ppl)

88
Q

phase 3 of clinical trials

A

new treatment vs existing treatment (hundreds of ppl)

89
Q

phase 4 of clinical trials

A

approved and available (thousands of ppl)

90
Q

Men’s friendships tend to be based on ____

A

Shared activities

91
Q

Women’s friendships tend to be based on ____

A

Intimate emotional sharing

92
Q

Historically, ____ suggested older adults withdrew from society

A

Disengagement theory

93
Q

Socioemotional selectivity theory

A

Older people selectively prune their relationships (value close not distant relationships)

94
Q

Convoy theory (antonucci)

A

Social relationships include people leaving and joining a group with age

95
Q

REGARDS and CARES

A

stroke patients longitudinal caregiving study

96
Q

Schulz and beach study

A

Showed spouse caregivers had higher mortality than noncaregivers (other studies disprove)

97
Q

Paradox of leisure

A

People who most need it gave more obstacles to participate

98
Q

Preferred leisure activities are based on ____

A

Perceived competence and psychological comfort

99
Q

Ability to adapt to aging process model (rowe and k)

A

Freedom from disease and disability, high cognitive and physical functioning, and active engagement with life

100
Q

Valiant model

A

Health criteria: no physical disability at age 75, good subjective health, length of undisabled life. Has social criteria too.

101
Q

Harmonious aging

A

Multiple ways to age well, based on people’s happiness with life

102
Q

Set point perspective

A

Biologically determined boundaries for level of wellbeing individual experiences

103
Q

Subjective wellbeing

A

Positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction

Psych of Aging (1 decks)

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