Test 2 Flashcards
Active Shooter incidents are dynamic, fast-paced incidents requiring a multidisciplinary response to mitigate the hazard and treat the wounded. Successful
_____ and___ are required.
inter-agency communication and collaboration
Statistically, the assault portion of an Active Shooter event
is over in less than ___minutes.
10
It is likely that an Active Shooter incident will initially be dispatched as an
____, and then be updated
to an Active Shooter incident as more information is reported to
dispatchers.
AS1- Shooting (single engine/ medic unit response)
Police radio 10-code for deceased person
“55” -
10-code for suspect in custody
10-61 or 61
10-code for suspect in custody
10-61 or 61
An Armed person(s) who is/ are actively engaged in
using deadly physical force and continues to do so while having
unrestricted access to additional victims.
Active shooter
A location established by Medical Branch to collect victims and begin triage and
MCI protocols.
CCP casualty collection point
Areas that have been fully cleared and secured or are known
to be free from active hazards.
cold zone
a position behind a visual block – the threat cannot see this
location, but concealment does not provide ballistic protection. - i.e. thick
shrubbery, non-masonry wall, etc.
concealment
Police teams made up of 2 to 3 Law
Enforcement Officers used to locate and neutralize the threat. These teams
may access the hot zone from multiple locations.
Contact team
a position behind an object that provides both visual and
ballistics protection – i.e. thick masonry wall/ column, concrete planters,
etc.
hard cover
Areas that have not been cleared by Law Enforcement and
may still pose an active threat. The hot zone may be mobile or there may
be multiple hot zones based on reports of the threat’s location or if
explosive/incendiary devices have been deployed by the threat.
hot zone
Law Enforcement/ Law Enforcement Officer
LE/LEO
Large open area adjacent to the CCP with the
ability to provide access/ egress for ambulances – (i.e.- parking lot, side
road).
Pt treatment area
Made up of 2-4 people to transport non-ambulatory patients
by lift tarp over long distances. May be made up of fire personnel, police
officers, by-standers, or any combination thereof
porter team
Fire personnel used to access the warm zone to rapidly
treat and evacuate potential victims.
Rescue team
Due to circumstances or police action, suspect(s) may
be restricted to a location with limited or no access to victims - i.e. the
suspect is barricaded in a room.
Restricted access
An access route into the warm zone that has been
secured by Law Enforcement. This will generally run between the
Casualty Collection Point, established by medical branch, and the Victim
Staging Area, established by Law Enforcement
Safety corridor
Portland Police Bureau’s
special operations and tactical team.
Special emergency reaction team
Generic term used for Law
Enforcement special operations teams within the region
Special weapons and tactics
An area preferably out of direct line of sight of reported
incident. Multiple staging areas may be considered when the hot zone is
large or mobile. While in staging attempt to use natural and manmade
barriers for concealment and/ or cover.
staging
Washington County’s special
operations and tactical team.
tactical negiotion team
By virtue of the suspect’s mobility, location, or
numbers of bystanders/ potential victims available, suspect(s) have
unrestricted access to victims – i.e. the shooter is moving and shooting
unrestricted access
A collection point for victims
established by Law Enforcement inside the warm zone. This will be
established and broadcast if LE comes across multiple victims and has the
ability to move them nearer to a single exit point where rescue teams can
gain faster access
Victim staging area
Areas that have been quickly cleared by Police, but are not
yet considered fully secured
warm zone
Depending on the speed with which the incident unfolds and the number of
patients encountered, it may be possible to rescue, triage, and load a limited
number of patients into waiting ambulances and bypass the ___
patient treatment area
At no time will PF&R responders knowingly operate in the hot zone, with the
exception of ___.
SERT Medics
All members will don their ____while operating at the scene
of an Active Shooter event.
traffic safety vests
All companies will collect their______ from their apparatus to be
stockpiled at the Casualty Collection Point.
Life Saving Intervention (LSI) kit, triage
tags (from MCI kit), and all lifting tarps
Does PFR ever remove gurneys from ambulances?
Under no circumstances do we
Police nets on our radios are in ___ Bank. However, keep in mind there are
some Police channels unavailable to PF&R radios. Unless under extreme
emergent circumstances, do not transmit on the Police talk group. Police
will “_____” when confronting or trying to sneak up on
suspects.
E, Hold the air
What command structure is used?
Unified command with PD
Rescue teams that are asked, by LE, to enter the
scene forward of the Victim Staging Area will be provided a security team
of no fewer than ____LE Officers
2
The only triage performed in the
warm zone is to determine if a patient is ___
dead or alive
The only patient treatment performed in the warm zone and at the CCP
will be___
Life-Saving Interventions (LSI’s)
If any explosions have occurred in or around the scene, patients should
also be scanned for ____, and de-conned per HazMat protocol before
entering the CCP.
radiation
4 Engines, 2 Trucks, Squad 1, 2 BCs, HS 18, 1
Ambulance
MCI response
How many ambulances on an ambulance strike team?
5
If an explosive device is discovered, BOEC may notify:
- Chief of the Bureau (C101)
- Division chief Emergency Operations (EOPS) (C102)
- Hazardous Material Training Lieutenant
When arriving at Staging, PF&R companies will position in their direction
of travel approximately _____ from the incident
address and out of the line of sight.
two blocks (at least 500 feet)
(at least 500 feet) from the incident
address and out of the line of sight. Companies will stage and not use
their mobile radios or cell phones within ____ of incident or hazard
zone boundary. Mobile radios have five times the output as the packsets and radios
100 feet
PF&R companies will not drive past
the _____, the “hazard zone”, to reach Staging
dispatch address
It is imperative that one person always assumes the responsibility for
____. First priority is____
staging, firefighter safety
All companies on scene should keep their _____ at hand, and turn units on if any explosions have occurred. Turn on the monitor, beta shield open and volume
control set at the highest level.
TBM-35 radiation monitors
Portland Fire & Rescue (PF&R) companies are issued one HazMat ___
badge and one Smart ____
Smart-Strip™, M-8 Nerve Agent Detector™ badge
Companies are to remove them from the cellophane wrapping and record the
____ of the HazMat Smart -Strip™ with an indelible ink pen on the
back of the badge
expiration date
Companies shall attach the badges to the ring on the Dräger gas monitor when
the Terrorist Threat Level is elevated to ____
Orange or Red.
The TBM 3S radiological monitor to determine the presence of
radiological material (i.e., _+___).
alpha, beta, and gamma
This monitor will be used to delineate the edge of the warm zone at ___ mR. The entrance to the warm zone shall be marked with two ____. The TBM 3S shall be
left at the edge of the warm zone with the handle placed in the top of one
of the traffic cones.
10, traffic cones
The Dräger gas monitor will detect oxygen deficient atmospheres, carbon
monoxide levels greater than ___ppm, and flammable/explosive
environments. The Dräger gas monitor shall be attached to the turnouts
of ____(or their designee) when working in the warm zone.
35,company officer
The Smart M-8 Nerve Agent Detector™ meets military specifications and will
detect nerve agents in an___ form (which is the most common dispersal
method).
aerosolized
A working fire in a center hallway apartment building will require a ____
greater alarm.
Door control is essential and may initially take precedence over____
fire attack
There are two main divisions of center hallway apartment buildings in Portland: ____
Old Law and New Construction.
Old Law buildings, also known as Chapter __buildings, were built in ____ or before
13, 1972
One of the challenges of fighting fire in these buildings is the number of ____that connect the floors of the building to each other and to the cockloft. Smoke travel and fire extension through these arteries and voids should be a major concern
vertical arteries
Most stairwells in older buildings originally were open to the hallways
and had a ___ at the top
large skylight
One of the duties of a roof team is to check ____ for victims. Without a roof team these victims are unlikely to be found until too lat
light wells and alleyways
Fire extending into a light or airshaft creates a very serious exposure risk for apartments directly across the shaft, on all floors above, and the ___
cockloft
Crossing at the___ of the
building is safer because buildings usually line up in the
front but may be different depths
front
One of the primary functions of the roof team (after checking the building faces and light wells for subjects requiring rescue) is to check ____ for fire extension
vertical shafts
Very large brick buildings
may have an internal steel frame known as ____ supporting the interior floors
channel rails
If wind may be a factor, ____ventilation should be delayed.
horizontal
Practicing good ___at all fires may allow crews to control the door when they encounter a wind-impacted fire
door control
Wind driven fires that require a tactical shift will almost always be on the ____
side of a building
Windward
If the fire has already entered the
hallway or is in danger of burning through the door it may not be prudent or feasible to attack from an ___
adjacent apartment
_____early breeds complacency and, in the event of a real fire, acts as an unintended message that everything is OK and residents can remain in, or even return to their rooms
Silencing the alarm
While alarms sounding
make communication difficult for interior crews, their importance should not be ignored as many
people will not evacuate until they smell smoke, see firefighters stretching hose, or the alarm continues to sound for more than ___ minutes.
10-15
The first line is stretched to ______
protect the main path of egress for occupants.
While the truck is locating the fire, the engine should investigate the
interior layout and locate the stairs. This should be done __ pulling hose from the hose bed
before
. Generally it is best to stretch from the engine on fires on the ___
fourth floor or below
The first hose line should be stretched up the ____
main interior stair well.
Generally no more than ___ lines should be stretched up a stairwell
2
If a fire attack team is forced to retreat to the stairwell or is ordered to withdraw or abandon the building they must attempt to _____
hold the stairwell until crews working above them have escaped.
There are three distinct areas of truck company responsibility on these fires: ____
The fire floor, above the fire, and the exterior of the building
The exterior duties of the truck crew include___. On lower floor fires evaluating the roof is still a priority of the exterior truck company
laddering the fire escape, the fire floor,
and the floor above
The inside truck is usually tasked with ____
locating the fire, forcible entry and search.
If a wind driven event is a possibility or if a large body of fire is expected in the apartment the fire unit door should not be opened until the___. In these circumstances it is important that the truck crew create an area of refuge for themselves prior to forcing entry to the fire unit. One of the best ways to do this is to force entry to the adjacent apartment on the same side of the hallway and toward the exit.
line is in place.
All top floor fires and those suspected of extension should have at least a ___assigned to the roof from the first alarm
full truck company
A fire in the apartments of a taxpayer should be treated in the same way as any ___
center hallway apartment
A working fire in a center hallway apartment will generally require___
a second alarm.
Apparatus placement will be influenced by many factors but priority must be given to____
truck companies
If Squad 1 or a third truck is not assigned on the first alarm it may be necessary
to _____)
temporarily split a truck or use an engine company for one of the truck functions
Due to the difficulty of the stretch, ____ should
take an active role in helping plan the route and line
selection
engine officers
Due to the difficulty of the stretch, ____ should
take an active role in helping plan the route and line
selection
engine officers
The third due engine is typically assigned to stretch the
second line. This line will go to the ____ if needed or to the ___ if not
fire floor as a back-up line, floor above
Currently, most apartment fires in the City of Portland occur within this style of
apartment building
garden style
Garden style apartments can be laid out in a variety of ways, and are built with different
methods. The most common construction method is____
platform framing with peaked truss roofs.
It is important to remember that unlike apartments, occupants in a motel are usually ____
unfamiliar with their surroundings
Decorative___and siding can also contribute to
fire spread
wood screens
Due to the layout of many garden style
apartments, long hose stretches may be required. The ___ is a good option for these fires.
bulk load
Most Garden Style apartments have ___ roofs, and fire will travel quickly along the ridge. Trench cuts should start at the ridge
peaked, ridge
Crews assigned to fire attack should ensure
searches and evacuation have been completed prior to ___
opening the attic
___should be anticipated once fire involves the
attic
collapse
Completing a search below a roof that is not tenable for roof operations is often still an
acceptable risk in a “___” or ____” rescue profile
confirmed or probable
___ is a high probability in a garden style apartmentfire
primary search
RDD
a Radiological Dispersal Device
(RDD), commonly referred to as a “dirty bomb.”
The principle type of RDD combines conventional explosives, such as dynamite,
with ____.
a radioactive material
RDD events are___ to contaminate victims in a way that will be harmful to
responders.
very unlikely
A second type of RDD might involve an ____
hidden in a public place, such as a trash receptacle at the Rose Garden or on a
busy downtown street, where people passing close to the source might get a
significant dose of radiation.
extremely powerful radioactive source
A dirty bomb is in no way a___
nuclear weapon
Crews responding to any
incidents involving a report of an explosion shall survey for the presence of
___ as they approach the scene.
radiation
Portland Fire & Rescue’s (PF&R) responsibilities during radiological emergencies
include: (TOP PRIORITY)
Hot zone rescue
Actual clean up and overhaul operations a pFR task
will not be a PF&R responsibility
Above .04 mR/hr
Contaminant is present
Above 10 mR/hr
Leave area
If radiological material has been detected, all members shall don their___
Canberra Mini-Radiac dosimeter.
If there is no viable rescue situation, PF&R personnel
should not be___
exposed to risk
If fire is part of the incident, evacuate the surrounding area to a distance of ___
2500 feet
Radiological material may be deposited externally or ingested during an
RDD event. More than___ of surface radioactive contamination can be
removed simply by having the patient remove their outer clothing.
90%
The principle of time/distance/shielding is the key to__
minimizing
exposure
Above all, treat the scene as a___ and patients as potential
crime victims or suspects. Consider evidence collection/retention and
watch for suspicious activity of individuals (e.g., individuals with
weapons). ___representatives must be immediately
notified when suspicious activities or packages are discovered.
crime scene, Law enforcement
