Test 2

Question 1

Federal System

Answer 1

System of government in which the national government and state governments share power and derive all authority from the people. Ex. US

Question 2

Confederation

Answer 2

Type of government in which the national government derives its powers from the states; a league of independent states. Ex. Articles of Confederation

Question 3

Unitary System

Answer 3

System of government in which the local and regional governments derive all authority from a strong national government. Ex. France/ England

Question 4

Enumerated powers

Answer 4

Powers of the national government specifically granted to Congress in Article I of the Constitution.

Question 5

Implied Powers

Answer 5

Powers of the national government derived from the enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause.

Question 6

Tenth Amendment

Answer 6

The final part of the Bill of Rights that defines the basis principles of American federalism in stating that the powers not delegated to the national government are reserved to the states or the people.

Question 7

Reserved Powers

Answer 7

Powers reserved to the states by the Tenth Amendment that lie at the foundation of a state’s right to legislate for the public health and welfare of its citizens.

Question 8

Concurrent Powers

Answer 8

Powers shared by the national and state governments.

Question 9

Bill of Attainder

Answer 9

A law declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial.

Question 10

Ex Post Facto Law

Answer 10

Law that makes an act punishable as a crime even if the action was legal at the time it was committed.

Question 11

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Answer 11

Ensures judicial decrees and contacts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state.

Question 12

Privileges and Immunities Clause

Answer 12

guarantees that the citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of all other states.

Question 13

Extradition Clause

Answer 13

Requires states to extradite criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial.

Question 14

Interstate Compacts

Answer 14

Contracts between states that carry the force of law; generally now used as a tool to address multistate policy concerns.

Question 15

Dillion’s Rule

Answer 15

states that local governments do not have any inherent sovereignty and instead must be authorized by state governments that can create or abolish them.

Question 16

Charter

Answer 16

Document that specifies the basic policies, procedures, and institutions of local government.

Question 17

County

Answer 17

The basic administrative unit of local government.

Question 18

Municipality

Answer 18

City government created in response to the emergence of relatively densely populated areas.

Question 19

Special Districts

Answer 19

A local government that is restricted to a particular function.

Question 20

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 20

Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank, using the Constitution’s supremacy clause.

Question 21

Gibbons v. Ogden

Answer 21

The supreme Court upheld broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce.

Question 22

Barron v. Baltimore

Answer 22

The Supreme Court ruled that the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment did not apply to the actions of states.

Question 23

Dual Federalism

Answer 23

The belief that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement.

Question 24

Nullification

Answer 24

The right of a state to declare void a federal law.

Question 25

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Answer 25

The Supreme Court concluded that the US Congress lacked the Constitutional authority to bar slavery in the territories.

Question 26

Cooperative Federlism

Answer 26

The intertwined relationship between the national, state, and local governments that began with the New Deal. Marble Cake

Question 27

New Deal

Answer 27

NAme given to the program of Relief, Recovery, Reform began by FDR to bring the US out of the Great Depression.

Question 28

Categorical Grant

Answer 28

Grant that appropriates federal funds to states for a specific purpose.

Question 29

New Federalism

Answer 29

Federal-State relationship proposed by Reagan. Returned administrative powers tot he state government.

Question 30

Block Grant

Answer 30

Large grant given to a state by the federal government with only general spending guidelines.

Question 31

Unfunded Mandates

Answer 31

States told to do something when they don’t have the money to do it.

Question 32

Programmatic Request

Answer 32

Federal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional district.

Question 33

Preemption

Answer 33

A concept that allows the national government to override state or local actions in certain policy areas.

Question 34

Progressive Federalism

Answer 34

A pragmatic approach to federalism that views relations between national and state government as both coercive and cooperative.

Question 35

Federalist Papers

Answer 35

Written to gain support for the ratification of the constitution.

Question 36

Devolution

Answer 36

returning power back to the states.