Test 2 Flashcards
What did Carpenter,2012 find in their study?
Found these FB patterns (and others) to be associated with low self-esteem and higher narcissism
What is object relations?
well defined ideas or mental
representations (objects) that are largely based on early relationships with parents are a central part of the self
What is Symbiosis?
An undifferentiated mother-infant unit
What is Individuation?
The infant’s increasing separation and self-sufficiency
What is Transmuting internalization?
Self-object relations are
internalized leading to normal development
What is Psychic structures?
Internal object relations
What is Epigenetic principle?
Biological origins of behavior are
influenced by environmental availability
What is an Omission?
Regret not doing something
What is a Commission?
Regret doing something
What is Narcissism?
Extreme self love/self absorption
What were Heinz Hartmann’s thoughts on the ego?
Emphasized the ego, but wanted to apply
it to normal/healthy functioning as well
What are the ego functions?
Emphasizes finding adaptive solutions and tolerating frustration, disappointment and other stress
What were Harry Sullivan’s thoughts on the ego?
Believed personality changed over the
lifetime and developed secondary to interactions with others
What are Neurons?
The specialized calls that make up the central nervous system
What is Neurogenesis?
The creation of neurons
What are Dendrites?
Take in neurochemical info
What are Axon?
Sends messages to next neuron
What does Dopamine do?
Controls arousal levels & motor functioning
What does Serotonin do?
Controls mood, sleep, appetite
What does Acetylcholine do?
Controls attention, learning & memory
What does Gamma-aminobutyric acid do?
Inhibits over-excitation
What does Noradrenaline do?
Higher mood/arousal (stress response)
What does Glutamate do?
Helps form connections between neurons
What does Enkephalins & Endorphins do?
Modulate pain, reduce stress
What does the Frontal Lobe do?
Higher cognitive & motor functioning
What does the Occipital Lobe do?
Visual processing
What does the Temporal Lobe do?
Auditory processing
What does the Parietal lobe do?
Sensations of the skin and muscles
What does the Right Hemisphere do?
Visual-spatial processing
What does the Left Hemisphere do?
Language production
What does Brocha’s area do?
Comprehension
What is Neuroplasticity?
Seen with normal
development and also in response to
brain trauma
What type of motivation is behavioral activating system (BAS)?
Approach motivation
What type of motivation is behavioral inhibition system (BIS)?
Avoidance motivation
What do individuals focus on with BAS?
Individuals are focused on reinforcers not
punishers (heightened neuronal sensitivity)
What do individuals focus on with BIS?
Individuals are focused on punishers not
reinforcers (heightened neuronal sensitivity)
What is Temperament?
Stable individual differences in emotional reactivity
What is Single cell recording (electrophysiology)?
Study of non-human species with large neurons
What is Neuroanatomical studies?
Focus on brain injured patients
What is Brain Lesioning and functional surgery?
Early 20th century practices (lobotomies to change behavior)
What is case studies of neurological disorders?
Personality changes seen in degenerative conditions like AD & PD
What is Neuropsychological testing?
Brain-behavior association using a large number of paper-and-pencil,
interactive tests
What is Electroencephalography (EEG) and neuroimaging?
Measuring evoked potentials in response to stimulation
What is MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)?
Yields 3-D images of the brain with radio waves
What is fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)?
Adds real time activity of the brain to the standard MRI
What is PET (positron emission tomography)?
Areas of the brain that are activated can be seen with radioactive isotopes
What is NIRS (near-infrared spectroscopy)?
Records fuel used by the brain (no deep tissue access)
What is MEG (magnetoencephalography)?
Measures the magnetic field generated by the electrical activity of the brain)
What is SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography)?
Gamma rays to yield 3-D images
