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Internal Disease > Test 2 - 1 > Flashcards

Test 2 - 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Pathologic bronchial sound is not characteristic for:

a) lobar pneumonia
b) massive pleural effusion
c) chronic bronchitis
d) bronchiectases
e) c+d

A

e) c+d

c) chronic bronchitis
d) bronchiectases

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2
Q
  1. Adventitious sounds characteristic of asthma are:

a) wheezes
b) crackles
c) rales

A

a) wheezes

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3
Q
  1. Auscultation of subject with pneumothorax reveals findings except for:

a) decreased intensity of vesicular sound (even ”silence over chest”)
b) increased intensity of vesicular sound
c) in some cases metallic sound

A

b) increased intensity of vesicular sound

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4
Q
  1. Physical examination of COPD subject reveals symptoms listed below except for:

a) barrel chest
b) dullness on percussion
c) rchonchi
d) increased intensity of vesicular sound
e) b+d

A

e) b+d

b) dullness on percussion
d) increased intensity of vesicular sound

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5
Q
  1. Fluid collected between parietal and visceral pleura is known as:

a) pneumothorax
b) pneumonia
c) pleural effusion
d) hydrocele

A

c) pleural effusion

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6
Q
  1. In most respiratory illness, what symptom is present in 80% to 90% of the patients?

a) wheezing
b) cough
c) hemoptysis
d) chest pain
e) breathlessness

A

b) cough

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7
Q
  1. What is the name for the sensation of difficult or uncomfortable breathing?

a) orthopnea
b) eupnea
c) dyspnea
d) tachypnea

A

c) dyspnea

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8
Q
  1. Calculate the pack-year history of a patient who has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes a day for the past 8 years.

a) 16 pack-years
b) 8 pack-years
c) 32 pack-years
d) 4 pack-years

A

a) 16 pack-years

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9
Q
  1. What is the normal inspiratory-expiratory ratio of vesicular sound (on auscultation) in adults?

a) 1:2
b) 3:1
c) 4:3
d) 1:1

A

b) 3:1

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10
Q
  1. In which clinical case would hyperresonance over the chest be heard (on percussion)?

a) pneumothorax
b) pleural effusion
c) atelectasis
d) lobar pneumonia

A

a) pneumothorax

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11
Q
  1. Chest percussion is a useful diagnostic clinical tool in:

a) localization of small infiltrates
b) localization of small effusions
c) localization of small pneumothoraces
d) determining the extent of diaphragmatic motion

A

d) determining the extent of diaphragmatic motion

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12
Q
  1. Pain localized on a left side of a chest, nonradiating, with no tenderness over the affected area and worsening by deep breathing or coughing can be referred to:

a) heart attack
b) left lobar pneumonia
c) COPD exacerbation
d) pleuritic pain

A

d) pleuritic pain

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13
Q
  1. Cyanosis, the bluish color of the skin, occurs whenever the reduced hemoglobin exceeds:

a) 4 g%
b) 5 g%
c) 6 g%
d) 8 g%

A

b) 5 g%

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14
Q
  1. What is the maximal range of normal blood pressure in adults?

a) 90/60
b) 120/70
c) 139/89
d) 145/95

A

c) 139/89

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15
Q
  1. Which added lung sound is characterized as a high-pitched one?

a) rales
b) vesicular sound
c) bronchovesicular sound
d) wheezes

A

d) wheezes

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16
Q
  1. Funnel chest (pectus excavatum) is characterized by

a) an increased anteroposterior diameter
b) a depression in the lower portion of the sternum
c) lateral displacement of sternum
d) is referred to thoracic kyphoscoliosis

A

b) a depression in the lower portion of the sternum

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17
Q
  1. Dullness to percussion of the chest can be found in

a) pleural effusion
b) atelectasis
c) pneumonic infiltration
d) emphysema
e) a+b+c

A

e) a+b+c

a) pleural effusion
b) atelectasis
c) pneumonic infiltration

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18
Q
  1. Lung consolidation (i.e. pneumonia) is characterized by:
    (1) dullness on percussion;
    (2) hyperresonance on percussion
    (3) bronchial sound presence;
    (4) bronchial sound absence
    (5) increased fremitus;
    (6) decreased fremitus

a) 1+4+5
b) 1+4+6
c) 2+3+6
d) 2+4+6
e) 1+3+5
f) 2+4+5

A

e) 1+3+5

(1) dullness on percussion;
(3) bronchial sound presence;
(5) increased fremitus;

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19
Q
  1. What is the normal inspiratory-expiratory ratio in respiratory cycle in adults?

a) 1:2
b) 5:6
c) 2:1
d) 1:3

A

b) 5:6

20
Q
  1. The first heart sound (S1) is created by closure of the:

a) aortic valve
b) aortic valve and mitral valve
c) pulmonary valve and tricuspid valve
d) mitral valve and tricuspid valve

A

d) mitral valve and tricuspid valve

21
Q
  1. Precordial chest pain, accompanying the exercise, characterized by crushing tightness and radiating to the neck, shoulders or arms can be referred to:

a) pleurisy
b) agina pectoris (ischaemic heart disease)
c) fractured rib
d) radiculitis

A

b) agina pectoris (ischaemic heart disease)

22
Q
  1. Hemoptysis can reflect entities listed below, except for:

a) bronchial carcinoma
b) lobar pneumonia
c) tuberculosis
d) bronchiectases
e) pleurisy

A

e) pleurisy

23
Q
  1. Clubbing of fingers is a manifestation of:

a) hypoxemic cardiopulmonary disease
b) lobar pneumonia
c) osteoarthropathy
d) chronic arterial hypertension

A

a) hypoxemic cardiopulmonary disease

24
Q
  1. Bradycardia is a heart rate less than

a) 60
b) 65
c) 70
d) 75

A

a) 60

25
Q
  1. Central Venous Pressure can be assessed by observation of

a) distension of external jugular vein
b) pulsation of internal jugular vein
c) observation of common carotid artery pulsation
d) can be measured only by catheterization of central vein

A

b) pulsation of internal jugular vein

26
Q
  1. Localization of PMI (point of maximum impulse) is:

a) 4th intercostal space in mid-clavicular line on right side
b) 4th intercostal space one cm to the left of the mid-clavicular line on left side
c) 5th intercostal space one cm to the right of the left mid-clavicular line
d) 3th intercostals space in mid-clavicular line

A

c) 5th intercostal space one cm to the right of the left mid-clavicular line

27
Q
  1. Physiologic splitting of S2 comprises two components

a) mitral and aortic
b) aortic and pulmonic
c) tricuspid and pulmonic
d) mitral and tricuspid

A

b) aortic and pulmonic

28
Q
  1. Patients with COPD and emphysema often have very soft heart murmurs (1) because of lung hyperinflation and rotation of the
    heart away from the chest wall (2)

a) first statement is true and the second statement is false
b) first statement is false and the second statement is true
c) both statements are true
d) both statements are false

A

c) both statements are true

29
Q
  1. Extra heart sound S4 is
    (1) a low pitched sound;
    (2) follows S2;
    (3) precedes S1;
    (4) can be physiological in children
    (5) is better heard when the subject is positioning on its left side;
    (6) always is pathologic true are:

a) 1+2+4+5
b) 2+3+6
c) 3+4
d) 1+3+4+5
e) 2+5+6

A

d) 1+3+4+5

(1) a low pitched sound;
(3) precedes S1;
(4) can be physiological in children
(5) is better heard when the subject is positioning on its left side;

30
Q
  1. Grade 5 in the rating system for heart murmurs is referred to as:

a) murmur accompanied by thrill
b) audible to the naked ear
c) audible when the edge of the stethoscope touches the chest
d) there are only four grades (1-4) in the heart murmurs rating system

A

c) audible when the edge of the stethoscope touches the chest

31
Q
  1. Murmur which is systolic, is best heard in 5th intercostal space on the left in mid-clavicular line, is getting louder when you
    move your stethoscope towards the axilla, is getting louder when you roll the patient onto their left side,
    is generated by:

a) aortic stenosis
b) aortic regurgitation
c) mitral regurgitation
d) mitral stenosis

A

c) mitral regurgitation

32
Q
  1. Pulmonic valve murmurs are difficult to hear (1) due to the relatively low pressures generated by the right side of the heart (2)

a) first statement is true and the second statement is false
b) first statement is false and the second statement is true
c) both statements are true
d) both statements are false

A

c) both statements are true

33
Q
  1. Diffuse PMI which is felt in 6th intercostal space and 2 cm left to the left mid-clavicular line indicates

a) left ventricle enlargement
b) right ventricle enlargement
c) left atrium enlargement
d) right atrium enlargement

A

a) left ventricle enlargement

34
Q
  1. Heart sounds heard over the right second intercostal space near the right sternal border originate from the:

a) tricuspid valve
b) aortic valve
c) mitral valve
d) pulmonary valve

A

b) aortic valve

35
Q
  1. What blood pressure value is referred to as hypotension?

a) 99/60
b) 110/70
c) 105/75

A

a) 99/60

36
Q
  1. The normal oral temperature range is referred to as:

a) 36,6 C
b) 36,0-37,0 C
c) 35,8-37,4 C
d) 35,0-38,0 C

A

c) 35,8-37,4 C

37
Q
  1. So-called accessory respiratory muscles are listed below, except for:

a) the platysma
b) sternocleidomastoid
c) external intercostral
d) diaphragm

A

d) diaphragm

38
Q
  1. Hyperresonance over the chest is noted on percussion in:

a) emphysema
b) pneumothorax
c) atelectasis
d) after pneumonectomy
e) a+b
f) a+b+d

A

e) a+b

a) emphysema
b) pneumothorax

39
Q
  1. The main cause of COPD is:

a) repeated respiratory tract infections in childhood
b) poor social status
c) cigarette smoking

A

c) cigarette smoking

40
Q
  1. Cor pulmonale can be associated by:

a) clubbing of fingers
b) peripheral (pedal) edema
c) weight loss
d) all of above

A

d) all of above

41
Q
  1. Which statement applying to the physiologic S2 split is not true:

a) its first component is the aortic one
b) its intensity is greatest in the 2nd and 3rd left interspaces close to sternum
c) it can be heard in the late inspiration
d) it is caused by closure of tricuspid valve

A

d) it is caused by closure of tricuspid valve

42
Q
  1. Austin-Flint murmur is:
  2. caused by aortic valve insufficiency
  3. caused by pulmonary valve insufficiency
  4. caused by tricuspid valve insufficiency
  5. present in pulmonary hypertension
  6. a diastolic murmur
  7. is a holosystolic murmur
    True statements are:

a) 2, 4
b) 1, 5
c) 3, 6
d) 1, 6
e) 2, 5

A

b) 1, 5

  1. caused by aortic valve insufficiency
  2. a diastolic murmur
43
Q
  1. The 34-year old woman presents with a systolic murmur which intensity is the greatest over apex and is radiating to the left
    axilla. What do you suspect:

a) mitral valve insufficiency
b) aortic stenosis
c) aortic valve insufficiency
d) B and C are true
e) non of the statements is true

A

a) mitral valve insufficiency

44
Q
  1. Which of the following statement is true:

a) S3 is never physiological
b) S4 is a high-frequency sound
c) ventricular gallop is caused by decreased myocardial contractility and diastolic compliance, myocardial failure, and volume overloading of a ventricle
d) diastolic murmurs are between S1 and S2
e) all statements are true

A

c) ventricular gallop is caused by decreased myocardial contractility and diastolic compliance, myocardial failure, and volume overloading of a ventricle

45
Q
  1. Blood pressure 145/67 mmHg is:

a) normal
b) a hypertension
c) a hypotension
d) the interpretation depends on the age

A

b) a hypertension

46
Q
  1. Increased amplitude of the apical impulse will not be present in:

a) hypothyroidism
b) severe anemia
c) left ventricle pressure overload
d) fever
e) in all situations will be present

A

a) hypothyroidism

Internal Disease (5 decks)

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