Test Flashcards
Birth rate
The average number of live births in a country per thousand people per year
Fertility rate
The estimated number of children and woman may have in her life
Death rate(mortality rate)
The average number of deaths in a country per 1000 people per year
Infant mortality rate
The average number of live deaths of infants (under the age of one) in a country per 1000 live births per year
Life expectancy
The average number of years from birth a person is expected to live for
Natural growth rate
The birth rate - the death rate divided by 10
Total population growth rate
This is similar to the natural growth rate, but it also takes emigration into account(birth rate+ immigration) - (death rate + emigration)divided by 10
Population replacement rate
This is the number needed for the population to remain consistent. This is 2.1.
Population distribution
This describes where populations live; which continents, countries, or regions
Dependency ratio
The proportion of the population not earning money through work (children under the age of 16 and retired people over 65) compared with the working population
Population density
This is a measurement of how populated places are, whether they are densely or sparsely populated. It is measured as the number of people per km squared
Exponentially
This means that the rate of growth has become increasingly rapid
Lots of people live there
Densely populated
Very few people live there
Sparsely populated
Population distribution
How many people spread around in a country or area
What are the 5 stages of the DTM-demographic transition model?
1-high stationary 2-early expanding 3-late expanding 4-low stationary 5-declining?
Explain the population change in a country as it passes through the stages of the demographic transition model
As a country moves through the demographic transition model its population changes significantly. In stage one high birth and death rates keep the population stable and low as poor healthcare and high mortality offset high birth rates. In stage two it improved because of better healthcare and sanitation reduce the death rate while birth rates remain high causing rapid population growth in stage three social changes like urbanisation education and access to contraception lower the birth rate slowing the growth. By stage four, both birth and death rates are low stabilising the population. In stage five birth rates may fall below death rates due to lifestyle choices and an aging population potentially leading to a decline.
When and why was the one child policy introduced?
In 1978, the one child policy was introduced by the communist government because they wanted to decrease the birth rate due to a famine during 1959 a 1961 which killed more than 30 million people because there was not enough resources for the growing population so that is why the population was introduced.
