test Flashcards
1
Q
Plants in the same Genus
A
have similar flowers and fruits
2
Q
which plant classification is totally dependent on human intervention?
A
Cultivar
3
Q
Ferns are in the class Filicinae (italics). What is unique about that Class of plants?
A
They don’t reproduce by seeds but reproduce by spores instead.
4
Q
Beans are in the Subclass Dicotyledonae. How are they different from plants in Monocotyledonae (corn)?
A
Dicots have broad leaves with reticulate venation, where monocots have linear leaves with parallel venation
5
Q
“The inability to notice plants in one’s own enviornment.” definition of a serious pandemic called
A
Plant Blindness
6
Q
Variety name (correctly written using binomial system) for the group of redbuds that all produce white flowers?
A
Cercis canadensis alba (all underlined)
7
Q
A “selective herbecide” like Weed-B-Gone kills
A
only certain plants, such as dicots, but not monocots
8
Q
What do conifers do?
A
produce cones
9
Q
The study of cultivation of plants to enhance the outdoor living space:
A
Landscape horticulture
10
Q
Poison ivy is in the family Anacareace. What other plant is in the same family, and therefore could pose a possible health risk to some people?
A
Cashews
11
Q
Most of the fruit and vegetable plants we Americans grow in our homes gardens are
A
Exotic, non-native plants that come from all over the world
12
Q
(Cercis canadensis ‘Merlot’) ‘Merlot’ is what part of the binomial system name?`
A
cultivar epithet
13
Q
(Cercis canadensis ‘Merlot’) Cercis canadensis ‘Merlot’ is what part of the binomial system name?
A
cultivar
14
Q
(Cercis canadensis ‘Merlot’) cercis candensis is what part of the binomial system name?
A
Species
15
Q
Plants in the same family
A
have similar susceptibilities and tolerances
16
Q
Strawberry is a
A
plant in the rose family
17
Q
To be in the Genus Acer, plants must have the ability to produce
A
double winged samaras
18
Q
The genus name for Holly is
A
Ilex
19
Q
In the sneaker illustration we had in class, Nike represented what plant classification unit?
A
Genus
20
Q
In the sneaker illustration we had in class, New Balance 574 represented what plant classification unit?
A
Species
21
Q
An important concept learned from the sneaker illustration was that
A
there can be variation within a species
22
Q
why is it better to use the binomial system?
A
the binomial system is descriptive and shows when plants are related to each other
23
Q
what word/phrase is used to characterize the way both species and botanical varieties behave?
A
come true from seed
24
Q
what can you tell me about the following term as it is written here: horizontalis (bold and underlined)
A
it is a Latin word, but not enough info to determine what binomial term it is
25
who gives plants their common names?
you, me, and any other people who want to
26
why does the binomial system use Latin as its language?
new latin words can be created easily
27
There are 438 plant genera that contain only species. What do you call a genus that is made up of only one species?
Monotypic
28
What type of crop is a tomato?
it depends on how many acres of tomatoes you are growing
29
the study of extending the keeping quality of horticultural crops is called
postharvest physiology
30
the study of the cultivation of flowers and potted plants is termed
floriculture
31
Gymnospermae is a class of plants that are characterized by having
naked seeds contained in strobili or cones
32
Tracheophyta is a
division of plants that have "tubes" (vascular system)
33
As a gardner, why would it be important to know the difference between Monocots and Dicots?
There are selective herbicides that kill only Dicots but are harmless to Monocots, and therefore allow us to control broadleaf weeds in our turfgrass
34
Plants that have parallel venation and narrow leaves are members of which subclass?
Monocotyledonae
35
Cultivars of Cercis canadensis are propagated by humans using a vegetative propogation technique called:
Grafting
36
what cultivars are discovered, and then developed?
those from seedling selections, those from genetic mutations (b and c)
37
How long does it take plant breeders, like our own Dr. Denny Werner, to create a new cultivar of redbud like Cercis canadensis 'Ruby Falls'?
10-12 years
38
Condition in trees where the flowers emerge from the large stems and trunks
cauliflory
39
The generic name Cercis is derived from Greek meaning "Weavers Shuttle". What part of the plant looks like the Weavers Shuttle?
Fruit
40
Gardening activities benefit human health and well-being in many ways. Which of the following statements is true about gardening, whether you do it, or just walk through a garden.
ALL OF THE ABOVE: reduces stress, lowers blood pressure, etc
41
Is the following scientific name written correcctly? Thuja occidentalis (underlined) 'Green Giant'
yes
42
Attention Restoration Theory states that there are two types of attention, "Directed" and _, which can be used to relieve stress and is promoted by time spent in gardens and natural settings.
Fascination
43
What kind of plant name is a "Bishops cap"
Common name
44
Who was Carl Von Linne (Carl Linnaeus)
Inventor of the binomial system
45
The plant boxelder has a scientific name of Acer negundo. What can you tell me about this plant that is 100% true?
It produces double wing samaras
46
What basic classification of plants like to hang out, mate with each other, and all their children look just like them?
species
47
where did cranberry plant get its name?
flower looks like the head of the New England native "Sandhill Crane" first called craneberry but people got lazy
48
horticulture is derived from two latin words, hortus and culturae. Culturae means:
to take care of
49
how is horticulture different from botany
horticulture is an applied science, botany is more of a basic science
50
what can you tell me about the following binomial term as it is written here: 'Bubba'
it is a cultivar epithet
51
If someone asked you why they should embrace the binomial system over common names, what tell them?
using it helps avoid the confusion of common names
52
Cercis canadensis Flamethrower(R) is what kind of plant name?
registered trademark
53
identify what this entire scientific name is describing: Acer palmatum dissectum 'Atropurpureum'
varietal cultivar
54
The study of the cultivation of vegetables is called
olericulture
55
Plant taxonomy and nomenclature refer to what respectively?
plant categories and names
56
Are all variant plants within a species botanical varieties?
No
57
The majority of plants people use in their home gardens are
cultivars
58
How are cultivars different from botanical varities?
To make more, cultivars must be cultivated by human, they are not self-perpetuating
59
Cercis canadensis 'Ruby Falls' is desirable because, unlike the straight species it
is a burgundy leaf weeper
59
Cercis canadensis 'Heart of Gold' was
discovered as a chance seedling in Greensboro NC
60
What is the most correct term to describe flowers that are missing stamens?
Pistillate
61
If you had a 1000 very small physically dormant temperate woody plant seeds and wanted to scarify them successfully, quickly and safely, what method would you choose to use?
hot water method
62
How do we know for sure when temperate woody seeds are ripe?
the fruits falls off the plants
63
Dioecious plants have
staminate flowers on one plant and pistillate flowers on a different plant in the species
64
Why is it so important to know if a plant is dioecious or not?
it may have desirable or undesirable fruit (A and B)
65
Monoecious plants have
staminate flowers and pistillate flowers on the same plants
66
It is important to know that plants in the genus Ilex (holly) are dioecious. Why?
because the females produce desirable fruits
67
Do the male plants of the dioecious Ginkgo biloba produce flowers? (think about this one)
Yes
68
Where does pollination occur in plants (be specific)
Stigma
69
Markings on a flower that indicate to pollinators that there is nectar in the flower:
Nectar guides
70
Flower color hummingbirds are most attracted to:
red
71
What do you call a whole plant in miniature, surrounded by a protective covering?
seed
72
A very important requirement needed to stimulate rooting in cuttings:
provide a high relative humidity to reduce water loss
73
What do rose breeders sacrifice in order to maximize flower color, fragrance, size?
Root vigor
74
when referring to the petals of a flower collectively, one uses the term
corolla
75
the male part of the flower is termed
stamen
76
all incomplete flowers are imperfect
disagree
77
Cuttings that are taken in late December and stuck in media outdoors are called
hardwood cuttings
78
Grafting is a unique form of plant propegation. why would you want to graft a plant, after all, it requires much skill and patience?
plant breeding often leads to plants that can't grow their own roots, this method allows them to thrive
79
best method for vegetatively propagating many herbaceous perennials with large expanding crowns:
division
80
The process where one stimulates an azaela branch to root before it is cut from the main plant is an example of
layering
81
Rootone is a material that can be applied to cuttings to help stimulate adventitious rooting. Rootone is a synthetic version of a naturally occurring plant hormon called.
auxin
82
why are seed longevities longer for temperate woody plants than for annual herbaceous plants?
Takes longer for a woody plant to mature to seed bearing age than an annual, therefore the longevities of their seeds need to be longer to insure perpetuation of the species
83
typically, how long does it take most air layers to form roots
three months
84
when grafting two plants together the key to a successful connection is
all of the above
85
A flower has sepals, petals and only a stamen is most correctly identified as
staminate
86
ideal gardening soil:
45% mineral, 5% organic matter, 25% air space, 25% water space
87
Plants absorbing roots don't grow in
B Horizon
88
term used to describe the event where water percolates vertically through the soil taking salts and nutrients with it
Leaching
89
what is the best time to plant temperate woody trees, shrubs and herbaceous perennials from the plants perspective
Fall
90
what does a soil probe do
takes a soil profile
91
soil is defined as
stuff plus space
92
what is the key to attracting more butterflies to your garden
add plants that feed caterpillar stage of the butterfly lifecycle (like whoteoak)
93
the bird population in North America is down 29% since 1970. why should we be concerned about this?
all of the above
94
why is it recommended that gardeners should choose plants that attract and support native insect populations?
because birds feed their young predmoniately native soft-bodied insects
95
what is the recommended for the % native plants to non-native plants to support a robust caterpillar population?
70% natives to 30% non-natives
96
why is it so important to build pollinator friendly gardens on residential properties
pollinator gardens provide food corridors for pollinators that travel cross country, because urbanization has destroyed natural corridors
97
the most important landscape element that should always be included in the garden as a way to promote good ecology
water features
98
well-built soil increases water infiltration by
20%
99
how long does it take for a 6' tree to become established after planting?
12-18 months
100
why are woody plant and herbacious perennial sales in garden centers the highest in spring?
people that have been cooped up inside all winter and want to get outside and plant things in the spring
101
why do home gardners tend to neglect best planting and mantainence practices in their gardening endeavors
because plants are so resilient
102
what is one of the greatest dangers of not pursuing a biodiverse landscape in your home garden
weakens the ability of an ecosystem to resist disease and insect infection
103
if you could do one thing to attract birds in your landscape what would be the best thing to do first?
create multilayer landscape where birds can rest, nest and be protected
104
number one reason bird population is down in America
habitat loss
105
an example of a self-compatible plant that requires little home garden attention
tomato
106
your neighbor asks why every time they cultivate the rows between their vegetable plants to control weeds, two weeks later they have more weeds to contend with than they had before.
many seeds require exposure to light and the weed seeds below the soil were brought closer to the surface by cultivation
107
what part of "plant pregnancy" is different genetic information than the mother?
the seed
108
typically softwood cuttings of outdoor shrubs are taken in what time of year?
may/june
109
in the video Bryce showed, how did he seperate the seed from the fruit?
soaked fruit in water, squished fruit with finger, shook the mix, and then poured the mix through a strainer
110
what did plant researchers use to create a solution that other plant cuttings stuck in would root better and faster? led to the creation of the synthetic rooting hormone we use today
weeping willow
111
best time of year to divide plants with multiple crowns
Fall
112
what is one important thing to remember to always do
use labels
113
term used to describe when physiologically dormant seeds have their dormancy requirement met
stratification
114
proper term used to describe original plant we take cuttings from to create a clone
ortet
115
primary advantage of layering as a method of vegetative propagation
potential ramet still gets water and nutrition from original plant
116
when are nativars detrimental to native insects and birds
when they have burgundy leaves
117
group of plants that are typically self-incompatible
apples, pears, sweet cherries
118
major disadvantage to cloning
limits genetic diversity
119
term to describe seeds that germinate and grow normally
viable
120
best method to stratify physiologically dormant temperate seeds
put seeds in moist media and store in fridge for 2-3 months
121
order of treatment for temperate seeds that are double dormant
scarification, stratification, planting
122
easiest and most economy way to overcome self-incompatibility
Mr Rodgers method
123
to increase the longevity of most seeds, you should store them in which of the following conditions?
in the refrigerator (40F 30-40% humidity)
124
what do you call a group of plants all derived from the same individual, and propagated exclusively by vegetative means
clone
125
what did Bryce use to mantain a high relative humidity around his hydrangea cuttings taken in mid-May and early June
clear plastic bin from Target
