Test

Question 1

Demography

Answer 1

is the statistical study of populations, particularly with respect to the structure, distribution, and trends within a given population.

Question 2

examples of demography

Answer 2

Age distribution in japan
Workforce challenges
Immigraotion and policy

Question 3

Population Clusters (four largest)

Answer 3

east Asia, south Asia, western Europe, southeast Asia

Question 4

example of population cluster

Answer 4

Example is Ganges river in India The Ganges River Valley is one of the most densely populated regions in the world, with hundreds of millions of people living in this area.

Question 5

Overpopulation

Answer 5

refers to a situation where the number of people in a given area exceeds the capacity of the environment or resources to sustain them at a decent standard of living.

Question 6

example of over population

Answer 6

Dhaka’s population has grown significantly in a short time due to rural-to-urban migration, as people from surrounding areas flock to the city in search of better economic opportunities.

Question 7

Arithmetic Density

Answer 7

The total population of a region divided by the total land area. It measures how many people live per unit of land (e.g., people per square kilometer).

Question 8

Physiological Density:

Answer 8

The total population of a region divided by the amount of arable (farmable) land. It indicates the pressure on the land’s ability to produce food.

Question 9

Agricultural Density:

Answer 9

The number of farmers per unit of arable land. It reflects the level of agricultural development and how much land is cultivated by farmers in a given area.

Question 10

Arithmetic density example

Answer 10

This means that, on average, there are about 1,152 people for every square kilometer of land in Bangladesh. This is considered a very high arithmetic density, which reflects how densely populated the country is overall.

Question 11

Physiological density example

Answer 11

In Egypt, the Nile River Valley is the only area with fertile, arable land, so this high physiological density shows how heavily populated the agricultural areas are compared to the total land area

Question 12

Agricultural density example

Answer 12

India’s Agricultural Density is high, reflecting the large number of people depending on farming in relation to the amount of arable land. Despite technological advancements in agriculture, much of India’s farming is still labor-intensive

Question 13

Arable land

Answer 13

land that is suitable for growing crops.

Question 14

Arable land example

Answer 14

The Midwest region, including states like Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, and Indiana, is known for its vast areas of fertile soil and relatively flat terrain, making it ideal for farming.

Question 15

Life expectancy

Answer 15

the average number of years a person can expect to live, based on current mortality rates in a specific population

Question 16

Crude Birth Rate

Answer 16

is the number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people in a population

Question 17

Crude Birth Rate example

Answer 17

niger has a high birth rate because of the lack of education and also family planning. China has a low crude birth rate because of its high education and 1 child rule in the country

Question 18

Natural Increase Rate

Answer 18

represents the difference between the number of births and deaths in a population over a specific period, typically expressed as a percentage

Question 19

Natural Increase Rate example

Answer 19

Nigeria has a high birth rate and relatively lower death rate, contributing to a high natural increase rate. Factors like limited access to family planning, a youthful population, and higher fertility rates contribute to this rapid population growth.

Question 20

Total fertility rate

Answer 20

the average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime, based on current birth rates in a specific population

Question 21

Total fertility rate example

Answer 21

Niger has one of the highest fertility rates in the world due to factors like cultural norms, limited access to family planning, and a young population with many women in childbearing age.

Question 22

Infant Mortality Rate

Answer 22

number of infants who die before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Question 23

Infant Mortality Rate example

Answer 23

Afghanistan has a high infant mortality rate due to factors like limited access to healthcare, poor nutrition. Norway has one of the lowest infant mortality rates in the world due to its high-quality healthcare system

Question 24

Demographic transition model

Answer 24

Stage 1: High birth and death rates, resulting in slow population growth.

Stage 2: High birth rates and declining death rates, leading to rapid population growth.

Stage 3: Birth rates begin to fall, and population growth slows.

Stage 4: Low birth and death rates, resulting in a stable or slow-growing population.

Stage 5: Very low birth rates and low death rates, often leading to population decline or very slow growth.

Question 25

Dependency/ Elderly support ratio

Answer 25

is a measure of the proportion of the population that is dependent on the working-age population.

Question 26

Dependency/ Elderly support ratio example

Answer 26

In countries like Japan, where the population is aging rapidly, the elderly support ratio is high, meaning fewer working-age people are available to support the growing elderly population.

Question 27

China’s One-Child Policy

Answer 27

The policy aimed to control population growth and promote economic development, but it led to demographic challenges, such as an aging population and gender imbalances

Question 28

Epidemiological Transition Model

Answer 28

Stage 1: High mortality due to infectious and parasitic diseases (e.g., plague, smallpox).

Stage 2: Declining mortality due to improvements in sanitation, nutrition, and healthcare, but still high prevalence of infectious diseases.

Stage 3: Decreasing deaths from infectious diseases and rise in deaths from chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer).

Stage 4: Low mortality from both infectious and chronic diseases, with increased life expectancy.

Stage 5 (optional): Resurgence of infectious diseases due to factors like antibiotic resistance and pandemics (e.g., COVID-19).

Question 29

Clustered distribution

Answer 29

means that the items or people are grouped closely together in certain areas. For example, cities are often clustered near rivers or coasts due to historical settlement patterns.

Question 30

Dispersed distribution

Answer 30

means that the items or people are spread out over a larger area, with fewer concentrations. Rural areas, where houses and farms are spread far apart, are an example of dispersed distribution

Question 31

Spatial Association

Answer 31

the relationship or connection between two or more phenomena in a specific geographic area

Question 32

Spatial Association

Answer 32

the relationship between poverty and lack of access to healthcare in certain regions.

Question 33

Globalization and inequality

Answer 33

refers to the way in which the process of globalization—characterized by increased trade, communication, and cultural exchange—can contribute to both economic growth and social inequality.

Question 34

Globalization and inequality example

Answer 34

An example of globalization and inequality is the gap between rich and poor countries in terms of economic growth and access to resources.

Question 35

Refugees

Answer 35

People who are forced to flee their home country due to fear of persecution, war, or violence. They seek refuge in another country and are often granted legal protection

Question 36

Asylum Seekers:

Answer 36

Individuals who have fled their home country and are seeking international protection, but their status has not yet been officially determined. They apply for asylum in another country, claiming they fear for their safety if they return home.

Question 37

Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)

Answer 37

People who are forced to leave their homes due to conflict, violence, or disaster but remain within their own country. Unlike refugees, they have not crossed an international border.

Question 38

Immigration Preferences in the US

Answer 38

refer to the criteria used to determine who can enter the country and obtain permanent residency