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TCOLE Study Material > TEST > Flashcards

TEST Flashcards

1
Q

Investigations relating to the deprivation of civil rights under color of law are usually conducted by the

A

FBI

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2
Q

Title 18, Section ______ is designed to protect people from the deprivation of their civil rights under the color of law

A

242

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3
Q

Problem solving method include which of the following

A

scanning

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4
Q

According to ___________, sheriff’s shall be elected by the qualified voters of each county

A

Art. 5, sec. 23 Texas Constitution

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5
Q

According to the commission rules, the license of any licensee who does not meet the legislatively required continuing education by the expiration date will _______.

A

Expire

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6
Q

In the case of an “exception to an offense”, the burden of proof lies with the ________.

A

Prosecuting attorney

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7
Q

A person is criminally responsible as a party to an offense if the offense is _______

A

Committed by his own conduct

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8
Q

What offense is committed when a person threatens to harm another, by an unlawful act, on account of their service as a witness or public servant?

A

Obstruction or retaliation

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9
Q

A person steals a credit car with the intent to use it. What offense has been committed?

A

Credit card abuse

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10
Q

A person (not the prostitute) who knowingly solicits another to engage in sexual conduct with another person (a prostitute) for compensation commits the offense of ______.

A

Promotion of prostitution

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11
Q

A person recklessly causes the death of an individual. what offense has been committed

A

Manslaughter

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12
Q

A license, certificate, permit, seal, title, letter of patent, or similar document issued by a government, by another state, or by the US is a _______.

A

government record

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13
Q

A person is in possession of a burning tobacco product in an elevator. what is the offense?

A

Smoking tobacco

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14
Q

Is failing to return to custody following a temporary leave for a specific purpose.

A

escape

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15
Q

the director of the DPS may appoint up to how many railroad peace officers.

A

250

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16
Q

which of the following Texas tribe are considered police officers

A

Alabama-Coushatta

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17
Q

Which of the following is not required in the written report to a law enforcement agency as it pertains to fraudulent use or possession of ID information

A

The method in which the information was used illegally

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18
Q

The Direction of DPS may appoint up to ________ especial rangers who are employed by the Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association.

A

50

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19
Q

Which of the following is not a duty or power of a peace officer

A

to suppress civil unrest

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20
Q

Persons found in suspicious places, and under circumstances which reasonably show that such persons are about to commit some offense against the laws may _________.

A

be arrested without a warrant

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21
Q

An officer must have ________ to believe the property is stolen to justify seizure of the property.

A

Reasonable ground

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22
Q

What is the actual forcible detention of a person and other coercive measures to detain him within certain limits?

A

Constructive custody

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23
Q

The US Supreme Court held that an arrest warrant authorizes police to arrest the subject of the warrant but does not authorize them to enter a third party’s home in search of that person.

A

Steagald v. US

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24
Q

Which of the following is not a defense to forfeiture.

A

Recorded lien on property

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25
Q

The punishment for contempt of court other than a justice court or municipal court is a fine of not more than $500.00 or confinement in the county jail for not more than ______ months.

A

6 months

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26
Q

According to the CCP, a magistrate may issue an order for emergency protection for a period of ______ to _______ days.

A

31-91 days

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27
Q

According to the FC, ______ means an act by an individual that is against another individual with whom that person has had a dating relationship and that is intended to result in physical harm.

A

Dating violence

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28
Q

Which of the following is one of the phases of a victim’s reaction to crime?

A

Recoil

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29
Q

Which of the following were not listed as a challenge and barrier to effective investigations of human trafficking

A

not enough funds

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30
Q

Before a violation for expired registrations exists, there is a _______ grace period after expiration.

A

5 working days

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31
Q

Unmarked crosswalk only exists __________

A

at intersections

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32
Q

an operator approaching a railroad grade crossing shall stop if a railroad engine approaching within approx. _____ feet of the highway crossing emits a signal audible from that distance.

A

1500 feet

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33
Q

An operator giving hand signals shall give them from _______

A

left side of the vehicle

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34
Q

what is the minimum light transmission percentage allowable for window tinting?

A

25

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35
Q

a buyer’s temporary cardboard tag is valid for _______ days after the date of purchase.

A

60 days

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36
Q

According to the institute of health and human potential defines __________ as “the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions; and to recognize, understand, and influence the emotions of others”.

A

emotional intelligence

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37
Q

(The capacity to identify and manage one’s emotional state, as well as that of others….sensitive to emotional signals from within and from the social environment) is the foundation of effective communication for de-escalation.

A

emotional intelligence

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38
Q

__________ is the psychological identification with or vicarious experiencing of the feelings, thoughts, or attitudes of another. It is a dual-level of consciousness meaning, you are aware of their cognition/feelings and yours at the very same time.

A

Empathy

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39
Q

How many stapes are in the Critical Decision-Making model

A

five

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40
Q

Which of the following was not one of the uses of the critical decision making model in responding to and managing a critical incident.

A

Decision making

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41
Q

According to the Texas Penal Code, the use of force, but not deadly force, may be justified under special relationships. Which of the following is not one of those special relationships?

A

Doctor-Patient

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42
Q

PC 9.06, a person who uses force against another and is justified in using such force, may be______ liable.

A

civilly but not criminally liable

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43
Q

a person is justified in using deadly force against another ________.

A

if a reasonable person in the actor’s situation would not have retreated.

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44
Q

That degree of influence the officer must exert over the violator to take him or her safely into custody is known as_______.

A

Control

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45
Q

___________ are obstacles to effective communication, and officers should try to eliminate them if possible.

A

Constraints

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46
Q

Which of the following is NOT a consideration used by the courts to determine if unreasonable force was used?

A

Motivation for force

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47
Q

One of the greatest assets to use in dealing with a law violator is _________

A

self-control

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48
Q

What percentage of US adults suffer from a severe form of mental illness according to a report for the treatment advocacy center.

A

3 percent

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49
Q

Which of the following is not an event that results in a person feeling as though he/she is in a crisis situation.

spouse infidelity
legal difficulties
death of a loved one
getting lock out of house/car

A

spouse infidelity

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50
Q

Which of the following is not an area that is affected by significant cognitive decline.

attention
focus
language
social awareness

A

focus

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51
Q

A peace officer taking a juvenile into custody may dispose of the case without referral to the juvenile court if ___________.

A

The officer is following the guidelines of his/her department.

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52
Q

Weaponless strategies include

A

touching

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53
Q

What did the court case VONDRAK V. CITY OF LAS CRUCES pertain to?

A

Officers were not entitled to qualified immunity due to unduly tightening an arrestees handcuffs

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54
Q

When handcuffing two suspects together with one set of handcuffs, it is recommended to handcuff

A

right hand to right hand

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55
Q

During a processing of a crime scene, what potential problem should be taken into consideration when determining how an area will be searched?

A

Physical characteristics of the area to be searched

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56
Q

The object of a crime scene search is to locate physical evidence/witnesses to the crime under investigation and to _______________.

A

identify the type of crime and establish the elements of the crime

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57
Q

what is the body or substance of a crime called?

A

corpus delicti

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58
Q

a ____________ is more likely to resort to violence against a victim.

A

semi-professional thief

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59
Q

The legal significance of evidence rests in its influence of the

A

Juror

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60
Q

Every LE officer is a crime prevention officer by the technical definition as well as by the _______ responsibilities of the job.

A

moral

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61
Q

Speed, mobility, and visibility increase preventative potential, are advantages of ________ patrol.

A

automobile

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62
Q

When an officer is alone, more ________ is devoted to patrol functions and duties.

A

attention

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63
Q

Whenever a peace officer meets with resistance in discharging any duty imposed on him by law, he _______ commands a sufficient number of citizens of his county to overcome the resistance.

A

shall

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64
Q

Flexibility where the use of motorized vehicles is impractical, high visibility, and intense patrol are some advantages of ______.

A

bicycle patrol

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65
Q

Which of the following is not a criteria of requesting a silver alert.

A

The senior citizen is on medications needed to stay alive

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66
Q

Which of the following is not a criteria for entry when requesting a blue alert.

A

An offender has assaulted a peace officer and is at large

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67
Q

Patrol officers should practice the technique of refraining from using the word “ ____” during the violator interview while conducting vehicle stops.

A

I

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68
Q

Which of the following is not a type of dog aggression

dominant aggression
pack aggression
fear aggression
pain aggression

A

pack aggression

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69
Q

Which of the following is not part of the procedure for burns

applications of a medical grade gel designed for burns

get medical help and provide comfort

make sure the location is safe for you and the patient

cover the victim to prevent heat loss

A

applications of a medical grade gel designed for burns

70
Q

The basic procedures for safeguarding lives at a CBRNE event should us the ________ acronym.

A

RAIN

71
Q

The first P in PURPLE stands for _________

A

peak of crying

72
Q

The “plain view doctrine” has to meet two prerequisites:
1- the officer must be lawfully present to see what is in seen, and
2- _______________________

A

it must be apparent to the officer that what they are seeing is contraband or somehow connected to criminal activity

73
Q

Which of the following is correct concerning the limitation on prosecution for offense?

Theft by public servant - ten years
Burglary - ten years
manslaughter - twenty years
misdemeanor

A

Theft by public servant - ten years

74
Q

The requirement that a person not be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on presentment or indictment of a grand jury is contained in which amendment?

A

5th

75
Q

Articles of confederation were?

A

our nation’s first constitution

76
Q

What was the purpose of the First Continental Congress?

A

To petition England and for their rights

77
Q

Which amendment to the constitution gives citizens the right to an attorney during criminal proceedings.

A

sixth amendment

78
Q

The type of stress that our bodies handle best is_______

A

acute stress

79
Q

A person attempting to be licensed as a peace officer must not ever been convicted of an offense above a ________ or a _______ misdemeanor within 10 years.

A

Class B Misdemeanor and Class B Misdemeanor

80
Q

The national commission on law observance and enforcement (Wickersham Commission) reported in 1931 “the greatest promise for our future of policing is the:

A

college or university

81
Q

Police professionalism was again an issue in the late 60’s when the president’s commission on LE and the administration of justice stated in 1967 that the ultimate aim of all police departments was for personnel with general enforcement powers to have:

A

baccalaureate degrees

82
Q

TRAINING UNIT is

A

24 months (For TCOLE TEST PURPOSES)

83
Q

TRAINING CYCLE IS

A

48 months (For TCOLE TEST PURPOSES)

84
Q

A first degree felon offender with one prior felony conviction (other than a state jail felony) may be imprisoned for a minimum of:

A

fifteen years

85
Q

The highest form of culpability is:

A

intentional

86
Q

Impersonating a public servant is a:

A

felony of the third degree

87
Q

A person commits “aggravated sexual assault” if the person intentionally or knowingly causes the penetration of the anus or female sexual organ of a child by any means, if the victim is:

A

younger than 14 years of age

88
Q

In HAZMAT training, the initials MSDS stands for:

A

Material safety data sheet

89
Q

The verbal Judo concept of “when words are no longer working” include(s):

Sometimes a person combines aggressive words and actions

when a suspect begins walking or running away, or when a person escapes from custody

when an officer is forced to repeat the same words or ideas over and over, the officer should conclude that the person is not being persuaded

All of the above

A

All of the above

90
Q

a person commits an offense under section 25.07 penal code if, in violation of a condition of bond resulting from a court order, the person intentionally or knowingly.

A

commits family violence or communicates with a protected individual

91
Q

When the object offense of criminal solicitation is a capital felony, at what level can the offense be punished?

A

1st degree

92
Q

Which of the following is NOT a reason for preparing crime scene sketches?

A

to help interrogate the suspect

93
Q

__________ is a behavior, often seen in autistic individuals, that is a sign that they may be excited or stressed.

A

stimming

94
Q

Dr. Carol Morgan, PhD and Jim Glennon gave several communication blunders. As a rule, make eye contact _______ percent of the time.

A

60-70 percent of the time

95
Q

Which of the following offenses is punishable as a state jail felony:

burg of coin operated machine

burg of a building - not a habitation

criminal trespassing of building - not a habitation

burg of a vehicle

A

Burglary of a building-not a habitation

96
Q

a “bench warrant” is used to bring someone who is convicted of crime to a court as a witness

A

True

97
Q

Once an abandoned motor vehicle has been impounded, the notice sent to the last owner informs him of his right to claim the vehicle within _______ days from the date sent.

A

20 days

98
Q

an actor who commits the offense of aiding suicide (with intent to promote or assist the commission of suicide by another, he aids or attempts to aid the other to commit or attempt to commit suicide) may be punished with what level of offense if the attempted suicide does not result in injury?

A

Class C

99
Q

A subject is arrested for having a handgun in a backpack in the lobby of a dormitory on campus. He has no LTC under chapter 411 govt. code, and has committed _______ in the penal code.

A

a felony

100
Q

This type of search is effective for indoor and outdoor scenes that have regular patterns or defined borders. This type of search also permits different types of searches in the different sectors.

A

Quadrant, sector or zone search

100
Q

According to booking procedures and searches at a jail, if a female is wearing a dress, it must be raised so that waistband of undergarments can be searched.

A

true

101
Q

Which of the following is not recommended traffic investigation equipment

A

Tape Measure (25 ft.)

102
Q

In the line of duty, you fire your weapon at a person who is armed and in the imminent commission of robbery. One of your rounds kills the armed felon; however, a second round recklessly injures an innocent third person who was behind the suspect. Which of the following is true?

A

Officers have no defense in this situation and can face both criminal and civil litigation.

103
Q

____________ refers to shared culture and background. Members of one of these groups usually have a common ancestry and generally share language, religion, and other cultural patters.

A

Ethnicity

104
Q

what Texas Constitution article protects the freedom of worship?

A

Texas Constitution Article 1 sec. 6

105
Q

According to the penal code, what offense, if any, is committed when a person obtains property which he knows is stolen?

A

Theft

106
Q

A group of students stage a protest in the lobby outside the president’s office at their university. The students receive notice that they are being disruptive and that they need to leave the building. If the students fail to depart, what level of criminal trespass may they be charged with?

A

Class B Misdemeanor

107
Q

True or False

According to the penal code Arson, it is a defense to prosecution under Subsection (a)(2)(A) that prior to starting the fire or causing the explosion, the actor obtained a permit or other written authorization granted in accordance with a city ordinance, if any, regulating fires and explosions…

A

TRUE

108
Q

The U.S. Supreme Court in “Beck v. Ohio” says if subjective good faith alone (of _____________) were the test, the protection of the Fourth Amendment would evaporate, and the people would be ‘secure in their person, houses, papers, and effects’ only in the discretion of the police.

A

Probable Cause

109
Q

Who has the duty to give information and render aid at the scene of a crash?

A

only drivers of involved vehicles

110
Q

Which of the following is a proper designation for the impact point on a CRB Report?

BLQ

LRQ

LBQ

FRQ

A

LBQ

111
Q

When directing traffic at an accident scene, points of greatest potential for traffic congestion include all of the following except:

Line of traffic threatening spillbacks into other lanes and intersections

longest line of traffic

all listed are correct

Vehicles inappropriately parked along the shoulder and median

A

Vehicles inappropriately parked along the shoulder and median

112
Q

If a person has been previously convicted twice of VIOLATION OF CERTAIN COURT ORDERS OR CONDITIONS OF BOND IN A FAMILY VIOLENCE, SEXUAL ASSAULT OR ABUSE, OR STALKING CASE, the punishment can be enhanced from a Class A to a :

A

3rd Degree Felony

113
Q

The highest Texas court to hear appeals of civil cases is?

A

Texas Supreme Court

114
Q

CCP 2.12 tells us “who are peach officers in Texas” Based on this statute, which of the following officers would not be a “peace officer” under Texas law.

Municipal Park and Recreational Patrolmen and Security Officers

Constable

An officer designated by the secretary of homeland security

Deputy sheriff

A

An officer designated by the secretary of homeland security

115
Q

According to Elliott Abrams in the Wall Street Journal from May 9, 2009, “First impressions matter. Experts say we size up new people in somewhere between ___________.

A

30 seconds to two minutes

116
Q

Under Family Code 83.001, a temporary EX PARTE ORDER is valid for a period specified, not to exceed ________.

A

20 days

117
Q

In a community policing model, what determines the success of police?

A

reduction in citizen fear

118
Q

Criminal appeals from the county court are appealed directly to__________. (CCP 4.04 1&2)

A

Court of appeals

119
Q

An arrest warrant is valid (CCP 15.01)

A

indefinitely until served or withdrawn by magistrate

120
Q

True or False

An “I” statement gives the speaker responsibility for their part of the interaction, helps build rapport, and eases communication.

A

True

121
Q

Trailers are not required to have any brakes, regardless of the speed they travel, until they exceed a GVWR of _________ pounds? (TC 547.401)

A

4500 pounds

122
Q

When two officers are dealing with two people, the cover officer:

Hint: think officer safety

A

Assumes a position that allows for maximum visibility of the people and communicates any threat or hazard to the primary officer.

123
Q

A student makes a telephone call to 9-1-1 and complains that his professor gave him an unfair grade on a test. This person has committed:

A

no offense

124
Q

ASP Baton techniques, like other defensive techniques, are selected based on the ability of the technique to ______ versus _______.

A

control ——– injure

125
Q

A LE officer may issue a filed release citation as provided by CCP Article 14.06 in a place of taking a child into custody for _________ only if the child is released to a parent, guardian, or custodian (CCP 45.058.g.1)

A

public intoxication

126
Q

A pedestrian in a crosswalk facing a “WAIT” or “DON’T WALK” signal shall:

A

proceed to a sidewalk or safety island

127
Q

When an actor commits the offense of Agreement to abduct from custody (the person agrees, for remuneration, to abduct a child younger than 18 years of age by force, threat of force, misrepresentation, stealth, or unlawful entry, knowing that the child is under the care and control of a person having custody or physical possession of the child under a court order) they can be punished with what level of offense?

A

State Jail Felony

128
Q

The requirement to have parking lamps, described in Ch 547, Texas Transportation Code is applicable to:

A

Registered motor vehicles

129
Q

_________ involves legal actions between to individual parties that may include individuals, corporations, associations or levels of government.

A

Civil Law

130
Q

Which of the following is NOT a consideration used by the courts to determine if unreasonable force was used?

A

area in which offense occurred

131
Q

Sources of the “secondary victimization” may include all of the following except:

The media

The criminal justice system

the victim

family, friends, or acquaintances

A

The victim

132
Q

What Texas constitution article protects excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishment and due course of law?

A

Texas Constitution Article 1 Sec. 13

133
Q

To check for a response from an infant, the rescuer should:

A

Tap the infant’s foot and shout the infant’s name

134
Q

PSTD is a pathological anxiety that usually occurs after an individual experiences or witnesses severe trauma that constitutes a threat to the physical integrity or life of the individual or of another person. Which of the following statements are true in regards to PTSD?

People who survive severely traumatic events often have PTSD

in general, the worse or more enduring the trauma, lessens the likelihood of developing PTSD

People who survive severely traumatic events rarely have PTSD

A

People who survive severely traumatic events often have PTSD

135
Q

All of the following are characteristics of Con-artist or Bunco Scheme, EXCEPT:

Usually work alone

prey on elderly

props used to carry out the scheme

non-violent tendencies

A

Usually work alone

136
Q

(TIMs) the area of danger at the point between the blocking vehicle and moving traffic is commonly referred to as the: (example: cars passing in a lane next a lane that fire is loading a patient)

A

zero buffer

137
Q

An affirmative defense to prosecution?

A

excuses criminal responsibility if the defense is proven by a preponderance of the evidence

138
Q

Online solicitation of a minor (solicitation to meet in person) is a ______ degree felony, except that the offense is a ______ degree if the minor is younger than 14 (PC 33.021)

A

Third/second

139
Q

Who was the first state to ratify the US Constitution

A

Delaware

140
Q

Having an adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of or examination of the facts is __________.

A

Prejudice

141
Q

________ is an organized and relatively unchanging combination of a person’s knowledge and feelings about someone, or something that influences him/her to behave in a certain way in regards to that person.

A

Attitude

142
Q

According to Commission Rule 221.3, occupations code 1701.258, individuals first licensed after January 1, 2011 must complete the Basic Human Trafficking course within _________ of licensure.

A

second year

143
Q

If the issue of existence of an affirmative defense is submitted to the jury, the court shall charge that the defendant must prove the affirmative defense by _____________.

A

Proof by preponderance of the evidence

144
Q

The right to the officer to search the immediate area of control in a search incident to an arrest was affirmed in _________.

A

Chimel v. California

145
Q

According to Penal Code 8.02 a mistake of fact is _____________.

A

a DEFENSE to prosecution

146
Q

According to the Penal Code, which of the following is a “short barrel” firearm?

A

A shotgun with an overall length of less than 26 inches
also, with a barrel of less than 18 inches

147
Q

According to PC 9.42, a person is justified in using deadly force against another when an to the degree he reasonably believes the deadly force is immediately necessary to ____________.

A

Prevent the other’s imminent commission of robbery

148
Q

There are 3 major components to the criminal justice system. which of the following is not one of the three?

parole

correctional system

police

courts

A

Parole

149
Q

CCP Art. 11.22 By “__________” is meant the kind of control which one person exercises over another, not to confine him within certain limits, but to subject him to the general authority and power of the person claiming such right.

A

Restraint

150
Q

CCP Art. 11.21 By “____________” The words “confined”, “imprisoned”, “in custody”, “confinement”, “imprisonment”, refer not only to the actual, corporeal and forcible detention of a person, but likewise to any coercive measures by threats, menaces or the fear of injury, whereby one person exercises a control over the person of another, and detains him within certain limits.

A

Constructive Custody

151
Q

Art. 24.11 ATTACHMENT. An ________________ is a writ issued by a clerk of a court under seal, or by any magistrate, or by the foreman of a grand jury, in any criminal action or proceeding authorized by law, commanding some peace officer to take the body of a witness and bring him before such court, magistrate or grand jury on a day named, or forthwith, to testify in behalf of the State or of the defendant, as the case may be. It shall be dated and signed officially by the officer issuing it.

A

An attachment

152
Q

CCP 49.18 In Custody Death

Who investigates the death of a prisoner if he dies while in the custody of a jail?

A

The director of the agency in charge

153
Q

Which two courts are the only courts that have concurrent jurisdiction in some offenses?

A

Municipal and Justice courts

154
Q

______________ is a common law Latin phrase that translates to “body of the crime.” The phrase generally refers to the principle that no one should be convicted of a crime without sufficient evidence that the crime actually occurred.

A

Corpus Delecti

155
Q

Which two courts do not have original jurisdiction for any offense?

A

Courts of Appeals and Court of Criminal Appeals

156
Q

If a person dies while in the custody of a peace officer, a written report of the cause of death must be filed with ___________ and within __________ days.

A

Attorney General’s Office

Within 30 days.

157
Q

What court can hear a death penalty case?

A

Court of Criminal Appeals

158
Q

Writ of Sequestration is ___________.

A

pertains to property being kept until court determines otherwise.

159
Q

Which of the following is not one of the The CCP’s objectives?

  1. To adopt measures for preventing the commission of crime;
  2. To exclude the offender from all hope of escape;
  3. To insure a trial with as little delay as is consistent with the ends of justice;
  4. To bring to the investigation of each offense on the trial all the evidence tending to produce conviction or acquittal;
  5. To insure a fair and impartial trial; and
  6. The certain execution of the sentence of the law when declared.
A

All are objectives

160
Q

A writ which commands the appearance of a person before a coroner’s inquest is called a :

A

Subpoena

161
Q

__________ means that cases are referred first to the court.

A

Original jurisdiction

162
Q

Shortest time limitation for felonies is how many years?

A

5 years

163
Q

Which Texas courts has jurisdiction over all the misdemeanors involving official misconduct

A

district courts

164
Q

Which culpable mental state is “ought to be aware of a substantial and unjustifiable risk that the circumstances exist or the result will occur”?

A

Criminal negligence

165
Q

(c) A person acts recklessly, or is reckless, with respect to circumstances surrounding his conduct or the result of his conduct when he is aware of but consciously disregards a substantial and unjustifiable risk that the circumstances exist or the result will occur. The risk must be of such a nature and degree that its disregard constitutes a gross deviation from the standard of care that an ordinary person would exercise under all the circumstances as viewed from the actor’s standpoint.

A
166
Q

Sec. 6.03. DEFINITIONS OF CULPABLE MENTAL STATES. (a) A person acts intentionally, or with intent, with respect to the nature of his conduct or to a result of his conduct when it is his conscious objective or desire to engage in the conduct or cause the result.

A
167
Q

(b) A person acts knowingly, or with knowledge, with respect to the nature of his conduct or to circumstances surrounding his conduct when he is aware of the nature of his conduct or that the circumstances exist. A person acts knowingly, or with knowledge, with respect to a result of his conduct when he is aware that his conduct is reasonably certain to cause the result.

A
168
Q

Sec. 9.22. ________________ Conduct is justified if:

(1) the actor reasonably believes the conduct is immediately necessary to avoid imminent harm;

A

Necessity

169
Q
A

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