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Personality Psych Test 1 > test > Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

Not a readily defined concept
There is little common agreement among personality theorists on the appropriate use of the term.

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2
Q

Personality Theory

A

study how an individual develops their personality and can be utilized in studying personality disorders. These theories address whether personality is a biological trait or one that is developed through a person’s interaction with their environment
psychodynamic, humanistic, and behaviorist

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3
Q

What led to the study of personality?

A

Academic Psychology and Clinical Practice

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4
Q

Philosophical Assumptions

A

Cannot be proven or disproven and are not revisable based on evidence

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5
Q

Evaluating Philosophical assumptions

A

Determine which assertions function as philosophical assumptions and which function as scientific statements

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6
Q

Asking how well the philosophical assumptions fulfill the criteria of philosophy

A

coherence
relevance
comprehensiveness
compellingness

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7
Q

Origins of psychoanalysis

A
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8
Q

Psychoanalytic methods

A

Free Association
Interpretation of slips
Dreams

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9
Q

Free association

A

Say whatever goes through your mind, be completely honest and do not hold anything back or filter anything that comes to mind

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10
Q

Interpretation of slips

A

deciphering what is said during slips

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11
Q

Dreams

A

Analyzing a dream right when it happens

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12
Q

Manifest dream

A

symbols

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13
Q

Latent dream

A

real dream

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14
Q

Structure of personality

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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15
Q

Id

A

A reservoir of instincts, needs, and wishes, preoccupied with its own needs and desires, pleasure principle

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16
Q

Ego

A

rational, realistic. serves as liason between the real world and the hidden world. reality principle

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17
Q

Superego

A

represents society’s views of right and wrong which individual has internalized. seeks perfections (guilt and shame)

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18
Q

Three types of anxiety

A

Reality
Neurotic
Moral

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19
Q

Reality anxiety

A

fear of real danger in the external world

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20
Q

Neurotic anxiety

A

fear that one’s inner impulses cannot be controlled

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21
Q

Moral anxiety

A

fear of the retributions of one’s own conscience

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22
Q

Ego Defense mechanisms

A

Repression
Regression
Reaction Formation
Rationalization
Displacement
Sublimation
Projection

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23
Q

Repression

A

Threatening or painful thoughts are excluded from awareness
Such as sexual or physical abuse not remembered/traumatic events forgotten

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24
Q

Denial

A

Closing one’s eyes to the existence of threatening material (loss of a loved one or hearing for the first time painful info)

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25
Q

Projection

A

Where one projects one’s own undesirable thoughts, motivations, desires, and feelings onto someone else. (I hate you, you hate me)

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26
Q

Displacement

A

Feelings are redirected from an object felt to be dangerous or unacceptable to one that is “safe” or acceptable
(Man angry with boss, gets mad at wife, gets mad at children)

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27
Q

Reaction Formation

A

One acts the opposite of what one feels because the original feeling is unacceptable (Laugh when frightened, overly friendly when you feel hate)

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28
Q

Sublimation

A

Unacceptable impulses or idealizations are transformed into socially acceptable actions or behaviors
Aggression into sports/martial arts
Artists- creative projects

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29
Q

Regression

A

In the face of severe stress or extreme challenge, individuals may attempt to cope with their anxiety by reverting back to immature and inappropriate behaviors

30
Q

Rationalization

A

Some people manufacture “good” reasons to explain away a bruised ego
Breakup, job loss

31
Q

Introjection

A

Taking in and swallowing the values and standards of others
Concentration camp prisoners, accepting values of enemies
Stockholm syndrome

32
Q

Transference

A

the redirection of feelings about a specific person onto someone else (in therapy, this refers to a client’s projection of their feelings about someone else onto their therapist).

33
Q

Countertransference

A

the redirection of a therapist’s feelings toward the client.

34
Q

Psyche

A

All psychological processes, thoughts, feelings, sensations, wishes, etc.

35
Q

Ego

A

conscious mind

36
Q

Personal Unconscious

A

history that has been repressed or forgotten
items in it can be retrieved easily
organized into complexes

37
Q

Complexes

A

Ideas/Concepts. They are formed when a strong emotional experience, or one that is repeated many times, produces a patterning of the mind.
Organized group of thoughts.
Ex: Mother- own experience being one, my own mother, other mothers I have known, other experiences being mothered, what I have read or heard about mothering

38
Q

Archetypes

A

Persona
Shadow
Anima
Animus
Self

39
Q

Persona

A

(or mask) social role

40
Q

Shadow

A

unsocial thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

41
Q

Anima

A

a feminine side in the male psyche

42
Q

Animus

A

a masculine side in the female psyche

43
Q

Inferiority feelings

A

Always present as a motivating force in behavior
individual growth results from compensation from our attempts to overcome our real or imagined inferiorities
begins in infancy

44
Q

Collective unconscious

A

universal thought forms or predispositions to respond
expressed as archetypes

45
Q

Self

A

central archetype and true midpoint of personality. mandala is symbol of self

46
Q

Striving for superiority or perfection

A

superiority is the ultimate goal toward which we strive
a drive for perfection/completeness
oriented to future

47
Q

Fictional finalism

A

The goals for which we strive are potentialities not actualities
These beliefs influence the ways we perceive and interact with other people

48
Q

Social interest

A

people are innately concerned with the welfare of others (Adler)
The degree to which people successfully contribute to the common good is an indicator of their maturity and psychological health

49
Q

Style of life

A

We develop a unique pattern of characteristics, behaviors, and habits, which Adler called a distinctive character or style of life.
The ultimate goal for each of us is superiority or perfection, but we try to attain that goal through many different behavior patterns

50
Q

Oldest Children

A

relate w adults
adult expectations and values
help with younger kids
assume social responsibility
strive for perfection
covertly assert independence from parental dominance

51
Q

Second child

A

born within 6 years of older child
less responsible
more independent
more interested in opposite of older
strive to be first in something
sibling rivalry can be quite intense

52
Q

middle child

A

feel squeezed in their role
singularly disadvantaged
most likely establish their uniqueness in directions opposite their older sibling
more independent rebellious and sensitive

53
Q

youngest child

A

center of attention
cute, charmer, family’s baby no matter how old
may be manipulative
may be greatest achiever of all

54
Q

only child

A

precocious
comfortable w adults
responsible and cooperative
may have little to no intimate give and take with other kids

55
Q

Psychosocial stages of development

A

love and acceptance, love and to be loved
emphasis on social dimension
each stage center on conflict
sequential and hierarchical patterns
can lead to ego strength and basic virtues

56
Q

Trust v mistrust

A

infancy
virtue: hope

57
Q

autonomy v shame and doubt

A

2-3 years of age
virtue: will

58
Q

Initiative v guilt

A

3-5 years
virtue: purpose

59
Q

industry v inferiority

A

6-11 years
virtue: competence

60
Q

ego identity v role confusion

A

12-17 years
virtue: fidelity

61
Q

intimacy v isolation

A

18-24 years
virtue: love

62
Q

generativity v stagnation

A

25-64 years
virtue: care

63
Q

integrity v dispair

A

65 to death
virtue: wisdom

64
Q

Erikson

A

psychosocial

65
Q

Freud

A

psychosexual

66
Q

Negativeidentity

A

become everything unconventional

67
Q

Most comprehensive

A

Freud

68
Q

Anna O

A

Freud himself once described Anna O. as the true founder of the psychoanalytic approach to mental health treatment. Five years later, Freud published his book The Interpretation of Dreams, which formalized much of his psychoanalytic theory.

69
Q

Breuer

A

developed the talking cure and laid the foundation to psychoanalysis as developed by his protégé Sigmund Freud. Anna O was his patient originally

70
Q

Talking Cure

A

Psychotherapy has traditionally been considered as a “talking cure”, a treatment method that operates through an “exchange of words.”
Freud is famed for developing psychoanalysis. This therapy involves treating mental disorders by delving into a person’s possible unconscious issues (e.g., repressed fears and conflicts) through techniques like dream interpretation and free association

Personality Psych Test 1 (1 decks)

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