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Personality Psych Test 1 > test > Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

Not a readily defined concept
There is little common agreement among personality theorists on the appropriate use of the term.

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2
Q

Personality Theory

A

study how an individual develops their personality and can be utilized in studying personality disorders. These theories address whether personality is a biological trait or one that is developed through a person’s interaction with their environment
psychodynamic, humanistic, and behaviorist

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3
Q

What led to the study of personality?

A

Academic Psychology and Clinical Practice

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4
Q

Philosophical Assumptions

A

Cannot be proven or disproven and are not revisable based on evidence

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5
Q

Evaluating Philosophical assumptions

A

Determine which assertions function as philosophical assumptions and which function as scientific statements

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6
Q

Asking how well the philosophical assumptions fulfill the criteria of philosophy

A

coherence
relevance
comprehensiveness
compellingness

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7
Q

Origins of psychoanalysis

A
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8
Q

Psychoanalytic methods

A

Free Association
Interpretation of slips
Dreams

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9
Q

Free association

A

Say whatever goes through your mind, be completely honest and do not hold anything back or filter anything that comes to mind

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10
Q

Interpretation of slips

A

deciphering what is said during slips

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11
Q

Dreams

A

Analyzing a dream right when it happens

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12
Q

Manifest dream

A

symbols

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13
Q

Latent dream

A

real dream

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14
Q

Structure of personality

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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15
Q

Id

A

A reservoir of instincts, needs, and wishes, preoccupied with its own needs and desires, pleasure principle

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16
Q

Ego

A

rational, realistic. serves as liason between the real world and the hidden world. reality principle

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17
Q

Superego

A

represents society’s views of right and wrong which individual has internalized. seeks perfections (guilt and shame)

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18
Q

Three types of anxiety

A

Reality
Neurotic
Moral

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19
Q

Reality anxiety

A

fear of real danger in the external world

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20
Q

Neurotic anxiety

A

fear that one’s inner impulses cannot be controlled

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21
Q

Moral anxiety

A

fear of the retributions of one’s own conscience

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22
Q

Ego Defense mechanisms

A

Repression
Regression
Reaction Formation
Rationalization
Displacement
Sublimation
Projection

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23
Q

Repression

A

Threatening or painful thoughts are excluded from awareness
Such as sexual or physical abuse not remembered/traumatic events forgotten

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24
Q

Denial

A

Closing one’s eyes to the existence of threatening material (loss of a loved one or hearing for the first time painful info)

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25
Projection
Where one projects one's own undesirable thoughts, motivations, desires, and feelings onto someone else. (I hate you, you hate me)
26
Displacement
Feelings are redirected from an object felt to be dangerous or unacceptable to one that is "safe" or acceptable (Man angry with boss, gets mad at wife, gets mad at children)
27
Reaction Formation
One acts the opposite of what one feels because the original feeling is unacceptable (Laugh when frightened, overly friendly when you feel hate)
28
Sublimation
Unacceptable impulses or idealizations are transformed into socially acceptable actions or behaviors Aggression into sports/martial arts Artists- creative projects
29
Regression
In the face of severe stress or extreme challenge, individuals may attempt to cope with their anxiety by reverting back to immature and inappropriate behaviors
30
Rationalization
Some people manufacture "good" reasons to explain away a bruised ego Breakup, job loss
31
Introjection
Taking in and swallowing the values and standards of others Concentration camp prisoners, accepting values of enemies Stockholm syndrome
32
Transference
the redirection of feelings about a specific person onto someone else (in therapy, this refers to a client's projection of their feelings about someone else onto their therapist).
33
Countertransference
the redirection of a therapist's feelings toward the client.
34
Psyche
All psychological processes, thoughts, feelings, sensations, wishes, etc.
35
Ego
conscious mind
36
Personal Unconscious
history that has been repressed or forgotten items in it can be retrieved easily organized into complexes
37
Complexes
Ideas/Concepts. They are formed when a strong emotional experience, or one that is repeated many times, produces a patterning of the mind. Organized group of thoughts. Ex: Mother- own experience being one, my own mother, other mothers I have known, other experiences being mothered, what I have read or heard about mothering
38
Archetypes
Persona Shadow Anima Animus Self
39
Persona
(or mask) social role
40
Shadow
unsocial thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
41
Anima
a feminine side in the male psyche
42
Animus
a masculine side in the female psyche
43
Inferiority feelings
Always present as a motivating force in behavior individual growth results from compensation from our attempts to overcome our real or imagined inferiorities begins in infancy
44
Collective unconscious
universal thought forms or predispositions to respond expressed as archetypes
45
Self
central archetype and true midpoint of personality. mandala is symbol of self
46
Striving for superiority or perfection
superiority is the ultimate goal toward which we strive a drive for perfection/completeness oriented to future
47
Fictional finalism
The goals for which we strive are potentialities not actualities These beliefs influence the ways we perceive and interact with other people
48
Social interest
people are innately concerned with the welfare of others (Adler) The degree to which people successfully contribute to the common good is an indicator of their maturity and psychological health
49
Style of life
We develop a unique pattern of characteristics, behaviors, and habits, which Adler called a distinctive character or style of life. The ultimate goal for each of us is superiority or perfection, but we try to attain that goal through many different behavior patterns
50
Oldest Children
relate w adults adult expectations and values help with younger kids assume social responsibility strive for perfection covertly assert independence from parental dominance
51
Second child
born within 6 years of older child less responsible more independent more interested in opposite of older strive to be first in something sibling rivalry can be quite intense
52
middle child
feel squeezed in their role singularly disadvantaged most likely establish their uniqueness in directions opposite their older sibling more independent rebellious and sensitive
53
youngest child
center of attention cute, charmer, family's baby no matter how old may be manipulative may be greatest achiever of all
54
only child
precocious comfortable w adults responsible and cooperative may have little to no intimate give and take with other kids
55
Psychosocial stages of development
love and acceptance, love and to be loved emphasis on social dimension each stage center on conflict sequential and hierarchical patterns can lead to ego strength and basic virtues
56
Trust v mistrust
infancy virtue: hope
57
autonomy v shame and doubt
2-3 years of age virtue: will
58
Initiative v guilt
3-5 years virtue: purpose
59
industry v inferiority
6-11 years virtue: competence
60
ego identity v role confusion
12-17 years virtue: fidelity
61
intimacy v isolation
18-24 years virtue: love
62
generativity v stagnation
25-64 years virtue: care
63
integrity v dispair
65 to death virtue: wisdom
64
Erikson
psychosocial
65
Freud
psychosexual
66
Negativeidentity
become everything unconventional
67
Most comprehensive
Freud
68
Anna O
Freud himself once described Anna O. as the true founder of the psychoanalytic approach to mental health treatment. Five years later, Freud published his book The Interpretation of Dreams, which formalized much of his psychoanalytic theory.
69
Breuer
developed the talking cure and laid the foundation to psychoanalysis as developed by his protégé Sigmund Freud. Anna O was his patient originally
70
Talking Cure
Psychotherapy has traditionally been considered as a “talking cure”, a treatment method that operates through an “exchange of words.” Freud is famed for developing psychoanalysis. This therapy involves treating mental disorders by delving into a person's possible unconscious issues (e.g., repressed fears and conflicts) through techniques like dream interpretation and free association

Personality Psych Test 1 (1 decks)

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