Test 10/30 Flashcards
Know what the ATP molecule looks like and where a bond is broken to make ADP
Adenosine P P / P
Ribose
What gas is given off by plants during photosynthesis
Oxygen
What is the overall reaction of photosynthesis
6Co2 + 6H2O —> c6 h12 o6 + 6o2
light
What are the light absorbing molecules in plants called
Chlorophyll
Why do plants have many different pigments
Because they absorb different spectrums and wavelengths to get the maximum amount of energy in different weather
What region of the visible spectrum of light is absorbed well by chlorophyll
Everything but green
What are stomata
They are openings in plants leaves to intake carbon dioxide and release oxygen
Why do plants need stomata for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide goes in through the stomata and without it photosynthesis wouldn’t occur
Know what a chloroplast is and grana/granum, stroma, pigment, thylakoid
Grana/granum: short stack
Thylakoid: pancake
Stroma: syrup
Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found
Thylakoid membranes
Thylakoid
What is the location of light dependent reactions
Thylakoid
What is the location of the light independent reactions
Stroma
What are the products of the light dependent reactions
Oxygen
ATP
NADPH
Which of the light dependent products are used in light independent
ATP
NADPH
What is the Calvin cycle
Light ad dark reactions use Co2 to make glucose
Where does the Calvin cycle take place
Stroma of the chloroplast
What are the reactants and products of the Calvin cycle
Co2, ATP, NADPH —> glucose, NADP+, ADP
What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis
Light intensity
Water
Temperature
Carbon dioxide
How is the suns energy used in photosynthesis
Breaks water bonds
The energy in high energy electrons is used for what during electron transport chain
They move down the electron transport chain and the energy moves H+ ions across the membrane
Where do the starting materials of cellular respiration originate
Products of photosynthesis
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic processes
Aerobic: a process with oxygen
36-38 ATP/ takes longer
Anaerobic: process without oxygen
Lactic acid
2 ATP/faster
How does the number of ATP compare in aerobic vs anaerobic conditions
Aerobic —> 36-38
Anaerobic —> 2
What is the chemical equation that represents cellular respiration
C6 H12 O6 + 6o2 —> 6co2 + 6h20 + energy Krebs
Cycle
What are the stages involved in aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain
Name the reactants and products for glycolysis
Glucose —> ATP, NADPH, pyruvic acid
Name the two electron carriers I cellular respiration
NADH
FADH2
Where are the electrons dropped off
Electron transport chain
Why is fermentation necessary in cells
It is necessary because when cells are losing oxygen, they need to be able to release energy still and fermentation allows this
When oxygen is present, what is glycolysis followed by
Krebs cycle
What does Krebs cycle begin with and what does it produce
Acetyl CoA —> carbon dioxide, high energy electrons, carried by NADH + ATP
Where does the ETC and Krebs cycle occur in eukaryotic cells
Mitochondria
How many ATP total are produced with glycolysis, Krebs, ETC and the entire process out together
36-38
Why do muscles burn after strenuous exercise
Our body needs ATP and when oxygen is used, we need fermentation(anaerobic respiration) to take ATP fast which produces lactic acid and it burns
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration almost opposite processes
Photosynthesis makes what cellular respiration uses and cellular respiration makes what photosynthesis uses
(Sunlight goes in)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS (out) glucose and oxygen
CELL RESP(out) h2o ad Co2
In what type of cells does cellular respiration occur
All
