Test 10/20/22 Flashcards
The first juvenile court was set up in Cook County, IL in..?
1899
The point in rehabilitation and for the court to act as the parent based on the concept of
Parens patarie
Juvenile courts handle three groups of juveniles
what are they..?
Delinquent offenders
Status Offenders
Neglected Or abused children
Define Delinquent offenders
youths who have committed acts that would be crimes if committed by adults under federal, state or local laws.
Define Status offenders
youths who have committed acts that WOULD NOT be crimes if committed by adults ie. Running away from home, skipping school, violating curfews, Refusing To obey parents.
Define Neglect
when parent/guardian fails to provide adequate food, clothing, shelter, education or medical care.
what has occured when a child has been physically, emotionally or sexually abused?
Abuse
n most states juvenile court jurisdiction extends through the age of..?
17
Juvenille Waiver
allows courts to send juveniles to adult courts depending on the charge for prosecution.
Statutory exclusion
requires certain offenses committed by juveniles to be prosecuted in adult court.
Direct File
gives prosecutors discretion to file charges in adult criminal court.
Define Intake
informal process in which court officials or social workers decide if a complaint against a juvenile should be referred to juvenile court
What are the Steps in the process
1.Initial/detention hearing
2. Adjudicatory hearing
3.Dispositional Hearing
define Initial/detention Hearing
Preliminary exam of validating youths arrest. State must prove an offense was committed and reasonable cause
Juveniles do not…
have a constitutional right to bail. Preventative detention allows the courts to hold a juvenile (separate from adults) if they feel the individual will commit another crime.
Define Adjudicatory hearing
The procedure used to determine the acts in a juvenile case, similar to an adult trial, but generally closed to the public and names of accused are usually withheld from the press.
Juveniles can be…
represented by an attorney
Define Dispositional Hearing
the final sentence or result of the case
steps in Sentencing
Probation
Community service
Fines
Restitution
Placement in a treatment facility
Commitment to a state institution
Define Aftercare
the equivalent of parole at the juvenile level. Juvenile is supervised and assisted by a parole officer or social worker
In some states a juvenile’s record is Expunged or destroyed at what age? Other states require approval from who?
18 or 21.
The judge
