Test 1 Vocab Flashcards by Grace Williams

Radical alterations of visible reality.

Abstract Shapes

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Those that are physically present.

Actual Line

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Implied shapes.

Amorphous

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The distribution of weight-actual or visual.

Balance

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Modeling; technique that makes something look three-dimensional.

Chiaroscuro

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What our eyes perceive pigment to be.

Color

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The emotional, intellectual, psychological, and symbolic elements of a work.

Content

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The edges of a piece; a perceived line.

Contour Line

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The creation of shading in a drawing or etching through the use of intersecting sets of parallel lines.

Crosshatching

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Shapes with curved edges.

Curvilinear

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In art, a point that has a measurable size.

Dot

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An aspect that directs the viewers eye to a particular area.

Emphasis

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A modern school of art in which an emotional impact is achieved through agitated brushwork, intense coloration, and violent, hallucinatory imagery.

Expressionism

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A shape in two-dimensional art; generally the positive.

Figure

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The shifting of viewer perceptions such that what at one moment appears to be the figure in a composition becomes the ground (background), and vice versa.

Figure-Ground Reversal

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The main point of interest in a work.

Focal Point

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The totality of the composition; the totality of technical means; the sum total of how the “what” is presented.

Form

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An approach to art criticism that concentrates on the elements and design of works of art rather than on historical factors or the biography of the artist.

Formalism

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Include: religious, myth, historical, portraiture, still life, landscape, and nonobjective art.

Genres

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Shapes derived from mathematical formulas.

Geometric

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Generally the negative. The surface on which a two- dimensional work of art is created; a coat of liquid material applied to a surface that serves as a base for drawing or painting. Also, the background in a composition.

Ground

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Fine parallel lines drawn or engraved to represent shading.

Hatching

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The study of themes and symbols—which leads to the meaning of the work.

Iconography

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The sense created by perception that a line exists.

Implied Line

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An essential element in art; the connection of two dots.

Line

It’s bulk; (actual vs implied like seeing an actual pyramid vs a drawing of a pyramid.).

Mass

The material and method used to produce a work.

Medium and Technique

Space that is empty or filled with imagery that is secondary to the main objects or figures depicted in the composition

Negative Shape

Shapes that are derived from reality but make no reference to it.

Nonobjective Shapes

Bold lines that surround a piece; actual line.

Outline

The spatial form defined by the objects or figures represented in works of art.

Positive Shape

Comparative size of elements or images within a work of art in relation to each other or the whole.

Proportion

Suggests a conceptual direction

Psychological Line

A style characterized by accurate and truthful portrayal of subject matter; a nineteenth-century style that portrayed subject matter in this manner.

Realism

Shapes with straight edges and angular corners.

Rectilinear

Describing the reoccurring visual motifs; patterns and compositional accents, movement and flow.

Rhythm

The size of a piece.

Scale

Created by a line; the area within it.

Shape

Describes the area around or within the components.

Space

Drawing or painting small dots or dabs to create shading or a dappled effect.

Stippling

The signature look of an artist’s work; the distinctive characteristics of an artist’s work and those of a culture and era.

Style

The “what” of Art.

Subject

The surface character of a piece.

Texture

A sense of oneness or cohesiveness within a work.

Unity

Describes the relative lightness or darkness of an image.

Value

The juxtaposition of various or contradictory elements in a composition.

Variety

The amount of space in an enclosed object.

Volume

Implied movement and time, or quite literal movement and time.

Time and motion

Line, shape, value, color, texture, space, and time

Visual Elements

include unity and variety, emphasis and focal point, balance and rhythm, and scale and proportion.

Principles of Design

``` Metal point Pencil Charcoal Chalk Pastel Wax Crayon ```

Dry Mediums

water and ink

fluid technique in drawing

A liquid substance that converts to a solid film applied to a surface

Painting

“True Fresco” is a painting on damp plaster

Buon Fresco

painting on dry plaster

Fresco Secco

Powdered chalk, or plaster mixed with animal glue to create a substance used for priming a surface to paint on

Gesso

Consists of powdered pigments combined with a linseed oil vehicle and turpentine medium. Oil paint is naturally slow drying, but this property can be accelerated by the addition of various agents to the basic mixture

Oil Paint

Is a mixture of pigment and a plastic vehicle that can be thinned with water. A synthetic painting medium, developed by chemist, allows a similar if not broader range of color but dries faster than oil paint

Acrylic Paint

composed of pigment and gum arabic

Watercolor

a high concentrate of pigment and an opaque material such as chalk diluted with water

Gouache

Sculpture can be broken down into two categories:

Relief Sculpture and Free Standing

Low Relief, High Relief or both

Relief Sculpture

Carving material away

Subtractive Process

Modeling or material is added or built up

Additive Process

when an artist uses an object that has already been made, and places it in a different context

Ready Mades

preexisting or found sculptures are constructed together to | create a unified theme

Assemblage Sculpture

``` Ceramics Glass Textile Arts Basket Weaving Metalwork and Jewelry wood ```

Craft Arts

Refers to the art process of making objects out of baked clay. From pots, bowls, pottery, to sculpture

Ceramics

Pottery is glazed for functional and artistic reasons. Without which a clay pot would remain porous and therefore useless for carrying liquids

Glazing

slightly porous clay

Earthenware

hard baked red clay

Terra Cotta

usually gray or brown- owing to impurities in the clay

Stoneware

hard, non porous clay- typically white or gray in color

Porcelain

Arts in which fibers are used to make functional or decorative objects or works of art

Textile Arts

when two stones are set vertically and a third stone laid across them, creating an opening beneath

Post and Lintel

refers to the degrees of difference between shades of gray or color

Value Contrast

Any two color next to each other on a color wheel

Analogous

tactile, physicality that we can see, or touch

Actual Texture

The illusion created by a mark or material that gives us the sense of texture

Visual Texture

a layer of thickly applied pigment or paint

Impasto

The illusionistic space of a two-dimensional composition

Implied Space or Pictoral Space