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History > Test 1: Unit 0 > Flashcards

Test 1: Unit 0 Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of history. Examples

A

Social science that studies all the civilizations which have developed over time. Egyptian and roman

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2
Q

Definition of civilization

A

Human society that exist in a particular time and space with a complex organization with political, economical, social and cultural elements

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3
Q

Definition of historical sources

A

Resources that an historian studies to get information

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4
Q

Types of historical sources

A
  • primary
  • secundary
  • material remains
  • written documents
  • audiovisual
  • oral tradition
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5
Q

Primary sources

A

Occurs at the same time of the events that appear on text (written in the 1* person)

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6
Q

Secundary sources

A

Doesn’t occur at the same time, generally afterwards

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7
Q

Material remains

A

Bone, stone, ceramics, wood and metal

Architecture, sculptures, engravings, paintings

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8
Q

Written documents and materials

A

Decrees, letters, poems.

Clay tablets, papyrus, parchment, paper scrolls

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9
Q

Definition of eras

A

System of counting the time from a starting point

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10
Q

Most important eras

A 
Jewish
Chinnese
Greek
Roman
Muslim
Christian
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11
Q

Jewish era

A

3761 bc : god creates the world

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12
Q

Chinnese era

A

2637 bc: origin of the world

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13
Q

Greek era

A

776 bc : first olympic games

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14
Q

Roman era

A

753 bc : fondaction of rome

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15
Q

Muslim era

A

622: hegira

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16
Q

Christian era

A

Year 0: birth of jesus

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17
Q

Decades

A

Ten years

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18
Q

Millenium

A

One thousand years

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19
Q

Lustrum

A

Five years

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20
Q

Century

A

One hundred years

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21
Q

A.D

A

Anno domini=in the year of God

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21
Q

B.C

A

Before Christ

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21
Q

C.E

A

Current era

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22
Q

State (def)

A

political organisation of a country or territory

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23
Q

Nation (def)

A

group of people with the same feeling

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24
Q

Country (def)

A

lands with similar landscapes

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25
Q

Types of government

A

Central government and Local and Regional government

26
Q

Central government

A

Their activity affect the inhabitants of the whole country (Madrid)

27
Q

Local and Regional government

A

their activities affect yhe inhabitants of a specific area
Local: municipalty
Regional: region

28
Q

The political powers of the state are:

A

Legislative, executive and judicial.

29
Q

Legislative power

A

Pass laws and ensure they are followed (parliament)

30
Q

Executive power

A

Apply the law and govern the country (government)

31
Q

Judicial power

A

judge those who break the law (judges)

32
Q

Types of power

A

Concentration of power and separation of power

33
Q

Concentration of power

A

one person holds the three powers. (dictator or emperor)

34
Q

separation of power

A

each of the powers is held by different people or institution ( democracy)

35
Q

forms of government depending on who holds the power

A

empire
monarchy
republic

36
Q

Empire

A

the emperor holds all the power. he should be absolutist, religious and expanssive

37
Q

monarchy

A

the king is the highest representative of the country. could be: absolutist or parliamentary

38
Q

republic

A

the president of the republic holds the country. could be: presidential or parliamentary.

39
Q

forms of government depending on how they are organised

A

dictatorship or democracy

40
Q

dictatorship

A

a single person holds all the power

41
Q

democracy

A

the power belongs to the people who choose the representatives

42
Q

rulers (def)

A

those who represent or run a country.

43
Q

there are two types of rulers

A

head of state and head of government

44
Q

head of state

A

this person represents a country (commonwealth od isabel II

45
Q

Head of government

A

this perosn runs a country (rajoy)

46
Q

Economy ( definition)

A

administration of resources in order to satisfy the needs of individuals and societies.

47
Q

economic systems (types)

A

Closed economy/self-suficient/ autarchy
open economy/ marquet economy
Socialist/ communist

48
Q

Closed economy: (def)

A

very strict
feudal societies
no trade
self-suficient/ subsistance/ autarchy

49
Q

Open economy: (def and types)

A

Type of economy with trade between societies.
Types: -trade economy: ancient rome and greece
- Market or capitalist economy

50
Q

Market or capitalist economy

A

the objective is the accumulation of profits which are invested in order to generate more wealth.

51
Q

Socialist or communist economy

A

mix of closed economy and open economy.

52
Q

Primary sector of economy ( activity and works)

A

Activity: obtain raw materials from nature
works: livestock, fishing, forestry
mining extraction and agriculture.

53
Q

Secundary sector of economy ( activity and works)

A

Activity: transform natural products into consumer goods with energy
works: mining transformation, industry, construction and energy

54
Q

Tertiary sector of economy ( activity and works)

A

Activity: provide services
works: transport, trade, tourism, education and healthcare.

55
Q

Quaternary sector of economy ( activity and works)

A

activity: high-tech and research
works: robotics, computering, space, genetic and bio-tech.

56
Q

types of society

A

closed society

open society

57
Q

Closed society

A

based on birth, people can’t change. this society was very common in middle ages and in early modern ages.
other names: estates of realm/ ancient regime

58
Q

Open society

A 
based on wealth, people can change. it't today's society.
other names: liberal/ bourgeoisie/ class bassed.
59
Q

Culture

A

way of thinking and of explaining the world that a civilization has. it indicates the level of development. culture refers to: customs, knowledge, level of artistic, scientific and technical development.

60
Q

Main elements of culture

A
  1. religion
  2. mythology
  3. literarture
  4. philosophy
  5. science
  6. art
61
Q

Art is divided into 2 types….

A

Fine arts and decorative arts

62
Q

Fine arts are…..

A

architecture, sculpture, painting

63
Q

decorative arts are…..

A 
pottery/ceramics
mosaics
tapestry
stained glass
engravings

History (3 decks)

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