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Biology > Test 1 second quarter > Flashcards

Test 1 second quarter Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

cell bodies of neurons

A

gray matter

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2
Q

no conscious control over muscles

A

involuntary muscles

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3
Q

controls left side of the body

A

right hemisphere

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4
Q

when bodies immune system attacks the glial cells that provide myelin sheaths for nerve cell axons

A

MS (multiple sclerosis)

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5
Q

group of muscles that bend the leg at the knee

A

hamstring

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6
Q

when joints are overstressed

A

sprain

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7
Q

allows for your fingers to move

A

ellipsoid

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8
Q

responsible for you seeing color

A

cone cells

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9
Q

responsible for taste

A

taste buds

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10
Q

principle organ of the nervous system

A

brain

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11
Q

a junction between two neurons or a neuron and another cell

A

synapse

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12
Q

disease that attacks spinal cord and can cause paralysis

A

polio

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13
Q

involuntary muscles use what type of muscle

A

cardiac

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14
Q

medulla oblongata is a part of what

A

brain stem

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15
Q

what rarely reproduces

A

neurons

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16
Q

controls voluntary movement of muscles

A

motor area

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17
Q

carries vibrations and is responsible for the difference in pitch when you talk verses when you listen to yourself on recording

A

bone conduction

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18
Q

the most freely movable joint

A

ball-and-socket

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19
Q

the belief that a persons actions can be explained as responses to particular stimuli

A

behaviorism

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20
Q

conscious control over movements

A

voluntary muscle

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21
Q

white of the eye

A

sclera

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22
Q

enlargement of the muscles through use

A

hypertrophy

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23
Q

group of muscles that extend the leg at the knee

A

quadriceps femoris

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24
Q

the simplest act of the nervous system

A

reflex

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25
Q

respond to temperature changes

A

thermoreceptors

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26
Q

covering composed of axons and glial

A

white matter

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27
Q

most common injury of the nervous system

A

stroke

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28
Q

largest and strongest muscle in the body

A

gluteus maximus

29
Q

allows the arm to bend at the elbow

A

biceps brachii

30
Q

support insulated nerve tissue

A

glial cells

31
Q

cardiac

A

designed to contract over and over without tiring (ex. heart)

32
Q

unused muscles shrink due to no use

A

atrophy

33
Q

help you to sit up out of a reclined chair

A

rectus abdominis

34
Q

main portion of the brain , allows thinking and memory

A

cerebrum

35
Q

brain and spinal cord are located in

A

central nervous system

36
Q

pressure of fluid inside the eye becomes higher than normal causing damage to the cells of the optic nerve

A

glaucoma

37
Q

connects nerve in ear to the brain

A

auditory nerve

38
Q

small depression on retina and produces clearest vision

A

fovea

39
Q

complex muscle coordination

A

cerebellum

40
Q

connects nerve in nose to the brain

A

olfactory nerve

41
Q

inability of the muscles to move

A

paralysis

42
Q

slow twitch fibers

A

red fibers

43
Q

fast twitch fibers

A

white fibers

44
Q

any place where bones join together

A

joint

45
Q

tremors and stiffness of the limbs

A

parkinson’s disease

46
Q

opens and closes the jaw

A

masseter

47
Q

motor neuron and the group of muscles cells it controls

A

motor unit

48
Q

can’t tell the difference of colors

A

color blindness

49
Q

triple layer of protective tissue

A

meninges

50
Q

bare dendrite reacts to certain strong stimulus

A

pain receptors

51
Q

largest calf muscle

A

gastrocnemius

52
Q

part of PNS that controls the heart and other internal organs

A

autonomic nervous system

53
Q

enable you to see in shades of gray

A

rode cells

54
Q

focusing problem

A

astigmatism

55
Q

allows the bone to move back and forth on a single plain

A

hinge

56
Q

protect CNS from being permanently damaged every time you get sick

A

blood brain barrier

57
Q

damage to the cerebral motor area before or shortly after birth

A

cerebral palsy

58
Q

controls right side of the body

A

left hemisphere

59
Q

voluntary muscles use what type of muscle

A

skeletal

60
Q

disease when blood brain barrier opens and allows more white blood cells in then needed

A

meningitis

61
Q

inflammation of the joints

A

arthritis

62
Q

allows arm to extend at the elbow

A

triceps brachii

63
Q

innermost layer of the eye

A

retina

64
Q

special senses

A

taste, smell, sight, hearing, balance

65
Q

controls physical affects of emotion

A

hypothalamus

66
Q

connects nerve in eye to the brain and runs out the back of the eye

A

optic nerve

67
Q

binds the muscle together and covers bicep

A

fascia

68
Q

helps shrug shoulders

A

trapezius

Biology (2 decks)

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