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FMS III - Justin > Test 1 Review Questions > Flashcards

Test 1 Review Questions Flashcards

1
Q

The acinus contains?

A

Alveolar ducts

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2
Q

Surfactant serves what purpose in the lungs?

A

Reduction of surface tension

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3
Q

Adequacy of ventilation is known by what value?

A

PaCO2

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4
Q

J-receptors are sensitive to alterations in what?

A

Pulmonary capillary pressure

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5
Q

AP diameter of thoracic cavity is increased by contraction of what muscles?

A

External intercostals

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6
Q

What’s the normal O2 content of blood?

A

20mL/100mL of blood

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7
Q

What’s the most common cause of hypoxemia?

A

V/Q mismatch

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8
Q

A transudative pleural effusion is indicative of what ?

A

Increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure

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9
Q

How are pneumoconiosis acquired?

A

Through environment

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10
Q

Pulmonary edema is most commonly due to what?

A

LHF

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11
Q

Airway obstruction caused by asthma is due to what?

A

Cases stimulation of stretch receptors

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12
Q

Emphysema is associated with what etiology?

A

Imbalance b/w proteases and anti-proteases

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13
Q

What does a positive TST indicated concerning TB?

A

Patient has been infected and developed an immune response

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14
Q

Saliva contains…

A

Exogenous fluoride

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15
Q

What is secondary peristalsis stimulated by?

A

Muscle stretch

  • Involuntary
  • Occurs during esophageal phase
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16
Q

What decreases the rate of gastric emptying?

A

Hypo-osmotic content

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17
Q

Where does carb. digestion begin?

A

Mouth - amylase

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18
Q

What does iron transport require?

A

plasma transferrin

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19
Q

The gastrocolic reflex initiates what?

A

Propulsion in the entire colon

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20
Q

Where does visceral pain arise from?

A

Stimulus acting on an abdominal organ

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21
Q

Pyloric obstruction is associated with what?

A

Duodenal ulcers b/c of edema associated with them

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22
Q

Chronic antral gastritis is related to what?

A

H. pylori

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23
Q

What’s a cushing ulcer caused by?

A

Increased HCl

24
Q

What could be the cause/association with a mesenteric artery occlusion?

A

Atrial fib. (clots)

25
Q

Jaundice may be caused by what?

A

Extrahepatic obstruction to bile

26
Q

A person is admitted to hospital w/Dx of acute pancreatitis…you expect person to have?

A

Elevated amylase (+ lipase)

27
Q

What’s causes an abnormal permanent enlargement of gas exchange airways (acini) accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls w/out obvious fibrosis?

A

Emphysema

28
Q

Left heart failure causes what?

A

Pulmonary Edema

29
Q

Chronic bronchitis is most commonly due to what bacteria?

A

H. influenzae & S. pneumonia

30
Q

How is orthopnea relieved?

A

By sitting up and leaning forward

31
Q

What type of ventilatory pattern is described by highly increased respiratory rate, very large tidal volume, no expiratory pause?

A

Kussmaul Respirations

32
Q

Loss of blood to the medulla oblongata causes what type of respiratory pattern?

A

Cheyne-Stokes

33
Q

What’s the best INITIAL treatment for asthma?

A

Remove offending agent

34
Q

Cholera causes what type of diarrhea?

A

Watery Diarrhea

35
Q

What is more difficult during an obstructive breathing pattern?

A

Breathing out (exhaling)

36
Q

This is a fulminant form of resp failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolcapillary injury?

A

ARDS

37
Q

Pulmonary Emboli can cause what?

A

Alveolar dead space

38
Q

Selective bulbous enlargement of end of a digit; commonly associated w/dzs that interfere w/oxygenation is what?

A

Clubbing

39
Q

Hypoxemia at high altitudes is due to?

A

Decreased inspired O2

40
Q

What are inflammatory mediators in asthma?

A

histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes

41
Q

What antibodies are associated with asthma?

A

IgE

42
Q

How would one describe visceral pain?

A

diffuse, dull, poorly localized

43
Q

What’s considered normal bathroom patterns?

A

2-3x’s/day up to 1x/wk

44
Q

Fatty liver can be caused by?

A

Alcoholism

45
Q

What is functional dysphagia caused by?

A

Caused by neural or muscular disorders that interfere w/voluntary swallowing or peristalsis

46
Q

This is fresh, bright red blood passed from the rectum.

A

Hematochezia

47
Q

Colicky pains caused by distention followed by vomiting are cardinal symptoms of what?

A

Small bowel obstruction

48
Q

What’s the primary cause of peptic ulcers?

A

H. pylori

49
Q

The chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) located in?

A

Medulla

50
Q

Which bacterium is commonly found in the normal biota of the upper respiratory tract?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Escherichia coli
Staphylococcus aureus
Candida albicans

A

S. aureus

51
Q

The use of Prevnar has reduced the incidence of which disease in children?

Sinusitis
Rhinitis
Acute Otitis Media
Diphtheria

A

Acute Otitis Media

52
Q 
Effective vaccines currently exist for use in nearly all populations against:


A. whooping cough.

B. influenza.

C. RSV.

D. A and B.

E. B and C.

F. all of the above.
A

D. A & B

-Whooping cough & Influenza

53
Q

What is the leading cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia?

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

S. pneumoniae

54
Q

Which of the following is not considered a defense of the gastrointestinal system?

A) commensal microbes
B) IgA
C) ciliated epithelia
D) GALT
E) peristalsis
A

C) Ciliated Epithelia

55
Q

Which of the following types of organisms are not considered normal biota of the gastrointestinal system?

A) bacteria
B) archaea
C) fungi
D) protozoa
E) None of the choices is correct.
A

B) Archaea

56
Q

Identify each of the following organisms as either causes of acute or chronic diarrhea:

		A.	Cyclospora cayetanensis
		B.	E. coli O157:H7
		C.	Campylobacter jejuni
		D.	Giardia lamblia
		E.	Vibrio cholerae
A 
Cyclospora cayetanensis (Chronic) 
E. coli O157:H7 (Acute) 
Campylobacter jejuni (Acute) 
Giardia lamblia (Chronic) 
Vibrio cholerae (Acute)

FMS III - Justin (5 decks)

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