Test #1: Reconstruction Flashcards
1
Q
Radical Republicans
A
- felt they could govern the South better than the South itself could because they left the Union and lost their rights
2
Q
Lincoln’s Plan
A
- aka Proclamation of Amnesty
- forgiven and excused of crimes (pardoned) and allowed back into the Union
- Ten Percent Plan: 10% of those who voted (roughly 10,000) had to sign an oath of allegiance (which said they support not only the Constitution but also the Union
- South had to support the Emancipation Proclamation
- Exclusion Clause: former officers, judges, and any office holders of the Confederation
3
Q
President Johnson’s Plan
A
- similar to Lincoln’s plan
- rich (20k a year or more) could not be pardoned
a) generally planters - required the ratification of the 13th amendment
- abolish slavery in state
4
Q
Radical Republican Plan
A
- believed South had to be reconstructed, not restored
- want to “change the fabric of Southern society”
- believed North could change the South better than the South could
- wanted to take the plantations, chop them up, and give them away to free slaves
- slaves given the right to vote (with the ulterior motive of getting more votes for Republicans)
5
Q
Civil Rights Act
A
- passed in response to the Black Codes
- all people (citizens) (excluding Native Americans) had the benefits of US citizenship and all of the laws
- vetoed by Johnson because **he did not believe the federal government had the authority to pass such a law
a) makes him look bad - Congress overrides veto
6
Q
Black Codes
A
- set of laws in South to restrict the rights of African Americans
- South wished to keep the idea of slavery alive
7
Q
14th Amendment
A
- all people have state and federal citizenship
- forbids any state from taking away those rights
- cannot deprive any person of their due process
a) basically saying they cannot be deprived of their rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness - cannot deny EQUAL PROTECTION of any kind
8
Q
Freedom Bureau
A
- 1865
- to help the former slaves: provide provisions
- 1st form of social welfare
- negotiate contracts for the former slave
- provide medical care and education
9
Q
Scalawag South
A
- someone (usually a Democrat) who supports the RR to make money
10
Q
Sharecropping
A
- poor farmers (white or black)
- grow crops on another person’s farm and the owner gets 1/2 of crops (bushels)
- farmers could possibly get stuck on farms for being in debt
(not to be confused with tenant farming, which was farming to pay rent and live on farm)
11
Q
Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
A
- the South had to be divided into 5 military districts
- a general would oversee the government (made sure all qualified voters participated)
- had to give all rights to all citizens (equal)
- every state had to ratify the 14th amendment
12
Q
Wade Davis Bill
A
- Radical Republican’s version of construction
- majority of white male citizens had to take an oath declaring their allegiance to the US
- difficult for all to agree on it (needed a 50+1 majority in each state)
13
Q
Carpetbaggers
A
- move from the North to the South to make money (usually North republicans)
14
Q
Tenures of Office Act
A
- if the President wants to fire Senate and appoint for the Senate, the Senate must approve the firing
15
Q
Edwin Stanton
A
- secretary of war
- Johnson attempted firing him, Senate denied request, Johnson fired him away, eventually leading to his Impeachment
