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DES1200 Radiography > TEST 1 PT2 > Flashcards

TEST 1 PT2 Flashcards

1
Q

Roentgen

A
  • discovered x-rays
  • first nobel prize for physics
  • took 15 min exposure of wife hand
  • nov 8, 1895
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2
Q

Walkoff

A
  • first dental radiograph of lower premolar
  • submitted himself to 25 min of exposure
  • dec 1896
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3
Q

Kells

A
  • first intraoral dental radiograph on live patient
  • developed radiation burns leading to amputation of fingers
  • April 1986
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4
Q
  • discovered x-rays
  • first nobel prize for physics
  • took 15 min exposure of wife hand
  • nov 8, 1895
A

Roentgen

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5
Q
  • first dental radiograph of lower premolar
  • submitted himself to 25 min of exposure
  • dec 1896
A

Walkhoff

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6
Q
  • first intraoral dental radiograph on live patient
  • developed radiation burns leading to amputation of fingers
  • April 1986
A

Kells

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7
Q

Morton

A

-First dental radiograph on a skull

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8
Q

First dental radiograph on a skull

A

Morton

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9
Q

Rollins

A
  • wrote first paper on dangers of x-rays

- father of the science of radiation protection

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10
Q
  • wrote first paper on dangers of x-rays

- father of the science of radiation protection

A

Rollins

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11
Q

The science or study of radiation used in medicine; a branch of medical science that deals with the therapeutic use of x-rays, radioactive substances, and other forms of radiant energy.

A

RADIOLOGY (roentgenology)

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12
Q

An image or picture produced on a receptor (radiation-sensitive film, digital sensor) by exposure to ionizing radiation; a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional object.

A

RADIOGRAPH

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13
Q

A beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on receptors (photographic film or digital sensor)

A

X-rays

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14
Q

Transparent material covered with photographic emulsion.

A

Film

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15
Q

The act of making or exposing a radiograph

A

Exposure

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16
Q

PID

A

Positioning Indicator Device

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17
Q

Any person who positions, exposes, and processes dental x-ray image receptors.

A

Dental radiographer

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18
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends.

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19
Q

Range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends.

A

Electromagnetic Spectrum

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20
Q

X-rays are an invisible high energy wave form which are part of what?

A

The electromagnetic spectrum

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21
Q

Five types of rays that are part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

A
  • Radio
  • Gamma
  • Visible
  • X-rays
  • Cosmic
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22
Q

The speed of light is _____ miles per second and __X___^___ cm per second.

A

The speed of light = 186,000 ml/sec

3X10 ^10 cm per second

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23
Q

How are x-rays produced?

A

-When high speed electrons are slowed or suddenly stopped

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24
Q

Produced when high speed electrons are slowed or stopped suddenly.

A

X-rays

25
Q

Three types of radiation that have MORE energy than visible light.

A

x-rays
gamma rays
cosmic rays

26
Q

Two types of radiation which have LESS energy than visible light.

A

radio rays

micro rays

27
Q

Wavelength

A

distance from CREST to CREST

28
Q

Distance from CREST to CREST

A

Wavelength

29
Q

How is wavelength measured?

A

in Angstroms

30
Q

Angstroms

A

How wavelength is measured

31
Q

The HIGH point of a wave.

A

CREST

32
Q

SHORT wavelength has _____energy and _____penetration.

A

SHORT=HIGH energy

MORE penetration

33
Q

10 Characteristics of x-rays

A
  • High energy waves
  • No mass
  • No charge (neutral)
  • Travel at speed of light
  • Invisible
  • Travel in straight lines
  • Cannot be focused with a lens
  • Adversely affect living tissue (first sign of radiation poisoning reddening of skin or erythema)
  • Cause fluoresce
34
Q

X-rays have a _____ wavelength and a _____ frequency

A

SHORT wavelength

HIGH frequency

35
Q

Frequency

A

NUMBER of CRESTS passing a fixed point

36
Q

NUMBER of CRESTS passing a fixed point per second

A

Frequency

37
Q

How are X-rays measured?

A

Through ionization

38
Q

Measured through ionization

A

x-rays

39
Q

ionization

A

production of ions or ion pairs

-by removal of outer ELECTRONS

40
Q

Production of ions or ion pairs

-by removal of outer ELECTRONS

A

Ionization

41
Q

Formed when an electron is removed from an atom in the ionization process

A

Ion pairs

42
Q

RAD

A

Radiation Absorbed Dose

  • Amount of energy absorbed by tissue
  • International term=GRAY
43
Q
  • Amount of energy absorbed by tissue

- International term=GRAY

A

RAD

44
Q

REM

A

Roentgen Equivalent Man

-Unit of exposure of any type of radiation to which body tissues are exposed

45
Q

How do x-rays affect the cells in the body?

A
  • By breaking the cell bonds
  • killing the cells
  • changing the cells from normal to abnormal
46
Q
  • Provide information about things that you cannot see with the naked eye.
  • Part of complete diagnosis
  • See internal structures of the teeth and jaw.
  • Used to determine the presence of certain diseases.
  • Needed for a full diagnosis by the dentist.
A

Purposes of radiographs

47
Q
  • Relied upon to take good quality radiographs.
  • Depended on to process, mount correctly.
  • Safe use of dental equipment.
  • Educate the patient about use of dental radiographs.
A

Roles of dental auxillary

48
Q

What is the difference between HARD and SOFT radiation?

A

Hard radiation has SHORTER wavelengths. GREATER penetrations, 0.1-0.5 A

Soft radiation has LONGER wavelengths and is not useful to dentistry. Grenz rays

49
Q

HARD radiation has ______ wavelengths and _____ penetration.

A

SHORTER wavelengths

GREATER penetration

50
Q

What is the exposure dose?

A

The amount of radiation directed and absorbed at the patient

51
Q

The amount of radiation directed and absorbed at the patient per unit of time.

A

Exposure dose

52
Q

How is exposure dose expressed?

A

RADs/sec

53
Q

Quality factor

A

Exposure effects of different types of radiation on a common scale

54
Q

Each type of radiation has a specific ______ ______ based on the fact that different types of radiation produce different types of ______ damage.

A

quality factor

biological

55
Q

The quality factor for dental x-rays is….

A

1

56
Q

Roentgen (R) =

A

Roentgen (R)= Coulomb/Kg

57
Q

RAD=

A

RAD=GRAY(GY)

58
Q

REM=

A

REM=Sievert(SY)

59
Q

1 Gray= ___RADs

A

1 GRAY=100 RADS

DES1200 Radiography (3 decks)

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