Test 1 practice questions Flashcards
A nurse is describing the process by which blood is ejected into circulation as the chambers of the heart become smaller. The instructor categorizes this action of the heart as what?
A) Systole
B) Diastole
C) Repolarization
D) Ejection fraction
A) Systole
The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with unstable angina. The laboratory result for the initial troponin I is elevated in this patient. The nurse should recognize what implication of this assessment finding?
a) This is only an accurate indicator of myocardial damage when it reaches its peak in 24 hours.
b) Because the patient has a history of unstable angina, this is a poor indicator of myocardial injury.
c) This is an accurate indicator of myocardial injury.
d) This result indicates muscle injury, but does not specify the source.
c) This is an accurate indicator of myocardial injury.
- The physical therapist notifies the nurse that a patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) experiences a much greater-than-average increase in heart rate during physical therapy. The nurse recognizes that an increase in heart rate in a patient with CAD may result in what?
A) Development of an atrial-septal defect
B) Myocardial ischemia
C) Formation of a pulmonary embolism
D) Release of potassium ions from cardiac cells
B) Myocardial ischemia
- The nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of heart disease. What factor should the nurse identify as possibly contributing to a decrease in cardiac output?
A) A change in position from standing to sitting
B) A heart rate of 54 bpm
C) A pulse oximetry reading of 94%
D) An increase in preload related to ambulation
If there was a questions about cardiac output, I feel like this would be it.
b) A heart rate of 54 bpm
Cardiac output is computed by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate. Cardiac output can be affected by changes in either stroke volume or heart rate, such as a rate of 54 bpm. An increase in preload will lead to an increase in stroke volume. A pulse oximetry reading of 94% does not indicate hypoxemia, as hypoxia can decrease contractility. Transitioning from standing to sitting would more likely increase rather than decrease cardiac output.
A health care provider prescribes one tablet of ferrous sulfate daily for a 15-year-old girl who experiences heavy blood flow during her menstrual cycle. The nurse advises the patient and her parent that this over-the-counter preparation must be taken for how many months before stored iron replenishment can occur?
a) 1-2 months
b) 3-5 months
c) 6 months to a year
d) 1-2 years
c) 6 months to a year
Ferrous sulfate can increase hemoglobin levels in a few weeks, and anemia may be corrected in a few months. However, it takes 6 to 12 months for stored iron replenishment to occur.
A nurse is creating an education plan for a client with venous insufficiency. Which measure should the nurse include in the plan?
A. Avoid normal stockings that are tight.
B. Limit activities, including walking.
C. Sleep with legs below heart level.
D. Refrain from using graduated compression stockings.
A. Avoid normal stockings that are tight.
The nurse is caring for a client with a large venous leg ulcer. What intervention should the nurse implement to promote healing and prevent infection?
A. Provide a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
B. Apply a clean occlusive dressing once daily and whenever soiled.
C. Abstain from wearing graduated compression stockings.
D. Apply an antibiotic ointment on the surrounding skin with each dressing change.
A. Provide a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
The nurse is caring for a client who is seeking care for signs and symptoms of lymphedema. The nurse’s plan of care should prioritize which nursing diagnosis?
A. Risk for infection related to lower extremity swelling secondary to lymphedema
B. Disturbed body image related to lower extremity swelling secondary to lymphedema
C. Ineffective health maintenance related to lower extremity swelling secondary to lymphedema
D. Risk for deficient fluid volume related to lower extremity swelling secondary to lymphedema
A. Risk for infection related to lower extremity swelling secondary to lymphedema
An occupational health nurse is providing an educational event and has been asked by an administrative worker about the risk of varicose veins. Which action should the nurse suggest as a preventive measure for varicose veins?
A. Sit with crossed legs for a few minutes each hour to promote relaxation.
B. Walk for several minutes every hour to promote circulation.
C. Elevate the legs when tired.
D. Wear snug-fitting ankle socks to decrease edema.
B. Walk for several minutes every hour to promote circulation.
A nurse in a long-term care facility is caring for an 83-year-old client who has a history of heart failure (HF) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). At present, the client is unable to stand or ambulate. The nurse should implement measures to prevent which complication?
A. Aortitis
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Thoracic aortic aneurysm
D. Raynaud disease
B. Deep vein thrombosis
