Test 1 (Intrapersonal Theory) Flashcards
Teaches people about behaviors and promote wellness?
Health educators
The state of well being with the absence of disease
Health
Five Key action strategies for health promotion
build health public policy create physical and social environments supportive of change strengthen community action increased self efficacy reorient health services
Five priorities for Health Promotion
promote social responsibility for health
increase investments for health development
expand partnerships for health promotion
increase community capacity and empower individual
secure an infrastructure for health promotion
What are the three core functions of public health
assessment
policy development
assurance
What are the 6 public health goals
prevent epidemics protect against environmental hazards prevent injury promote healthy behavior respond to disasters assure the quality of health services
Becoming conscious about an action, idea, object, person or situation
awareness
Collection of facts related to an action, idea, object, person or situation
Information
Facts and insights
knowledge
Seven categories of psychomotor skills
perception Set guided response mechanism complex overt response adaption origination
The ability to use sensory cues to guide motor activity
Perception
The readiness to act
Set
Early stages in learning a complex skill, which includes imitation trial and error
Guided response
Learned responses have become habitual and the movements can be performed with some confidence and proficiency
Mechanism
Performance without hesitation
Complex overt response
Skills are well developed and the individual can modify movement patterns to fit special requirements
Adaptation
The person creates new movement patterns to fit a particular situation
Origination
Competence in understanding and using printed language, spoken language, numerals, and basic mathematical symbols or terms, which is involved in a wide range of cognitive, behavioral and social skills
Fundamental literacy/numeracy
Understanding the basic scientific and technological concepts, technological complexity, and the phenomenon of scientific uncertainty
Literacy pertaining to science and technology
Understanding about sources of information, agendas, and methods of interpreting those agendas, It enables people to engage in dialogue and decision making, Includes media interpretation skills and understanding civic functions
Community/Civic Literacy
Understanding collective beliefs, customs and social identity relationships to interpret and produce health info
Cultural literacy
Persuading community members to attend or participate in any activity planned by the health educator
Community mobilization
A process through which people gain greater control over decisions and action affecting their health
Community empowerment
What is the primary interest of health promotion
Predicting or explaining changes in behaviors or environments
How do theories derived from behavioral or social science help the practice of health ed?
Helps develop program objectives that are measurable
Help identify method to use in health ed or promotion
Helps decide timing of intervention
Helps choose right mix of strategies
Aids communication between professionals
Helps in replication of program
Helps design more efficient and productive programs
What are the goals of Health Promo
increase peoples awareness and actions Community interventions Endorses mandatory change Enables peoples toward positive change Social science approach
What are the pillars of Health ed
facilitating voluntary change
giving information
supporting people’s health behaviors
behavioral science approach
What do intentional activities do?
Promote health
Protect Health
Maintain health
How do we impact health behavior?
Theory, research, practice
What is the practice of Health Ed/Promotion
Assisting Needs Setting Goals and Objectives Developing an Intervention Implementing Intervention Evaluating Results
Why does health behavior matters when referring to sickness?
Good behavior can lead to preventive behaviors and early detection
How has HBHP changed the shape of medical practice?
Patients recognize their rights
Patients push for patient-centered, shared decision making
We recognize that a fair society allows individuals to their autonomy
Social justice approach (Nyswander 1966)
Bringing about behavioral changes in individuals, groups and larger populations through learning experiences designed to facilitate voluntary health changes
Health Education
Process of enabling people to increase control over health and reducing health inequalities
Health Promotion
What is a recent accomplishment in the US?
surpassing the targets for reducing deaths from coronary heart disease and cancer
Those personal attributes such as beliefs, expectations, motives, values, perceptions and other cognitive elements
Health Behavior
What are the three categories of health behavior?
Preventive health behavior
Illness behavior
Sick-role behavior
Any activity undertaken by an individual who believes himself to be healthy, for the purpose of preventing or detecting illness in an asymptomatic state
Preventive Health Behavior
Any activity undertaken by an individual who perceives himself to be ill, and to discover a suitable remedy
Illness behavior
Any activity undertaken by an individual who considers himself to be ill, for the purpose of getting well. Includes receiving treatment
Sick- Role behavior
What is the HBM influenced by?
- Value placed by an individual on an outcome (value) and
2. the individuals estimate of the likelihood that a given action will result in that outcome
What are the Constructs of the Health Belief Model
Perceived susceptibility Perceived severity Perceived benefits Perceived Barriers Cues to action Self-efficacy
The subjective belief that a person has with regard to acquiring a disease or reaching a harmful state as a result of indulging in a particular behavior
Perceived susceptibility
A person’s subjective belief in the extent of harm that can result from the disease or harmful state as a result of a particular behavior
Perceived severity
The constructs of perceived severity and perceived susceptibility
Perceived threat
Beliefs concerning the actual imagined costs for new healthy behavior
Perceived Barrier
Forces that make a person feel the need to take action
Cues to Action
What are 4 strategies used to build self efficacy?
Break down complex behavior into practical steps
Use a demonstration from a credible role model
Use persuasion and reassurance
Reduce stress
What is a limitation of the HBM?
Theory does not very well promote good behavior, particularly long-term behavior change
How should behavior be defined?
Target, action, context, time (TACT)
Determinant of attitude toward behavior
Behavioral Beliefs
The value a person places on each outcome
Outcome evaluation
Person’s belief that most of the significant others in his or her life think the person should or should not perform the behavior
Subjective norm
How a person thinks others who are significant in his or her life would like him or her to behave
Normative beliefs
The degree to which a person wants to act in accordance with the perceived wishes of those significant in his or her life
Motivation to comply
How much a person feels he or she is in command of enacting the given behavior
Perceived behavioral control
Beliefs about internal and external factors that may inhibit or facilitate the performance of the behavior
Control beliefs
Perception about how easy or difficult it is to perform the behavior in each condition identified in the control beliefs
Perceived power
Behavioral process that utilizes reinforcements and punishments for taking steps in a particular direction
Reinforcement management
Workers who provide a link between the community and health educators and other healthcare workers and develop and implement strategist improve the health of individuals and communities
Community health workers
What are some of the duties of Health Educators?
assess needs of the people and communities they serve
Develop programs and events to teach people about health
Evaluate effectiveness of programs
What are some of the duties of Community Health Workers?
Provide outreach and discuss health care concerns
Collect data
Provide informal counseling and social support
Advocate for individual and community needs
What do health educators do in health care facilities?
Work one-on-one
Navigate through health insurance options
Help organize health screenings
Train medical staff
What do Health workers do in colleges?
Create programs and materials that affect young adults
Train students to be peer educators
What do health workers do in nonprofits?
Create programs and materials about health issues for the community
Limit programs to a specific audience
Secure funding
What do health workers do in private business?
Identify common health problems
Work with management to develop incentives
Recommend changes to the workplace
What is the biggest category for jobs for community health workers?
Individual, family, community and vocational rehabilitation services (25%)
Exam aimed at entry level health educators who have completed a bachelors degree or are within 3 months of completion
Certified Health Education Specialist exam
How do you maintain the CHES?
75 hours of continuing education every 5 years
What skills do you need to be a Health Education specialist?
Analytic skills Instructional skills Interpersonal skills Problem-solving Writing skills
What is the median annual wage forr health educators?
$48,790
What is the median wage for community health workers?
$34,620
What is the projected growth for community health workers?
21 percent
