test 1 for c&d Flashcards
Culture
Any information acquired through social learning from members of one’s species, that can influence behaviors
What are the 3 challenges to studying culture?
- No distinct/clear boundaries between cultures
- Culture changes , cultural information gets lost or replaced
- Variability amongst individuals within culture
What is Cultural Psychology ?
A field of psychology devoted to examining the impact of culture on thoughts and behaviours
Nonuniversal (cultural invention)
a psychological process that does not exist in all cultures
Existential Universal
a psychological process that exist in all cultures but that is not used in the same way and is not equally accessible
Functional universal
a psychological process that exists in all cultures, used the same way, but more accessible in some cultures
Accessibility Universal
a psychological process that exist in all cultures, used the same way, equally accessible
What is Diversity
Those things that make us different from one another
Cognitive Diversity
differences in thinking, analysis,perception and point of view
Identity Diversity
difference among people based on the social categories
Demographic Diversity
Statistical distribution of social categories, without regard for the salience of category
Preference Diversity
differences in taste and values
Fundamental preferences
Outcomes we value
Instrumental Preferences
the means of attaining desired outcomes
Psychology of Diversity
Subfield aimed at explaining why people behave the way they do when confronted with social groups different from their own
Convenience Sample
sample of participants used because they are convenient
Ethnography
in depth description and analysis of cultural norms and practices within a particular group
Scientific method
a method for answering questions about the nature of reality that reduces the impact of human biases
Theory
explanation for how or why events occur
Hypothesis
testable prediction that follows logically from the theory
Research
systematic investigation used to test hypotheses and find support for theories
Variable
a measurable characteristic of people, objects, or events that may vary/ change
Operationalization
defining a variable or concept so that it can be measured
what are the two types of reasearch in culture /diversity psychology?
qualitative and quantitative
Qualitative Research
a method of collecting, analyzing and interpreting non-numerical data
Experimental Group
group receiving manipulation
Control Group
group not receiving manipulation
Neuroscience methods
The use of Fmri and EEG to determine cultural differences in brain activity during psychological task
Ethnocentrism
viewing other cultures through one’s own cultural lens
