Test 1 Extra

Question 1

The motion of the planets tend to be on:

Answer 1

The ecliptic.

Question 2

Copernicus in his famous book, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, (De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in latin) made a fundamental change in our understanding of how the solar system was organized by:

Answer 2

placing the Sun at the center of the solar system.

Question 3

What are Kepler’s three Laws of planetary motion?

Answer 3

• The orbits of the planets are ellipses with the Sun at one focus.
• A line drawn from a planet to the Sun sweeps over equal area in equal intervals of time.
• P^2 = a^3

Question 4

Galileo used his telescope to observe Jupiter and discovered its moons. The existence of those moons was direct physical evidence against the geocentric hypothesis because:

Answer 4

it showed that there were motions in space that were not centered on the Earth and hence would violate the premise of the geocentric hypothesis of the Earth as the center of the solar system.

Question 5

What are Newton’s three Laws?

Answer 5

• A body continues at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by some force.
• A body’s change of motion is proportional to the force acting on it and is in the direction of the force.
• When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force back on the first body.