Test #1 Early-Mid Baroque (17th Century up through de Araujo, Chapters 13-16) Flashcards

1
Q

Doctrine of affections

A

Stylized emotions, goal of music is to move the affections

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2
Q

Two most important instruments of the Baroque

A

Violin & Harpsichord

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3
Q

Two big principles of the Baroque

A
  1. Ornamentation/Improvisation 2. Contrast
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4
Q

Three kinds of music in the Baroque period

A

Church, Chamber, Theater

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5
Q

Basso continuo/thoroughbass

A

composer wrote out th melody or melodies and the bass line but left it to the performers to fill in the appropriate chords or inner parts

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6
Q

Monody

A

(1) An accompanied solo song. (2) The musical texture of solo singing accompanied by one or more instruments

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7
Q

Recitative

A

A type of vocal singing that approaches speech and follows the natural rhythms of the text

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8
Q

Baroque

A

~1590-1735

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9
Q

Prima prattica/first practice

A

The 16th-century style of vocal polyphony codified by Zarlino; had to follow its own rules and thus dominated the verbal text

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10
Q

Seconda prattica/second practice

A

Vocal style used by modern Italians; music serves to heighten the effect and rhetorical power of the words, and voice-leading rules may be broken and dissonances may be used more freely to express the feelings evoked in the text

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11
Q

Continuo instruments

A

Typically harpsichord, organ, lute, or theorbo (also called chitarrone)

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12
Q

Figured bass

A

Added figures by the composer above or below the bass notes to indicate the precise notes required

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13
Q

Realization

A

The actual playing of figured bass

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14
Q

Concertato medium/concertato style

A

Contrasting forces are brought together in a harmonious ensemble

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15
Q

Concerted madrigal

A

For one or more voices (sometimes with melody instruments)

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16
Q

Sacred concerto

A

A sacred vocal work with instruments

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17
Q

Measures

A

recurring patterns of strong and weak beats, with the value and number of beats indicated by time signatures

18
Q

Ornamentation

A

A means for moving the affections; adding decoration to notes

19
Q

Ornaments

A

Trills, turns, appoggiaturas, and mordents

20
Q

Division, diminution, or figuration

A

More extended embellishments, such as scales, arpeggios, and the like

21
Q

Cadenzas

A

Elaborate passages decorating important cadences

22
Q

Tonal

A

Operating within the system of major and minor keys familiar from music of the 18th &19th centuries

23
Q

Opera

A

A union of poetry, drama, music, and stagecraft, all brought to life through performance

24
Q

Libretto

A

Text in an opera, Italian for “little book”

25
Pastoral drama
A play in verse with music and songs intersperesed
26
Madrigal comedy/madrigal cycle
Composers grouped madrigals in a series to represent a succession of scenes or a simple plot
27
Intermedio
A musical interlude on a pastoral, allegorical, or mytholgical subject performed between acts of a play
28
Camerata
Circle, or association
29
Aria
Any setting of strophic poetry
30
Solo Madrigal
Through-composed settings of nonstrophic poems, sung for one's own entertainment or for an audience
31
Recitative style
Speech-song
32
Sinfonia
A generic term used throughout the seventeeths century for an abstract ensemble piece, especially one that serves as a prelude
33
Ritornello
An instrumental refrain
34
Strophic variation
Varying the melody and the duration fot he harmonies to reflect the accentuation and meaning of the text
35
Concitato genere, or stile concitato
Excited style, characterized by rapid reiteration on a single note, whether on quickly spoken syllables or in a measured string tremolo
36
Recitativo arioso, or arioso
Passages that lie somewhere between recitative and aria style
37
Castrati
Males who were castrated before puberty to preserve their high vocal range
38
Prima donna
Italian for "first lady," the lead soprano in an opera
39
Cruda Amarili
Monteverdi Madrigal 5 voices Fairly typical Renaissance madrigal except for its treatment of dissonance
40
Vedrò 'l mio sol
Caccini Solo monodic madrigal narrow range lots of repeated notes text driven ornamentation at cadences