- NSAID/COX Inhibitor - Uses: Analgesic (mild pain), antipyretic, dysmenorrhea - MOA: Inhibition of COX1 an COX2 - Side effects: GI bleeding/ulcers due to COX 1 inhibition

- NSAID/COX Inhibitor - Uses: Analgesic (mild pain), antipyretic - MOA: Inhibition of COX 1 and COX2 - Preferred over ibuprofen due to longer half life (less frequent doses needed)

- NSAID/COX Inhibitor - Uses: Post-op pain - Can have analgesic effects similar to morphine - Must be administered IM

- NSAID/COX Inhibitor - Uses: Arthritis, gout, tendinitis

- NSAID/COX Inhibitor - Uses: Antiplatelet (can protect against MI and stroke), analgesic, antipyretic - MOA: Irreversible, non selective inhibition of COX1 and COX 2 - Side effects: Increased bleeding, Reye's syndrome (children), GI distress

- Second generation NSAID/selective COX 2 inhibitor - Uses: Acute pain, arthritis - MOA: Selective COX 2 inhibition - Side effects: Dyspepsia, abdominal pain - Only can be administered for 2-3 weeks

- Non-opiate narcotic - Uses: Analgesic (mild to moderately severe) - MOA: CNS weak opioid

- Muscarinic Antagonist - Anticholinergic/parasympatholytic - MOA: Competitive blockage at muscarinic receptors - Uses: Pre-anesthesia (decrease secretions), bradycardia, muscarinic agonist poisoning - Side effects: Xerostomia (tooth decay), blurred vision and photophobia, urinary retention, tachycardia - Antidote: Physostigmine

Test 1 Drugs Flashcards by Cheyenne Oseguera

-Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

-COX Inhibitor
-Uses: Analgesic (mild to moderate pain), antipyretic (fever)
MOA: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis via COX 2 inhibition

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Ibuprofin

NSAID/COX Inhibitor
Uses: Analgesic (mild pain), antipyretic, dysmenorrhea
MOA: Inhibition of COX1 an COX2
Side effects: GI bleeding/ulcers due to COX 1 inhibition

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Naproxen (Aleve)

NSAID/COX Inhibitor
Uses: Analgesic (mild pain), antipyretic
MOA: Inhibition of COX 1 and COX2
Preferred over ibuprofen due to longer half life (less frequent doses needed)

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Ketorolac (Toradol)

NSAID/COX Inhibitor
Uses: Post-op pain
Can have analgesic effects similar to morphine
Must be administered IM

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Indomethacin

NSAID/COX Inhibitor
Uses: Arthritis, gout, tendinitis

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Aspirin

NSAID/COX Inhibitor
Uses: Antiplatelet (can protect against MI and stroke), analgesic, antipyretic
MOA: Irreversible, non selective inhibition of COX1 and COX 2
Side effects: Increased bleeding, Reye’s syndrome (children), GI distress

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Celecoxib (celebrex)

Second generation NSAID/selective COX 2 inhibitor
Uses: Acute pain, arthritis
MOA: Selective COX 2 inhibition
Side effects: Dyspepsia, abdominal pain
Only can be administered for 2-3 weeks

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Tramadol

Non-opiate narcotic
Uses: Analgesic (mild to moderately severe)
MOA: CNS weak opioid

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Morphine Sulfate (MS-Contin)

Opiate analgesic
Uses: Severe acute or severe chronic pain (cancer, MI, dyspnea via pulmonary edema), preop
MOA: Mu-receptor agonist
Side effects: Sedation, respiratory depression, hypotension, pruritus (itchy skin)

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Fentanyl (Sublimaze, Duragesic)

Opiate analgesic
Uses: Sever pain (periop, palliative care)
MOA: Mu receptor agonist
Side effects: Sedation, respiratory depression

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Bethanechol (Urecholine)

Muscarinic Agonist
Parasympathomimetic/cholinergic
Uses: Urinary retention via muscarinic activation of the bladder muscles
Side effects: Hypotension, bradycardia, increased salivation, bronchoconstriction, sweating (more common when administered SC vs oral). CI for patients with hyperthyroidism-cardiac dysrhythmia
Antidote: Atropine

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Atropine

Muscarinic Antagonist
Anticholinergic/parasympatholytic
MOA: Competitive blockage at muscarinic receptors
Uses: Pre-anesthesia (decrease secretions), bradycardia, muscarinic agonist poisoning
Side effects: Xerostomia (tooth decay), blurred vision and photophobia, urinary retention, tachycardia
Antidote: Physostigmine

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Oxybutynin (Ditropan) and Darifenicin (Enablex)

Muscarinic agonist for OAB
Cholinergic
MOA: More selective for M3 muscarinic receptors, which are found on the bladder

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Neostigmine (Prostigmin) and Physostigmine

…and Detrol but tha’ts less selective

Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Anticholinesterase
MOA: Decreases activity of cholinesterase, thereby increasing levels of ACh
Uses: Myasthenia gravis, atropine poisoning
Side effects: Same as muscarinic agonist due to increased levels of ACh

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Turbocurarine and vecuronium (competitive and nondepolarizing)
Succinylcholine (noncompetitive and depolarizing)

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
MOA: Paralysis of muscles by blocking action of Nm receptor (depolarizing causes the muscles to contract but then they freeze)
Uses: Paralysis for intubation, surgery, electroconvulsive therapy, and mechanical ventilation
Charged molecules so must be given IV
Side effects: Respiratory arrest and hypotension. For succinylcholine, malignant hyperthermia and hyperkalemia

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Clonidine (Catapress)

Indirect-acting anti-adrenergic agonist
Alpha 2 agonist
MOA: Activation of A2 receptors in the CNS decreases sympathetic outflow to vessels and to the heart via decreased release of transmitters
Uses: Decreases HTN (also some severe pain and ADHD)
Side effects: Drowsiness, xerostomia, rebound HTN if doses suddenly stop

Methyldopa

Indirect-acting anti-adrenergic agonist
Alpha 2 Agonist
MOA: Activated withing neurons to become methyl-norepinephrine, activated A2 receptors
Uses: HTN

Prazosin (minipress)

Adrenergic antagonist
Alpha blockade (drugs end in -sin)
MOA: Blocks activation of alpha receptors
Uses: HTN, reversal of A1 agonist toxicity, Raynaud’s disease

Tamsulosin (Flowmax)

Adrenergic antagonist
Alpha blockade
Uses: BPH (used to help alleviate dysuria caused by BPH)

Narcan/Naloxone

Opioid antagonist
MOA: Blocks opioid effects
Uses: Reversal of opioid effects

Propranolol

-Adrenergic antagonist
-First gen B blockage
-Non selective
Uses: Angina, HTN, MI, Heart failure
-Side effects B1: Bradycardia, reduced cardiac output, AV blockage
-Side effects B2: Bronchoconstriction, inhibition of glycogenolysis

Hydromorphone/Dilaudid

-Opioid agonist
-MOA: Mu agonist
Uses: Moderate to severe pain, heavily used in chronic cancer pain
-Less sedating than morphine
-Adverse effects: Sedation, respiratory depression, nausea and pruritis (less so than morphine due to less histamine)

Meperidine (Demerol)

Opioid
Mu and kappa agonist
Used as an analgesic for patients with morphine allergy
Side effects: Respiratory depression, sedation, hypotension
Not popular anymore due to short half life
Only used for 48 hours

Codein sulfate

Opioid
MOA: Mu agonist (week affinity)
Uses: Mild to moderate pain, cough suppressant
Side effects: Sedation, respiratory depression

Hydrocodone (Vicodin)

- Schedule II - Analgesic equivalent to codeine - Can be taken alone or in combo with Tylenol or Ibuprofin

Methadone (dolophine)

- Mu receptor agonist - Moderate to sever pain, management of opioid abuse NOT FOR PAIN CONTROL

Buprenorphine

- Used to treat OUD (opioid use disorder) - Opioid partial agonist (produces euphoria and respiratory depression at low doses) - Side effects: Constipation, headache, nausea, vomiting

Metoprolol

-B blockade -Second gen B1 selective -Uses: Angina, HTN, dysrhythmias, MI, HF -Side effects: -B1: Bradycardia, reduced CO

Carvedilol (Coreg)

- B blockade - Third gen B1, B2, a1 (vasodilation) - Uses: Same as Metoprolol and Propranolol - Side effects: Related to B1 (bradycardia), B2 (bronchoconstriction), and A1 (hypotension) blockade