Test 1: Chapter 3,4,5 &6

Question 1

What is a chromosome variation?

Answer 1

Sperm and ovum do not have 23 chromosomes each

Question 2

What is down syndrome?

Answer 2

extra/altered 21st chromosome leading to severe mental retardation and physical malformations

Question 3

What is Klinefelter’s syndrome?

Answer 3

XXY, extra X chromosome in males causing physical variations

Question 4

What is fragile X syndrome?

Answer 4

A variation in the X chromosome that causes intellectual and learning disabilities and short life span (can happen in males and females)

Question 5

What is Turner’s syndrome?

Answer 5

Missing X in females (0X instead of XX), intellectual disabilities and sexual underdevelopment

Question 6

What is XYY syndrome?

Answer 6

Causes above average height in males

Question 7

What is cystic fibrosis?

Answer 7

glandular dysfunction that interferes with mucus production, breathing, digestion. Shortens life span

Question 8

What is hemophilia?

Answer 8

delayed clotting of blood causing internal and external bleeding

Question 9

What is Huntington’s disease?

Answer 9

CNS deteriorates causing muscle deterioration and mental degradation

Question 10

What is Phenylketonuria (PKU)?

Answer 10

A metabolic disorder that can cause muscle deterioration if left untreated

Question 11

What is sickle cell anemia?

Answer 11

blood disorder that limits the oxygen supply of the body

Question 12

What is spina bifida?

Answer 12

neural tube disorder that causes spine and brain variations

Question 13

What is Tay Sachs disease?

Answer 13

deceleration of mental and physical development caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system

Question 14

What is amniocentesis?

Answer 14

amniotic fluid testing

Question 15

What is ultrasound sonography?

Answer 15

high frequency sound waves produce an image of the fetus

Question 16

What is chorionic villi sampling?

Answer 16

testing of small sample of the placenta

Question 17

When do you get an ultrasound for the first time?

Answer 17

20 weeks

Question 18

What is maternal serum screening?

Answer 18

a blood test that tests for disorders of the fetus, occurs at 14-20 weeks

Question 19

What is a fetal MRI?

Answer 19

a detailed image of the fetus’s organs

Question 20

What is a noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD)?

Answer 20

Analysis of fetal cells in the mothers blood

Question 21

How many Canadian couples are infertile?

Answer 21

8.5%

Question 22

What are the potential causes of infertility in men?

Answer 22

Low sperm count, immobile sperm, antibodies against sperm

Question 23

What are the potential causes of infertility in women?

Answer 23

Ovulation problems, Antisperm secretions, blocked fallopian tubes, and endometriosis (tissue build up in uterus)

Question 24

What occurs during the germinal period?

Answer 24

The zygote is created and it attached to the uterine wall

Question 25

How long is the germinal period?

Answer 25

conception to 2 weeks

Question 26

What is the inner layer of cells that later becomes the embryo?

Answer 26

blastocyst

Question 27

What is the outer layer of cells that later provides nutrients and support for the embryo?

Answer 27

trophoblast

Question 28

What occurs during the embryonic period?

Answer 28

The zygote turns into an embryo, prenatal life supports develop (placenta, umbilican cord, amnion), organogenesis begins to occur, ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm differentiate

Question 29

What does the endoderm develop into?

Answer 29

digestive and respiratory systems

Question 30

What does the mesoderm develop into?

Answer 30

bones, muscles, circulatory, excretory, and reproductive systems

Question 31

What does the ectoderm develop into?

Answer 31

nervous system, sensory receptors and skin parts

Question 32

What is the placenta?

Answer 32

a disk shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and offspring intertwine but do not join

Question 33

What is the umbilical cord?

Answer 33

a cord containing 2 arteries and 1 vein that connect the baby to the placenta

Question 34

What is the amnion

Answer 34

A bag or envelope containing clear fluid in which the embryo floats

Question 35

How long is the embryonic period?

Answer 35

2 weeks to 8 weeks

Question 36

What is the fetal period and how long does it last?

Answer 36

The growth and development stage, where the organs continue to mature. From 8 weeks to child birth

Question 37

How early can a baby be born and have a chance at living?

Answer 37

7 months

Question 38

When can you find out the sex of your baby?

Answer 38

20 weeks

Question 39

What happens if you drink more than 300 mg of caffeine per day when pregnant?

Answer 39

increased risk of miscarriage

Question 40

What happens if you drink alcohol when pregnant?

Answer 40

fetal alcohol spectrums disorder

Question 41

What happens if you smoke nicotine when pregnant?

Answer 41

preterm birth, low birth weight, respiratory problems, SIDS ADHD

Question 42

What happens if you do cocaine or meth when youre pregnant?

Answer 42

low birth weight, developmental and behavioural problems, death

Question 43

What happens if you smoke weed when ur pregnant?

Answer 43

your baby can be depressed and have lower intelligence

Question 44

What happens if you do heroin when you are pregnant?

Answer 44

Severe behavioural