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HAHP 2000 > Test 1: Chapter 3,4,5 &6 > Flashcards

Test 1: Chapter 3,4,5 &6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chromosome variation?

A

Sperm and ovum do not have 23 chromosomes each

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2
Q

What is down syndrome?

A

extra/altered 21st chromosome leading to severe mental retardation and physical malformations

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3
Q

What is Klinefelter’s syndrome?

A

XXY, extra X chromosome in males causing physical variations

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4
Q

What is fragile X syndrome?

A

A variation in the X chromosome that causes intellectual and learning disabilities and short life span (can happen in males and females)

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5
Q

What is Turner’s syndrome?

A

Missing X in females (0X instead of XX), intellectual disabilities and sexual underdevelopment

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6
Q

What is XYY syndrome?

A

Causes above average height in males

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7
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

glandular dysfunction that interferes with mucus production, breathing, digestion. Shortens life span

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8
Q

What is hemophilia?

A

delayed clotting of blood causing internal and external bleeding

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9
Q

What is Huntington’s disease?

A

CNS deteriorates causing muscle deterioration and mental degradation

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10
Q

What is Phenylketonuria (PKU)?

A

A metabolic disorder that can cause muscle deterioration if left untreated

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11
Q

What is sickle cell anemia?

A

blood disorder that limits the oxygen supply of the body

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12
Q

What is spina bifida?

A

neural tube disorder that causes spine and brain variations

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13
Q

What is Tay Sachs disease?

A

deceleration of mental and physical development caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system

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14
Q

What is amniocentesis?

A

amniotic fluid testing

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15
Q

What is ultrasound sonography?

A

high frequency sound waves produce an image of the fetus

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16
Q

What is chorionic villi sampling?

A

testing of small sample of the placenta

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17
Q

When do you get an ultrasound for the first time?

A

20 weeks

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18
Q

What is maternal serum screening?

A

a blood test that tests for disorders of the fetus, occurs at 14-20 weeks

19
Q

What is a fetal MRI?

A

a detailed image of the fetus’s organs

20
Q

What is a noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD)?

A

Analysis of fetal cells in the mothers blood

21
Q

How many Canadian couples are infertile?

A

8.5%

22
Q

What are the potential causes of infertility in men?

A

Low sperm count, immobile sperm, antibodies against sperm

23
Q

What are the potential causes of infertility in women?

A

Ovulation problems, Antisperm secretions, blocked fallopian tubes, and endometriosis (tissue build up in uterus)

24
Q

What occurs during the germinal period?

A

The zygote is created and it attached to the uterine wall

25
Q

How long is the germinal period?

A

conception to 2 weeks

26
Q

What is the inner layer of cells that later becomes the embryo?

A

blastocyst

27
Q

What is the outer layer of cells that later provides nutrients and support for the embryo?

A

trophoblast

28
Q

What occurs during the embryonic period?

A

The zygote turns into an embryo, prenatal life supports develop (placenta, umbilican cord, amnion), organogenesis begins to occur, ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm differentiate

29
Q

What does the endoderm develop into?

A

digestive and respiratory systems

30
Q

What does the mesoderm develop into?

A

bones, muscles, circulatory, excretory, and reproductive systems

31
Q

What does the ectoderm develop into?

A

nervous system, sensory receptors and skin parts

32
Q

What is the placenta?

A

a disk shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and offspring intertwine but do not join

33
Q

What is the umbilical cord?

A

a cord containing 2 arteries and 1 vein that connect the baby to the placenta

34
Q

What is the amnion

A

A bag or envelope containing clear fluid in which the embryo floats

35
Q

How long is the embryonic period?

A

2 weeks to 8 weeks

36
Q

What is the fetal period and how long does it last?

A

The growth and development stage, where the organs continue to mature. From 8 weeks to child birth

37
Q

How early can a baby be born and have a chance at living?

A

7 months

38
Q

When can you find out the sex of your baby?

A

20 weeks

39
Q

What happens if you drink more than 300 mg of caffeine per day when pregnant?

A

increased risk of miscarriage

40
Q

What happens if you drink alcohol when pregnant?

A

fetal alcohol spectrums disorder

41
Q

What happens if you smoke nicotine when pregnant?

A

preterm birth, low birth weight, respiratory problems, SIDS ADHD

42
Q

What happens if you do cocaine or meth when youre pregnant?

A

low birth weight, developmental and behavioural problems, death

43
Q

What happens if you smoke weed when ur pregnant?

A

your baby can be depressed and have lower intelligence

44
Q

What happens if you do heroin when you are pregnant?

A

Severe behavioural

HAHP 2000 (4 decks)

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