Test 1 Chapter 2 Definitions

Question 1

Anthropogenic

Answer 1

• human induced changes on natural environment

Question 2

Biotic

Answer 2

Living factors in an environment

Question 3

Abiotic

Answer 3

Non living factors in an ecosystem

For example, climatic features such as sunlight and humidity, organic substances such as water and protein

Question 4

Environments

Answer 4

Refers to everything around them, both living (biotic) and non living (abiotic)

Question 5

Ecosystems

Answer 5

• all the organisms in a given area
• as well as the abiotic factors they interact
• can also interact with one or more communities and the physical environment around them

Question 6

Natural biome

Answer 6

Large scale concept and tends to focus on the biotic element of an area

Question 7

Forest environments

Answer 7

• forests cover about 1/3 of the world
• store much of the worlds carbon
• contain 80% of worlds terrestrial biodiversity

Question 8

Agricultural environments

Answer 8

• defined as plant and farming in order to sustain and enhance life

Question 9

Urban environments.

Answer 9

• characterised by a city with large urban buildings in a limited place

Question 10

Anthropogenic biomes

Answer 10

Human biomes showing human impact on the terrestrial biosphere

Growth of human impact has been rapid, expansive and has a large impact on natural biomes

Question 11

Land cover change

Answer 11

• changes taken place in natural environments as a result of human and natural induced causes

Question 12

Urbanisation

Answer 12

• proportion of the people living in urban areas will see more of the worlds population living in metropolitan areas or cities

Question 13

Deforestation

Answer 13

• removal or clearing of forests for urban and agricultural development
• types include, fires, logging for timber, and degradation from climate change

Question 14

Sustainability

Answer 14

Meeting the needs of the present without disrupting the ability for future generations to meet their needs

Question 15

Biodiversity loss

Answer 15

• diminishing of species within an ecosystem
• the species that make up the ecosystem determine its productivity, affect nutrient cycles and soil content
• species also influence environmental conditions, such as water cycles, weather patterns, climate and non biotic aspects
• loss of one species affects many others causing an imbalance

Question 16

Ecosystem services

Answer 16

• benefits people and communities that derive from an ecosystem
• flood, disease control, food, water, cultural services and supporting the nutrient cycle

Question 17

Climate change

Answer 17

Change in statistical distributions of weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time

Question 18

Mixed market economy

Answer 18

• Means the economy, like Australia has a mixture of capitalism and socialism

Question 19

World population

Answer 19

• rapidly growing between 1900 and 2000 and has multiplied three times faster than the rest of human history

Question 20

Caring for country

Answer 20

• the environmental, cultural heritage and natural resource management by indigenous communities
• includes cultural practices and rituals, seasonal use of resources, use of fire to receive optimal environmental conditions