Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

experimental design psychology > Test 1 CH 1-4 > Flashcards

Test 1 CH 1-4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

tradition vs tenacity

A

it is true because it has always been true.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

intuition

A

it is true because i feel it is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

authority

A

it is true because an expert said it is true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

reasoning

A

it is true because i have logically derived it to be true. thinking with reason

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

empiricism

A

it is true because i have experienced it to be true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

science

A

a way of acquiring knowledge through the continual interaction of empiricism and reasoning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the science of psychology give us?

A

it provides the theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the art of psychology give us?

A

it applies the theory in skillful ways to help others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

n of one fallacy

A

drawing conclusions/generalization from anecdotal evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

objectives of science*

A

describe-(subject matter)
explain(trends)
predict (predict from explanation)
control (control and apply)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

5 tenets of science

A 
determinism
empiricism
replicability 
falsifiability
parsimony
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

determinism

A

natural cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

empiricism

A

reliance on real evidence to confirm or refute claims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

replicability

A

must be able to be repeated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

falsifiability

A

hypothesis and theories must be able to be falsified through empirical research.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

parsimony

A

simple explanation for a phenomena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

steps in the scientific method

A
  1. assume a natural cause
  2. make an educated guess
  3. test guess
  4. revise hypothesis
  5. re-test guess
  6. make a conclusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

theory

A

a statement of how concepts are created

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

concepts

A

the general category of ideas that are represented by our variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hypothesis

A

a prediction of how concepts are related that is often deduced from a theory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

approaches to research

A 
descriptive vs explanatory 
quantitative vs qualitative 
basic vs applied
cross-sectional vs longitudinal 
field vs lab
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

basic research

A

researcher wants to answer a question simply to satisfy own curiosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

applied research

A

the researcher is looking to apply the knowledge to somehow benefit humankind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cross-sectional

A

different ages at one time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

longitudinal

A

same age over a hundred years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

difference between field and lab

A

field allows more natural setting

lab allows better control over variable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Layout of a peer review*

A 
abstract (summary)
intro (hypothesis incl.)
method (how?)
results (#'s, mean, tests)
discussion (what now?)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the process of peer review?

A

the editor of a journal sends submitted manuscripts out to be reviewed by other researchers in the field.

29
Q

what is the process of reviewed blind

A

the reviewers do not know the author.

30
Q

abstract section

A

complete summary

31
Q

introduction section

A

background of the research

32
Q

independent variable

A

manipulated

33
Q

dependent variable

A

what they measured

34
Q

moderating variables

A

influence the relationship between IV and DV

35
Q

mediating variable

A

had an influence on the results. intervenes on the IV and DV

36
Q

method section

A

details on exactly how the variables were measured. controlled.

37
Q

participant/subject

A

humans and animals that were used in the experiment

38
Q

material/apparatus

A

details about the equipment that was used.

39
Q

procedure

A

chronological sequence of what happened to the participants

40
Q

results section

A

statistical information about whether or not the data supported the research hypotheses

41
Q

descriptive statistics

A

includes measures of central tendencies, variability, and the strength of the relationship.

42
Q

pearson-product momentum correlation

A

describes how strongly variables are related to one another. (symb is “r”)

43
Q

inferential statistics

A

used to generalize the findings of a study

44
Q

common test of significance

A

used in hypothesis testing to determine whether results are statistically significant

45
Q

effect size

A

provides some indication of the strength of the effct

46
Q

discussion section

A

how the results fit into the literature, includes suggestion for future research.

47
Q

statistical research

A

state the expected relationship between or among summary values of a population called parameters.

48
Q

null hypothesis

A

used for inferential statistics, states that there is no statistical difference between two things

49
Q

alternate hypothesis

A

the outset of the study. can use when null is rejected

50
Q

steps in hypothesis testing*

A

state null and alternate
collect data and analyze
reject null/accept alt. or fail to reject null
state conclusion

51
Q

type 1 error

A

(Lie) reject a true null, alpha, false positive

52
Q

type 2 error

A

(missed something) false null is failed to be rejected, beta, false negative.

53
Q

power

A

our ability to reject a false null

54
Q

external validity

A

when findings of a study can be generalized to other populations and settings.

55
Q

internal validity

A

the validity of the measures within a study.

directly related to the researchers control.

56
Q

extraneous

A

variable that may effect the outcome of the study but was not manipulated.

57
Q

confounding variable

A

a variable that is systematically related to the independent and dependent variable

58
Q

spurius effect

A

an outcome that was influenced by a third unrelated variable.

59
Q

controlled variable

A

a variable that the researcher takes into account when designing a research study or experiment.

60
Q

nuisance variable

A

contribute variances to our dependent measures and clouds the results

61
Q

elimination

A

get rid of extraneous variables

62
Q

constancy

A

keep things constant

63
Q

secondary variables as an IV

A

make variable a secondary when you cant change them

64
Q

randomization

A

random assignment of a participant group. so groups are initially equivalent

65
Q

repeated measures

A

use the same participants in all conditions

66
Q

statistical control

A

treat the extraneous variables as a covariable and use statistical procedures to remove it from analysis

67
Q

what is the difference between general principles and ethical principles.

A

general principles are aspirational in nature, their intent is to guide and inspire researchers to the highest ethical standards. Ethical standards are rules that must be followed.

68
Q

5 general principles that guide psychologists

A 
benefience & nonmaleficence
fidelity & responsibility
integrity
justice
respect for people's right and dignity

experimental design psychology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions